Aesop is short. Aesop, biography, life story, creativity, writers, zhzl

Years of life: lived around 600 BC. e.

State: Ancient Greece

Field of activity: Literature

Greatest Achievement: He became the first fabulist whose works have come down to our time.

All of us at school studied such a genre of poetic creativity as a fable.

Mostly, of course, in Russian schools they talk about our compatriot, the great fabulist Ivan Andreevich Krylov.

But the fable originates from, it was created as a genre by a semi-mythical, semi-historical character named Aesop.

Aesopian language

In fact, all the plots of the fables came to us from Aesop, and the rest of the fabulists - Krylov, and his predecessors Phaedrus, Jean De La Fontaine, Lessing - only retold his fables, adding details and dressing them in the form of poems with an obligatory instructive result in the finale.

At the time of Aesop, the fable did not yet have the appearance of a poetic work; Aesop's fables were prosaic. They looked like small fairy tales with moralizing allegorical overtones, the main roles in which were played by animals or inanimate objects.

The concept of fables is as simple as possible: the characters are schematic and conditional, the language is unpretentious and close to colloquial. In this small genre, this is not the main thing, the moral lesson that the author teaches the reader is more important.

Before Aesop, fables also existed, but such stories were introduced by him for the first time and gained immense popularity, despite the fact that society, its shortcomings and human vices were largely ridiculed.

Also, the fabulist is considered the creator of the allegorical language, which is called by the name of its author - the Aesopian language, many phraseological units, proverbs and sayings originate from it.

This language, allegorical expressions, veiled criticism of the powerful of this world, their vices and immoral actions, through which one could express one's thoughts and protests, has always been popular, especially in those days when telling the truth directly was life-threatening.

Aesop's original poems have not survived to this day, probably, they were originally an oral form and were transmitted from person to person, from mouth to mouth.

"Aesop's Fables" have come down to us only in the processing of later Greek and Roman authors - Phaedrus, Babrius, Avin.

Aesop's life and death

Very little is known about where Aesop came from, his biography is vague, there is almost no historical information.

In the stories about him, it is not clear where the truth begins, and where the fiction of biographers who wanted to romanticize the image of the creator begins. Even the time in which the fabulist lived is known only approximately - the sixth century BC.

It tells that Aesop was a slave of the Samian slave owner Iadmon.

Many ancient writers call Thrace, Sardis, Phrygia the place of his birth. Although basically this information is false: Aesop is connected with Thrace only by relations with the Thracian slave Rodopis, and a legend leads him to Sardis, where the mythical Aesop appears in the feast of the Seven Wise Men.

Later, Asia Minor was called his fatherland, which correlates with the name of the sage - Aesop, Áisopos, and Phrygia was often stereotypically called the country of slaves.

Aristophanes cites the legend of the death of the fabulist at Delphi. Some citizens of the city were outraged by Aesop's malicious and insulting speeches about their sins and shortcomings, and they decided to punish him.

Secretly, they put a golden cup stolen from the temple into his knapsack. When the pilgrims were searched in connection with the theft, the cup turned out to be in Aesop's things, and for sacrilege he was stoned to death.

Later, the truth came out and the son of the owner of the slave Aesop was paid a ransom for the life of the creator.

Delphi in the minds of the Greeks was a city in which poetry and creativity flourishes, as they were under the auspices of the god Apollo.

In this regard, probably, according to the legend, Aesop was killed here, and his fables gained patronage.

The appearance of the legendary fabulist and character traits

Nothing is known about his appearance, but his image was closely related to creativity. The sharp-tongued slave, allegorically denigrating the rulers of the world, was presented as a man of repulsive appearance, lame or hunchbacked, with monkey features.

An appropriate character was attributed to him - embittered and absurd, but at the same time, wise. This was especially vividly reflected in the anonymous "Biography of Aesop", written in a common language.

Here Aesop acts as a foolish rogue and a wise man, deceiving his master - a brainless philosopher - and the powers that be.

But oddly enough, in this anecdotal work, Aesop's fables themselves do not play an important role, all his jokes and sayings that the character uses in the "Biography" did not have early mentions and did not even correlate with the genre of the fabulist's work.

But this image of a cunning, clever and resourceful slave, servant passed into medieval culture.

Aesop's historicity controversy

In antiquity, no one doubted the reality of the figure of Aesop, only in the 16th century Martin Luther questioned it.

Heritage

Although there is reason to believe that a collection of Aesop's fables was already in use in the 5th century BC, one of the characters of Aristophanes mentions something similar.

The image of Aesop is shrouded in myths and legends, romanticized by both ancient and medieval authors, so it is difficult to say whether such a person was real.

Nevertheless, the works of Aesop and the "Aesopian language" have survived to our time and remain popular and relevant.

Life story
Aesop (Esop) is considered the founder of the fable as a genre, as well as the creator of the artistic language of allegory - the Aesopian language, which has not lost its relevance from ancient times to the present day. In the darkest periods of history, when one could lose one's head for a true word, humanity did not fall into silence just because it had Aesopian language in its arsenal - it could express its thoughts, views, protests in stories from the life of animals, birds, fish .
With the help of fables, Aesop taught mankind the basics of wisdom. “Using animals in the form in which they are still imprinted on heraldic coats of arms, the ancients passed on from generation to generation the great truth of life ... - wrote Gilbert Chesterton. - If the knightly lion is ferocious and terrible, he is indeed ferocious and terrible; if the sacred ibis stands on one leg, it is doomed to stand like that forever.
In this language, arranged like a huge animal alphabet, the most ancient philosophical truths are derived. Just as a child learns the letter "A" on the word "stork", the letter "B" on the word "bull", the letter "B" on the word "wolf", a person learns simple and great truths from simple and strong creatures - heroes of fables " .
And this never silent humanity, which owes so much to Aesop, still does not know for sure whether such a person actually existed, or whether this is a collective person.
According to legend, Aesop was born in the 6th century BC. in Phrygia (Asia Minor), was a slave, and then a freedman. For some time he lived at the court of the Lydian king Croesus in Sardis. Later, while in Delphi, he was accused of sacrilege by the priestly aristocracy and thrown off a cliff.
A whole book of funny stories about his life and adventures has been preserved. Despite the fact that Aesop, according to legend, was ugly and hunchbacked, besides, and foul-mouthed, he became a real hero of folk legends telling about his bold performances against the rich and the nobility, about his shame of the false wisdom of the ruling elites.
In the book of the German archaeologist, historian and art critic Hermann Hafner "Outstanding Portraits of Antiquity" (1984), a drawing is presented on a drinking vessel made in the 5th century BC. in Athens (kept in the Vatican). It grotesquely depicts a hunchback counterpart with a fox, which, judging by the gestures, is telling him something. Scientists believe that the figure depicts Aesop.
In the same book, Hafner claims that in Athens during the reign of Demetrius of Phalers (317-307 BC), the statue of Aesop, created by Lysippus, was placed next to the group of "Seven Wise Men", which indicates the high veneration of the fabulist and two centuries after his death. It is believed that under Demetrius of Phaler, a collection of Aesop's fables, compiled by an unknown person, also appeared. “In such a compiler, apparently, there was something great and human,” as Chesterton rightly noted, “something from the human future and human past ...”
Under the name of Aesop, a collection of 426 fables in prose has been preserved. Among them there are many stories familiar to us. For example, “A hungry fox noticed bunches of grapes hanging on one vine. She wanted to get them, but she could not and left, saying to herself they were still green. Or “The wolf once saw how the shepherds in the hut were eating a sheep. He came close and said, "What a fuss you would make if I did it!"
The fables from this collection were given literary form by writers of different eras. In the 1st century A.D. the Roman poet Phaedrus became famous for this, and in the 2nd century the Greek writer Vabrius. In the Middle Ages, the fables of Aesop and Phaedrus were published in special collections and were very popular. The fabulists of modern times Lafontaine in France, Lessing in Germany, I.I. Khemnitser, A.E. Izmailov, I.A. Krylov in Russia.
Of the Russian prose writers, M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin. His fairy tales "The Wise Piskar", "Karas the Idealist", "The Eagle the Patron" and others are an excellent example of Aesopian craftsmanship.

Many plots of Aesop's short moralizing stories are familiar to everyone from childhood. It is unlikely that anyone has not heard about the fox who stole the cheese from the crow, or about the sons who dug up the entire vineyard in search of treasure.

Aesop was born and lived in the 6th century BC. e. The most famous legends say that, unfortunately, the fabulist was a slave. This theory gained popularity thanks to the works of the historian Herodotus.

Popularity of the fabulist

In ancient Greece, everyone knew who Aesop was. His fables were constantly passed from mouth to mouth, they were part of the school curriculum. It was Aesop who was the first fabulist, who, through the images of animals, described human vices, ridiculed them. He focused on a variety of human weaknesses: pride and greed, laziness and deceit, stupidity and deceit. His sharp, satirical fables often brought listeners to tears. And often even the rulers asked to tell them in order to amuse their audience.

Fables that have come down to us through the centuries

The stories that were invented by Aesop fascinated listeners with their brevity, conciseness, satire and wisdom. Their main object of ridicule was human vices, from which people cannot get rid of to this day. And that's what makes Aesop's works so relevant. Animals and people, birds and insects act in them. Sometimes even the inhabitants of Olympus come across among the acting characters. With the help of his mind, Aesop was able to create a whole world in which people can look at their shortcomings from the outside.

In each of the fables, Aesop shows a brief scene from life. For example, a fox looks at a bunch of grapes, which she can’t get at all. Or a lazy and stupid pig begins to dig up the roots of the tree, the fruits of which have just eaten. But the sons begin to dig up the vineyard, trying to find the treasure that their father supposedly hid on its territory. Getting acquainted with Aesop's fables, the reader easily remembers simple truths that the real treasure is the ability to work, that there is nothing better and worse in the world than language, etc.

Historical information about Aesop

Unfortunately, almost no information has been preserved about who Aesop is and what his life was like. Herodotus writes that he was a slave to a master named Iadmon, who was a resident of the island of Samos. Aesop was a very obstinate worker and often made jokes that other slaves laughed at. At first, the owner was dissatisfied with all this, but then he realized that Aesop really had an extraordinary mind, and decided to let him go.

These are brief data from the biography of Aesop. Another historian, Heraclitus of Pontus, writes that Aesop was from Thrace. His first owner was called Xanthos, and he was a philosopher. But Aesop, who was smarter than him, openly laughed at his attempts to be philosophic. After all, Xanth was very stupid. Almost nothing is known about Aesop's personal life.

Fable and Athenians

Once, Alexander the Great demanded from the inhabitants of the city of Athens to give him the orator Demosthenes, who spoke out against him in very harsh tones. The orator told the townspeople a fable. It said that once a wolf asked the sheep to give him a dog guarding them. When the herd obeyed him, the predator very quickly dealt with them without the dog guarding them. The Athenians understood what the orator meant by this, and did not betray Demosthenes. So Aesop's fable helped the inhabitants of the city to correctly assess the situation. As a result, they united in the fight against the enemy.

All Aesop's fables contain an entertaining story that prompts the listener to think. His creations are filled with morality, which is clear to everyone. After all, the events of fables are based on those events that everyone probably experienced during their lives.

In the future, the creations of the fabulist Aesop were copied many times by other authors who made their own additions to them. Ultimately, these stories were short, tongue-in-cheek, and imaginative. The expression "Aesopian language", which is applied to everything allegorical and mocking, has become a household word.

What was said about the fabulist?

There were legends about who Aesop was. He was often depicted as a short and hunchbacked old man with a lisping voice. Aesop was said to have a repulsive appearance. However, as further analysis showed, this description does not match the data recorded by historians. The description of his appearance is a figment of the imagination of various writers. It was believed that since Aesop was a slave, he had to be constantly beaten and urged - that's why he was depicted as hunchbacked. And since the writers also wanted to show the richness of the inner world of the fabulist, they represented his appearance as ugly and ugly. So they tried to stir up interest in the works of the fabulist, and often in their own, the authorship of which was attributed to Aesop.

And gradually, a huge amount of fictitious information about who Aesop was was woven into the legend of the fabulist. Maxim Planud, the famous Greek writer, even compiled a biography of Aesop. In it, he described him like this: "A freak is a freak, not suitable for work, his head looks like a dirty cauldron, his arms are short, and there is a hump on his back."

Legend of doom

There is even a legend about how the fabulist died. Once the ruler Croesus sent him to Delphi, and when Aesop arrived there, he began, as usual, to teach the locals. They were so outraged by this that they decided to take revenge on him. They put a cup from the temple into the knapsack to the fabulist, and then began to convince the local priests that Aesop was a thief and worthy of execution. No matter how the fabulist tried to prove that he did not steal anything, nothing helped. He was led to a high rock and demanded that he throw himself off it. Aesop did not want such a stupid death, but the evil townspeople insisted. No fabulist could not convince them and threw himself from a height.

Whatever was real biography Aesop, his fables managed to survive the centuries. The total number of fables is more than 400. It is believed that the works were written in the form of poems, but they have not been preserved in this form. These creations are known in every civilized country. In the 17th century, Jean La Fontaine took up their processing, and in the 19th century fables migrated from his works into the Russian language thanks to the work of Krylov.

Biography

Aesop (ancient Greek) is a semi-legendary figure in ancient Greek literature, a fabulist who lived in the 6th century BC. e.

Biography

Whether Aesop was a historical person is impossible to say. There was no scientific tradition about Aesop's life. Herodotus (II, 134) writes that Aesop was a slave of a certain Iadmon from the island of Samos, lived during the time of the Egyptian king Amasis (570-526 BC) and was killed by the Delphians. More than a hundred years later, Heraclides of Pontus writes that Aesop came from Thrace, was a contemporary of Pherekides, and his first owner was called Xanthus, but he extracts this data from the same story of Herodotus by unreliable conclusions. Aristophanes ("Wasps", 1446-1448) already gives details about the death of Aesop - a wandering motif of a thrown cup, which served as a pretext for his accusation, and a fable about an eagle and a beetle, told by him before his death. The comedian Plato (late 5th century) already mentions the posthumous reincarnations of Aesop's soul. The comedian Alexis (end of the 4th century), who wrote the comedy Aesop, confronts his hero with Solon, that is, he already weaves the legend of Aesop into the cycle of legends about the seven wise men and King Croesus. His contemporary Lysippus also knew this version, depicting Aesop at the head of the seven wise men. Slavery at Xanthus, connection with the seven wise men, death from the treachery of the Delphic priests - all these motifs became the links of the subsequent Aesopian legend, the core of which had already taken shape by the end of the 4th century. BC e.

Antiquity did not doubt the historicity of Aesop, the Renaissance for the first time called this question into question (Luther), philology of the 18th century. substantiated this doubt (Richard Bentley), philology of the XIX century. brought it to the limit (Otto Crusius and after him Rutherford asserted the mythical nature of Aesop with the decisiveness characteristic of the hypercriticism of their era), the 20th century began again to lean towards the assumption of the historical prototype of the image of Aesop.

Under the name of Aesop, a collection of fables (of 426 short works) has been preserved in prose. There is reason to believe that in the era of Aristophanes (end of the 5th century), a written collection of Aesopian fables was known in Athens, according to which children were taught at school; “You are an ignorant and lazy person, you haven’t even learned Aesop,” says one character in Aristophanes. These were prosaic retellings, without any artistic finishing. In fact, the so-called Aesop collection includes fables from various eras.

Heritage

Later, Aesop's name became a symbol. His works were passed from mouth to mouth, and in the III century BC. e. were recorded in 10 books by Demetrius of Phaler (c. 350 - c. 283 BC). This collection was lost after the ninth century. n. e. In the era of Emperor Augustus, Phaedrus arranged these fables in Latin iambic verse, Avian, around the 4th century, arranged 42 fables in Latin elegiac distich. About 200 AD e. Babriy outlined them in Greek verses in the size of holiyamb. The writings of Babrius were included by Planud (1260-1310) in his famous collection, which influenced later fabulists. Aesop's Fables, all composed in the Middle Ages. Interest in Aesop's fables was transferred to his personality; in the absence of reliable information about him, they resorted to a legend. The Phrygian rhetorician, who allegorically reviled the powers that be, naturally, seemed to be a quarrelsome and vicious person, like Homer's Thersites, and therefore the portrait of Tersites, depicted in detail by Homer, was also transferred to Aesop. He was represented as hunchbacked, lame, with the face of a monkey - in a word, ugly in every respect and directly opposite to the divine beauty of Apollo; this is how he was depicted in sculpture, by the way - in that interesting sculpture that has survived to us. In the Middle Ages, an anecdotal biography of Aesop was composed in Byzantium, which for a long time was taken as a source of reliable information about him. Aesop is represented here as a slave, sold for a pittance from hand to hand, constantly offended by fellow slaves, overseers, and masters, but who knows how to successfully take revenge on his offenders. This biography not only did not follow from the true tradition of Aesop - it did not even Greek origin. Its source is the Jewish story about the wise Akiria, belonging to the cycle of legends that surrounded the personality of King Solomon among later Jews. The story itself is known mainly from ancient Slavic alterations. Marten Luther discovered that the book of Aesop's fables is not the sole work of one author, but a collection of older and newer fables, and that the traditional image of Aesop is the fruit of a "poetic story". Aesop's fables have been translated (often revised) into many languages of the world, including by the famous fablers Jean La Fontaine and Ivan Krylov.

In Russian, a complete translation of all Aesop's fables was published in 1968.

Some fables

* Camel

* Lamb and Wolf

* Horse and Donkey

* Partridge and Chickens

* Cane and Olive tree

* Eagle and Fox

* Eagle and Jackdaw

* Eagle and Turtle

* Boar and Fox

* Donkey and Horse

* Donkey and Fox

* Donkey and Goat

* Donkey, Rook and Shepherd

* Frog, Rat and Crane

* Fox and Ram

* Fox and Donkey

* Fox and Woodcutter

* Fox and Stork

* Fox and Dove

* Rooster and Diamond

* Rooster and servant

* Deer and Lion

* Shepherd and Wolf

* Dog and Ram

* Dog and piece of meat

* Dog and Wolf

* Lion with other animals on the hunt

* Lion and mouse

* Lion and Bear

* Lion and donkey

* Lion and Mosquito

* Lion and Goat

* Lion, Wolf and Fox

* Lion, Fox and Donkey

* Man and Partridge

* Peacock and Jackdaw

* Wolf and Crane

* Wolf and Shepherds

* Old Lion and Fox

* Wild dog

* Jackdaw and Dove

* Bat

* Frogs and Snake

* Hare and Frogs

* Hen and Swallow

* Crows and other birds

* Crows and Birds

* Lioness and Fox

* Mouse and Frog

* Turtle and Hare

* Snake and Peasant

* Swallow and other birds

* Mouse from the city and Mouse from the countryside

* Bull and Lion

* Pigeon and Crows

* Goat and Shepherd

* Both frogs

* Both chickens

* White Jackdaw

* Wild Goat and grape branch

* Three bulls and a lion

* Chicken and Egg

* Jupiter and Bees

* Jupiter and Snake

* Rook and Fox

* Zeus and Camel

* Two frogs

* Two friends and a Bear

* Two cancers

Aesop is one of the most controversial figures in ancient literature. The lack of scientific evidence about the life of the fabulist casts doubt on his existence. Many ancient Greek historians, such as Herodotus, Heraclid of Pontus, had their own data on how he lived, under what circumstances he died. These data were characterized by such motives that at the end of the 4th century. BC e. became the basis of the Aesopian legend.

All of the above proves that ancient historians and writers never doubted the existence of this fabulist. But the Renaissance, as well as the philology of different centuries, disputed this case, arguing that Aesop is a myth. The twentieth century admits the existence of this writer.

At the end of the 5th century, a collection of centuries-old Aesop's fables was glorified in Athens.

Aesop's fables passed from generation to generation, because his name became symbolic. Demetrius Falevsky collected all the works in 10 books in the 3rd century BC. e., but this collection was lost. Connoisseurs of his art were also interested in the details of the fabulist's personal life. Unknown fragments of his life were filled with legends. It was assumed that Aesop was the owner of a nasty character, and his appearance was compared with a hunchbacked, limping freak. This image has come down to us in the form of sculptures.

There was a version of the poet's biography, the source of which was one of the legends about King Solomon. The version tells us that Aesop was a cheap slave, who was mocked by all and sundry, and whom he skillfully took revenge on.

In many countries, connoisseurs of ancient Greek literature can read fables in the interpretation of such fabulists as I. Krylov and Jean La Fontaine.

In 1986, a Russian-language version of Aesop's fables was published.

Aesop's work left a significant mark on the literary world, and his aphorisms became well known, remaining relevant today. In antiquity, no doubts were expressed about the historicity of the image, but in the 16th century, for the first time, this fact was called into question.

Aesop's biography is legendary, and his origin is shrouded in secrets. According to some reports, he lived around the middle of the 6th century BC. He was allegedly a small slave from Phrygia, with sharp features and a hump.

Despite such external features, Aesop had an amazing gift for words, a sharp mind and a talent for creating fables. What family the future fabulist came from is unknown, and there is also no information about his parents. His homeland is sometimes called Asia Minor, which sounds plausible due to the nature of the name.

According to one version of Aesop's life, the first owner decided to sell a talkative and useless slave of unknown nationality. He was acquired by Xanthus from Samos, whom Aesop struck with witty answers. The ancient Greek philosopher never regretted the acquisition, because thanks to the cunning and inventive slave, Xanthos remained in the memory of generations, because the legend associates many jokes and wisdom with him.

Slave Aesop serves the master and his guest

There is a legend about how Xanthus ordered Aesop to purchase “all the best” that is in the world for the upcoming holiday. And the slave brought only the tongues of various cooking methods and explained to the surprised master that the best thing is the language, because they establish laws and agreements, express wise thoughts.

Xanthus thought about it and the next day asked Aesop to buy "all the worst". And the slave again brought tongues, proving that there is nothing worse: people cheat with them, start quarrels and conflicts. The owner, although angered by the situation that had arisen, admitted that Aesop was right.

Once, after a magnificent celebration, Xanthus boastfully declared that he could drink the sea. On the morning of the next day, the owner of Aesop remembered with horror his own promise. But the slave saved him from disgrace, advising him to set a condition: that the rival block the rivers flowing into the sea, because Xanthus did not promise to drink them too. So the philosopher got out of the predicament and avoided humiliation.

Aesop repeatedly asked Xanth to give him freedom, but he did not want to let go of the wise slave. Everything changed when a strange event happened - an eagle grabbed state seal and released her into the bosom of a slave, and Aesop was asked to explain the incident.

He reacted to the request in a peculiar way: he said that it was not supposed for a slave to advise free people, but if he were fired, he could do it. When the people agreed, Aesop explained that the eagle is a royal bird, which means that the king decided to conquer the city.

Upset residents sent the former slave to the king for reconciliation. The ruler liked Aesop, he made him an adviser and made peace with the inhabitants of the city. The legend says that after that the sage went to the Babylonian and Egyptian kingdoms, met with the sages and wrote many interesting fables.

Creation

Aesop became famous not only for quotations and parables, he is considered the first fabulist, because it was Aesop who became the founder of this genre. A fable is a short poetic story with instructive content. The characters are different animals and plants, in the actions of which human vices are seen and ridiculed. This hidden subtext of the work is called the Aesopian language.

Books from ancient Greece have survived to our time, containing short fables, the authorship of which was attributed to Aesop. Today's readers know these works in adaptations by Gulak-Artemovsky and other fabulists.

It is estimated that the Greek poet used about 80 animals and 30 gods, mythical images and representatives of various professions in his work.

Illustration for Aesop's fable "The Fox and the Grapes"

Aesop distinguishes an interesting fable about a cunning donkey: once an animal crossed a river with a load in the form of bags of salt. But the donkey could not stay on the flimsy bridge and fell: the salt dissolved, and it became easier to walk. The donkey was delighted and the next time he fell on purpose, but the load was wool, which swelled from the water, and the donkey drowned. The moral of this fable is that ill-conceived cunning is fatal.

Such folk wisdom common sense and hopes for justice, expressed in a witty way, made Aesop's work immortal.

Personal life

There are several references that say that Aesop's beloved was from Thrace and was in slavery to Iadmon. According to one version of the legend, Rhodopis and Aesop had a secret love affair.

In an unspecified period, the biography of Rhodopis took the form of a fairy tale about. In one of the variations retold by Strabo, when Rhodopis was bathing, an eagle stole the girl's sandal. At this time, the king was holding court in the open air, and an eagle, hovering over his head, threw a sandal on his knees. The astonished king ordered his subjects to go in search of the girl who had lost her shoes. And, according to legend, when she was found, Rhodopis became the wife of the king.

Death

Death overtook Aesop at Delphi, the legend of this time is being restored according to Herodotus and, combining with later evidence.

It is believed that while in Delphi, Aesop, with his slander, aroused the anger of several citizens who decided to punish him. To do this, the Delphians stole a golden thicket from the temple utensils and put it in Aesop's travel bag while he did not see. The sage was searched, found missing and, like a sacrilegious, stoned to death.

After many years, the innocence of the fabulist was discovered, and the descendants of his murderers paid the vir, for which the grandson of that Iadmon, who was considered the first master of Aesop, arrived.