DIY budget garden house. DIY country house: diagrams and instructions on how to build a country house

After you have purchased a small plot of six acres, it is extremely important to develop a design for the house and its location. In this case, it is necessary to plan everything in a complex, since different types of landscape design require certain conditions for the choice of material for building construction.

If living in a house is not expected during the cold season, it makes sense to consider options for building a small house. This will significantly save the area of the site for planting or create a unique landscape design.

Before construction, it is important to study all the main requirements for the construction of objects on a land plot:

Buildings should be located no closer than five meters from the border of the site and three meters from the neighbors’ territory.
The distance between your house and neighboring buildings should not exceed six meters.
Site fencing should be erected to a height of no more than one and a half meters.
Toilet and cesspools can be located at a distance of no closer than fifteen meters from residential buildings or water sources (wells, boreholes).

Which house project to choose?

Before starting construction work, you need to decide on the size of the house. The most relevant size can be considered if the building contains:

Living room (or several rooms).
Kitchen.
Terrace (open or closed veranda).

Conventionally, all house projects can be divided into three types:

Country house with a bathhouse under one roof

Projects for houses with a bathhouse are mainly made in two versions. Each of which must meet the main requirement - the combination of two buildings with different functions.

In the first option, the steam room and washing department are located on the first floor, and the rest room is located on the second.

When using the second method, a bathhouse is attached to a residential building. It can be placed directly next to the house or connected to it with a small vestibule.

What these methods have in common is the presence of one roof.

It is important to understand that when building such a structure it is necessary to use additional heat and waterproofing materials.

The undoubted advantage of such buildings is the possibility of creating a unified communication system. This will allow you to use the sauna all year round without the need to carry water and firewood.

Dimensions of residential buildings

The smallest residential country buildings are 4 by 4 m in size; there is no point in making houses with a smaller area. The layout of this option is very simple - one room.

Such houses can differ from each other only in the number of windows and location in relation to the cardinal directions. It is advisable to place doors in the middle or at the end of the building. Area about 16 square meters.

A building measuring 6 x 3 m will be slightly larger, approximately 18 square meters. You can already include a place for cooking in the layout.

The above options are unlikely to be optimal. Timber or log houses measuring 6 x 3 m are much more in demand among summer residents. This is explained simply - the length of the timber (log) is six meters.

In addition, you can already design a small kitchen in the house. In a country house measuring 6 x 4 m, you can build a small vestibule (or bathroom).

If we talk about residential buildings 6 x 4 m, then it is quite possible to place another room or living room.

Materials used to build country houses and their durability

Frame houses.

The most common construction method. According to statistics, more than seventy percent of country houses are frame or panel. They are erected quite quickly, during the summer season. The minimum construction time, without finishing and installing the foundation, can be one and a half months.

The frame is sheathed on the inside and outside with inexpensive material (plywood, OSB or lining).

Insulation is placed between the sheathing material. Advantages - the ability to complete and rebuild the structure. A good option in terms of price/quality ratio. If construction technology is followed and regularly treated with special antiseptic compounds, it is quite durable.

Log houses.

The second most common construction method. When purchasing a ready-made log house (taking into account the time required to build the foundation), it is realistic to build a house within 3-4 months.

Important! It will take approximately six months for the building to shrink.

You can build a house yourself; the process of constructing the structure is not complicated. Like any wooden building, the house can be easily completed or redesigned. Durable, subject to treatment with bioprotective materials. It is environmentally friendly and can last for decades if properly used.

Not a bad option. The truth will require close attention to the assembly process. If all recommendations of professionals are followed, the owner has the right to count on warm and reliable housing.

Country houses made of timber.

A very popular method. Solid, profiled timber is used in construction.

Assembly is carried out from ready-made beams, so the construction period will be 2-3 months. Taking into account the laying of the foundation. As in the case of log houses, the time for shrinkage will be about six months. As a rule, houses are made and assembled by professionals.

If you decide to build such a house yourself, there is no guarantee from the manufacturer. Advantages – warm; reliable; do not require finishing; possibility of modernization; durability; environmental friendliness; beautiful appearance. The disadvantage is the high cost.

Brick projects.

Brick structures are not afraid of temperature changes and unfavorable natural factors (precipitation, strong wind). However, this method has a number of disadvantages: brick is a rather expensive building material; The process of building a house can take a long time. Advantage - the service life of a brick cottage can be several decades without special preventive measures.

Important! When constructing such buildings, special attention must be paid to the optimal temperature conditions - high humidity is unacceptable.

In addition, due to the significant mass of bricks, the construction of a capital foundation is mandatory. The best option is a monolithic base.

Houses made of gas silicate blocks.

The main reason for choosing this material is its low price. About twice as cheap as brick.

Important! The blocks are fragile, so you need to be especially careful when transporting them.

Used in the construction of external walls. External cladding will be required, since the appearance of a bare house is not presentable. It is best to use materials that have increased moisture resistance and resistance to deformation. For example: siding or facing clinker bricks.

Low price of material. The mass of the block directly depends on the quality of the cement mortar used in its production. The maximum number of floors is 2-3.

Advantages – frost resistance; safety; low thermal conductivity; ease of processing; acceptable sound insulation; speed of construction.

Flaws:

specific choice of finishing products; not all materials are suitable;
inability to screw in self-tapping screws, since the blocks have a cellular structure;
increased requirements for moisture insulation.

Sibit houses.

Sibit is a type of aerated concrete. It is particularly durable and resembles wood in some of its properties. The material is lightweight and retains heat well. The thermal insulation properties are three times greater than brick.

low strength of the material;
Heavy cabinets and shelves should not be hung on partitions and walls (special fastenings will be required).

Thus, we can conclude that the most economical option is frame houses.

Approximate prices for country houses

When choosing the option with a frame or frame-panel house, the approximate price will be from 11 thousand rubles per square meter. Construction of a wooden house box will cost about 13,000 rubles. for one m2. For a building made of foam concrete blocks you will have to pay from 15 thousand rubles. for 1 m2. Brick house – 18,000/m2. Thus, knowing the total area of the designed house, it will not be difficult to calculate the final cost of construction. But these are only the costs of building walls. To this amount it will be necessary to add funds for laying the foundation, insulation, costs of laying the roof, and interior decoration of the premises.

In Moscow and the Moscow region there are a huge number of offers for the sale of ready-made turnkey country houses. Example: a house with dimensions width/depth/height - 6000/6000/3020 made of laminated veneer lumber is sold at a price of 367,000 rubles.

The final cost of the house depends on your preferences regarding the choice of additional options and can double or even triple.

Choosing a foundation

Columnar foundation- one of the most common. Consists of pillars buried in the ground. The upper part protruding outwards is aligned horizontally.

Poles should be installed at the corners of the building, under walls and partitions. It is recommended to maintain a distance between them of 1-2.5 meters. The pillars are usually made of bricks or concrete blocks. It is used in the construction of frame-panel structures, houses made of logs and timber.

efficiency;
speed of construction;

used only for light buildings;
cannot be used on moving soils.

Strip foundation completely repeats the outline of the house, and ensures the stability and reliability of the structure. It is a strip of reinforced concrete or brick. One part of such a foundation is in the ground, the other on the surface. This allows you to build garages or cellars under the structure. But only if a recessed type of foundation is used. Conventionally, such a foundation is divided into shallow (50-80 cm) and deep (over 80 cm).

Used in the construction of any type of dachas.

reliability and durability;
high load-bearing capacity;
wide scope of application.

relatively high price:
labor intensity.

driving;
printed;
drilling;
screw.

They are driven or screwed into the soil until they rest against a dense layer of earth.

Monolithic foundation– a reinforced base laid on a specially equipped bed of gravel and sand. Suitable for absolutely any soil, will withstand the load from any country house. There is only one drawback - the high price.

Even a small country house should have at least a kitchen and a recreation room. If you plan to spend the whole summer outside the city, in addition to often receiving guests, it makes sense to build a full-fledged building with all the amenities. We invite you to look at photos of country house projects.

Basic requirements of SNiP

The requirements for a building located on a garden plot are less stringent than for a residential building. However, if during the construction process you create discomfort for your neighbors, you may be forced to demolish the finished building.

Therefore, before choosing a project, you should familiarize yourself with the basic requirements of SNiP:

even on a small plot, the building can only be located at a distance of 3 m from the neighbor’s fence
the minimum distance from public territory (road) is also 3 m, and if there is a passage 5 m
if there are other buildings on your site, in order to reduce the risk of their fire, the distance between block or stone buildings is left at least 6 m, between a stone and a wooden building 10 m, if both buildings are wooden - 15 m; when using wood only as a ceiling - 8 m
if there is a nearby power line, the distance from it is from 10 m; from the high-voltage line it is even greater, up to 40 m
a certain distance (up to 4 m) must be retreated from tree trunks; 2 m is sufficient from low-growing trees.

Don't forget about building density. With standard dacha plot sizes of 6-10 acres, you have the right to occupy no more than 30% of the area with buildings.

The territory must have a mesh or lattice fence 1.5 m high. Solid fences are allowed only if this is agreed upon by the meeting of gardening members or both neighbors agree to this.

Do I need any permission?

According to Art. 51 clause 1 part 17 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, if the building is not intended for permanent residence, no special construction permit is required. But to obtain ownership rights to an already built garden house, as well as to other outbuildings, you will need to issue a cadastral passport and register with the Registration Chamber (according to a simplified scheme).

If it is planned to erect a residential building on a garden plot with the right to register in it, then it will be necessary to obtain a special permit signed by the executive authorities and a construction passport. As well as permission from the fire inspectorate. In the future, registration of ownership of the building will also be required.

Even a small building should last long enough

To make your country house as comfortable as possible, you should listen to the opinions of experts:

No matter how much you would like to build something unusual on your site, with little construction experience it is better to settle on a universal project that has already been tested over the years
when planning, you should immediately determine the size of the rooms and their location; this will allow you to immediately determine the supply of communications (sewage and water supply), which are laid at the stage of building the foundation
In order to save your own money, the design of even a temporary building must be thought out so that in the future it can be used as a bathhouse, barn or summer kitchen
be sure to take into account the possibility of further adding additional premises to the building: verandas, terraces, bathhouses and other buildings
even in a small house it is worth providing not only a relaxation room, but also a kitchen area
in the absence of other buildings, a separate place should be allocated for placing garden tools
the building must be durable enough to last at least 25-30 years

How much will construction cost?

Regardless of the size of the future garden house, before starting construction you will need to calculate the cost of its construction. To do this you need to think about:

Main settings: length, width and height of the building
type of foundation and its height
the type of materials used to construct the walls and their thickness
roof type
materials used for flooring
dimensions of each room
heating methods (if planned)
types of finishing materials
communication methods: electricity, sewerage, etc.

There are enough programs on the Internet that can calculate the approximate cost of construction of any type of building. Most of them have a free trial period. You can also use online calculators for calculations. Please note that the cost of materials may differ from those in your region of residence.

Since prices during the construction of a country house may increase if construction is planned for a long time, It is better to include a reserve of at least 10-20% of the total cost in the estimate. When calculating the cost, do not forget that such “little things” as roofing bolts, screws, primer, and plaster will also require considerable expenses.

It is better to purchase materials in one place - bulk purchases will be much cheaper.

Choosing a location on the site

Choosing the optimal location on the site

First you need to draw up a scale plan of the estate and mark the cardinal directions on it. We immediately mark on it existing buildings and large plants that are not subject to demolition. We shade all restricted areas on the plan (distances from the fence, power lines, etc.).

You should also not locate the building near compost pits and toilets - with the slightest breeze, unpleasant odors will enter the house. We mark favorable zones in dotted lines. Try to plan the site in such a way that even after construction there will be space for outbuildings (if they are needed), recreation areas, for example, a swimming pool, gazebos, playgrounds, etc.

In addition to the distances from neighboring buildings and roads established by SNiP, you should also focus on other factors:

It is better to locate a country house closer to access roads and sources of communications: loading and unloading crops and household items will not be a big problem in this case, and connecting to power supply and other communications will be cheaper
wind direction: to prevent the building from drying out quickly, you should not place windows and doors on the side of the prevailing winds
When the windows face south or east, the room will quickly overheat in the summer; it is better if the sun hits them in the afternoon
so that groundwater does not destroy the foundation of the building, the house is located on the most elevated place; on wetlands, if there is no alternative, you will need to consider a reliable drainage system and waterproofing the foundation
Pay attention to the appearance from the window, because comfort always comes from such little things.

Take your time choosing a project. Start development at least six months before the start of construction so that you have the opportunity to think it through thoroughly and make calculations without rushing.

We are drawing up a project

Of course, the design of a country house can be ordered from a specialized organization, but the prices for such services are considerable. When building a small house, it is much easier to use ready-made diagrams, which are abundant on the Internet, and supplement them with your own calculations.

Building plan

You will need several drawings. The first one indicates the location of all rooms, entrances and window openings, as well as the thickness of walls and partitions. The second figure shows the layout of the foundation and the roofing scheme.

Small building project

It is impractical to build too large a structure on 3-6 acres of land– it will take up most of the site. A grandiose structure is not required even if you spend little time at the dacha. In some cases, a small building without a foundation and assembled from boards or even plywood is sufficient. However, such a house will not last long.

Inexpensive panel or foam block buildings on a pile foundation will cost a minimal amount and will even go to your grandchildren. A small country house can have a standard size of 3x3 or 4x4 m, and it will even be possible to provide a separate small walk-through kitchen-dining room. The second room will have one or two sleeping places.

A small house may have only one room with space for kitchen cabinets, a dining table and a sleeping area. But even for a small country house, it makes sense to attach a winter glazed veranda or terrace along the long side of the building, 2 m long. The veranda is built on a common foundation or the foundation for it is poured separately.

Such a house can be made with a summer or winter attic. A medium-sized building will occupy a minimum of free space on the land plot, while the living area will increase. If there is an attic, bedrooms are located in it, and on the ground floor there is a kitchen and a bathroom.

It is better to complement such a building with a veranda or terrace, where you can comfortably settle down to relax in the evening. For better heat retention, a vestibule can be provided in front of the entrance. A small summer shower will fit perfectly on the veranda.

If lightweight timber is used to build walls, and there are no problems with the soil (it is not too wet or loose, and groundwater does not rise too high), it is sufficient to erect a strip foundation. The foundation for the stove is prepared simultaneously with the foundation of the house. For a veranda, a columnar base will be sufficient.

For a log house made of 150x150 timber, a strip of foundation 25 cm wide is prepared. The terrace is installed separately on pillars with a cross-section of 25 cm, buried in the ground at a distance of 60 cm. When building in marshy areas or erecting brick walls, you will need a full-fledged deeply buried foundation.

To save money, the foundation for the veranda can be made as a separate lightweight foundation (column or pile). It can be added after construction is completed. But the option with a separate foundation is suitable only if there is soil that is not prone to movement, otherwise the foundation will move.

Large house project

If the family is large and the country house is planned to be used as a residential one, including in winter, it makes sense to build a permanent building from rounded logs, timber or even brick according to ready-made designs measuring 5.3x8.4 m, 7x8.4 m, 10x8 m and more. You can also order the development of your own non-standard project.

Such houses require a full strip foundation. It is laid below the freezing point of the soil, so that when seasonal temperatures change, movement and deformation of the structure does not occur.

A large country house can be two-story or consist of one floor and an insulated attic. It will have enough space not only for residents, but also for guests. On the ground floor there is a kitchen, bathroom and living room, and on the second floor there are bedrooms, children's rooms, an office and other rooms if necessary.

To avoid unnecessary problems with the supply of water, gas and sewerage, it is not worth moving the bathroom and cooking room to the second floor. It is also customary to arrange the living room on the ground floor, near the kitchen and away from the bedrooms.

If the building is planned to be used all year round, it is better to build not an attic, but a full second floor. Otherwise, almost the same amount of money will be spent on its insulation, wind and vapor barrier as on the construction of the second floor. It is also necessary to take into account heating costs - in the winter cold, solid walls will store heat much better than even well-insulated thin attic walls.

House with an attic

A country house with an attic will cost less than the construction of a full-fledged two-story building only if it will be used only in the summer. But even when arranging it you will need insulation. Otherwise, on sunny days it will be too hot. The heat insulation layer is made slightly thinner than for winter use.

If only the first floor is heated, only the walls of the building and the ceiling are insulated, leaving the attic cold. The door/lid intended for access to the upper floor is made as tight as possible and additionally insulated.

When constructing a conventional gable roof, the living space in the attic will not be enough. To increase the free space, the roof is made broken. However, its construction is more complex, and more materials will be required.

Another way to expand the space in the attic is to raise the walls just above the first floor. Such houses are called “one-and-a-half story houses.” By raising the walls, the area of the premises will increase slightly.

Project of a house with a glazed veranda

The veranda can be attached to only one side of the house or run along two or even three walls. On heaving soils, it is better to build the foundation for it simultaneously with the foundation of the house. After all, when making a separate shallow foundation, you will gain only 1-2 m.

Most often, the veranda is completely glazed or the lower half of the wall is covered, and double-glazed windows or single frames are inserted along the top. You will receive a full-fledged room in which you can equip a dining room, living room or kitchen. In the warm season, the windows can be opened wide.

The veranda can also serve as a continuation of the living room. It can also be equipped with a small sports corner, a children's playroom or even an office.

House with terrace

On the covered terrace you can not only sit down for tea on a warm summer evening. On hot or rainy days, you can use it to do some current chores without littering the house. Often it is built upon completion of the main construction on a separate columnar foundation.

The garage is built as an extension to the house or is located on the ground floor. The walls and foundation can be made of brick or concrete blocks. If the soil is wet or loose, the house is installed on a reinforced concrete pad.

Two-storey house

If the family is large enough, and the size of the plot does not allow building a large country house, it makes sense to build a two-story building. In this case, you will be able to squeeze the maximum benefit out of even a small piece of land. The size of such a structure can be any from 4x4 m to 10x10 m or more.

The construction of a second floor will not cost much more. The load on the foundation increases by only 60%. Costs for flooring and roofing do not increase at all. Only the cost of materials for walls and floor coverings will be added. Thus, a square meter of area will cost less than in the case of a one-story building.

Experts do not advise overloading houses made of timber with an additional floor. It has enough advantages, but its strength has limits.

Country house combined with a bathhouse or sauna

If the land plot does not allow you to allocate a separate place for the construction of a bathhouse, it is quite possible to attach it to a country house. Such a project is also economically beneficial - after all, much more building materials will be needed for a separate building. There will be no need for separate communications - light and water supply.

Very often, a bathhouse or sauna is added to a house after construction is completed. The foundation for it is selected depending on the type of soil and the total weight of the building. To protect against moisture, the walls are carefully waterproofed.

Even if a bathhouse is being built simultaneously with a residential building, the foundation for it is made separate so that due to the difference in humidity, cracks do not appear and it does not move away from the general structure. The foundation must be built separately from the foundation of the house.

Indeed, due to high humidity, cracks may appear in it, and the base of the bathhouse will begin to move away from the foundation of the entire structure. Sewer and water supply pipes are laid in it. A separate drainage pit is prepared at a distance of at least 3-5 m from the foundation.

To prevent moisture from entering the room, the entrances to the bathhouse or sauna and the house are made separate. Between them you can build a covered corridor-transition, veranda, gazebo, or at least a canopy - in this case, when moving from the bathhouse to the house in winter, the likelihood of catching a cold is reduced. Since baths and saunas are a source of high humidity, you should carefully consider the ventilation system and waterproofing of the room.

In addition to ventilation holes, it is advisable to provide a window or small window for ventilation. The most acceptable option is to connect the steam room to a wall with a stove located in the house. In this case, the bathhouse or sauna will dry out much faster.

House with bay window

A bay window is a small part of a room protruding beyond the facade. Such structures will look ridiculous against the background of a building of a regular shape. A bay window will look harmonious only if there is a complex architecture, an unusual shape of windows, a roof or an entrance lobby.

It can be built into only one of the floors or pass through two floors at once. The bay window can have any shape: from semicircular to trapezoidal or pentagonal. With its help, it is possible to expand the area of the building - in such extensions there are dining areas, winter gardens or work rooms.

In the absence of experience in construction, it is hardly possible to create such a structure, and the project will need to be ordered from specialists. However, such a house looks very unusual.

It is possible to attach a bay window after the construction of the country house. In this case, cantilever slabs are used as the foundation, which are built into the load-bearing wall. Such a foundation is buried to the same level as the foundation of the entire house. To lay out shaped protrusions, brick or profiled timber with a special locking system is most often used.

The protruding elements of the bay window lead to a weakening of the rigidity of the entire structure, so the frame of the house must be strengthened.

How much will it cost to purchase a finished building?

If you have no experience in construction, it makes sense to purchase a ready-made turnkey building. Depending on the allocated amount, you can buy either a simple panel structure or a full-fledged structure made of timber or logs. Since the cost of materials in each region may vary, it is better to find out the prices for such houses on the relevant websites.

For example, a small house made of 3x3 m timber with clapboard cladding will cost 60 thousand rubles.
An average-sized building of 5x3 m will cost about 10 thousand rubles.
A full-fledged log house with a veranda can be purchased for 270 thousand rubles.

Materials used for construction

The choice of foundation type depends on the type of soil and the total weight of the structure:

columnar or pile foundations made from concrete blocks, bricks, reinforced concrete, rubble stone in increments of 1-2.5 m; to combine them into one structure that serves as the support of the house, a grillage made of wood or metal is used; the most economical option, more suitable for light timber or frame buildings, log houses; in country construction, screw piles are mainly used; driven, driven and drilled piles are used less frequently;
strip foundation: a more durable support made of reinforced concrete, brick or rubble, such a tape runs along the entire perimeter of the house and internal partitions; is divided into two types: shallowly buried in the ground at 40-70 cm and deeply buried (used for heaving soils) 1.5-1.8 m below the freezing level; strip bases can be used for any type of house from cast, block to brick;
slab base in the form of a monolithic reinforced slab located on a sand and gravel bed; when the soil heaves, such a foundation is capable of lowering and rising without any deformation; such a base simultaneously serves as a subfloor; Suitable for all types of buildings, including large ones.

A columnar foundation on loose soils or with close groundwater passage is unacceptable. In these cases, strip foundations are used.

Most types of foundations are built on a 20-30 cm sand and gravel cushion, which protects the foundation from groundwater and capillary moisture. It is especially important in the presence of heaving (peaty and clayey) soil, which, when frozen, changes its volume and rises to the top. In the absence of a sand and gravel substrate, this can lead to warping of the foundation and cracking of the walls.

This cushion also helps to perfectly level the base before pouring the foundation. With its help, the pressure of the building on the ground is distributed more evenly. If it is absent and the structure settles unevenly, it may simply warp. Such a pillow is not made only on sandy soils or very wetlands.

When laying the foundation, sewerage and water supply pipes are immediately laid. Their depth is 0.5 m below the freezing point of the soil. If this is not possible, the pipes are additionally insulated. To ensure gravity flow of liquid, they are laid at a slight inclination of 4-7°.

Wall materials

The choice of materials for the walls of a country house depends on many factors: personal preferences, region of construction, duration of residence (all year round or only in the summer), project requirements and, of course, the allocated amount:

frame or panel buildings: their main advantages are low cost and ease of construction; The disadvantages include high flammability, low wind resistance and poor thermal insulation - a few years after the shrinkage of mineral wool or polystyrene foam laid between the frame posts, it will be difficult to heat the house; service life 30-40 years;
slag-cast: inexpensive buildings, for arranging the walls, formwork is prepared into which a mixture of cement and coal slag is poured; this method was even used in the construction of residential buildings several decades ago; the main disadvantage of this material is its low moisture resistance: inside such rooms, due to dampness, fungus quickly grows; service life up to 50-70 years;
lightweight houses made of gas or foam blocks: these inexpensive materials are 8 times larger than ordinary bricks, so the construction of the building will be quick, in addition, the blocks are easy to saw or drill; due to their high porosity they have high heat and sound insulation; the service life of aerated concrete is up to 50-80 years, foam blocks are slightly lower;
sandwich panel houses: unlike frame and panel panels, the strength element in them is not racks and crossbars, but the panel itself, filled with polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam or mineral wool. Such structures do not require assembly - fragments of the future building are delivered ready-made, all that remains is to assemble them; although such products are more expensive than panel and frame products, the disadvantages are the same - high flammability and short service life; although manufacturers claim that such a house can last up to a hundred years, in practice, within a couple of decades after the insulation shrinks, it will be problematic to live in the house permanently;
houses made of timber or log cabins: durable eco-friendly building; excellent heat retention; service life 100 years or more; garden houses made of timber can be purchased ready-made, “turnkey”;
brick or stone buildings: their construction will cost much more, but they will last 100-150 years or more.

Roof

For an inexpensive country house, it would be optimal to use a roof made of metal tiles or corrugated sheets. Such a roof is quite durable and not afraid of bad weather and can last up to 40 years. Rolled metal coated with a colored protective film looks quite aesthetically pleasing. Metal tiles are more convenient when arranging roofs of complex shapes.

The disadvantages of these two materials include a high noise level during rain or wind - the impact of every drop will be heard in the room. That is why it is worth considering soundproofing the ceiling.

Inexpensive polystyrene foam is a good heat insulator, but there is no point in using it as a sound insulator - it conducts sounds quite well. In addition, this material is flammable.

When using roofing felt as a roof, it is better to choose a material with an additional protective coating in the form of abrasive chips - it will last longer. However, the service life of inexpensive bitumen-based materials is short and is only 12-15 years. For euroroofing felt based on fiberglass, it lasts a little longer - 20-30 years.

The most optimal material for the roof of a building used not only in summer, but also in winter, is slate. At a relatively low cost, it has excellent characteristics - it is not afraid of temperature changes, is chemically resistant, and its actual service life is up to 30-40 years. However, slate weighs a lot and increases the load on the foundation, so this fact must be taken into account when laying the foundation.

Arrangement of partitions

There is a rule in construction: partitions should not exceed the weight of load-bearing walls. The simplest inexpensive structures are frame, panel or plank. It is better not to use drywall in an unheated building - it quickly absorbs moisture and will warp over time.

In such a house it is better to use ordinary partitions made of boards, then covered with shingles and plastered with lime. Any types of partitions are installed only on the subfloor. After installing the frame, which is attached to the frames to the floor and ceiling, heat insulators are laid inside, with the help of which heat is more evenly distributed indoors.

When constructing walls from timber or logs, the arrangement of partitions begins only after the wood has settled. The timber will settle for at least 6 months, but it will take at least a year for the logs to dry out. Glued laminated timber almost does not shrink, so the installation of partitions can begin immediately after construction is completed.

Facade finishing

Facade plaster

Cinder block houses or cinder-cast structures can simply be plastered and then painted with façade paint. Frame houses are covered with wood, finished with siding, block house (log panels) or thermal panels. It is also possible to plaster them.

If you have available funds, you can clad your country house with a ventilated facade with porcelain tiles or bricks. However, the cost of these materials cannot be called democratic.

Insulation

If a heated building is not insulated sufficiently, this will lead not only to increased costs for coal or gas, but also to the appearance of condensation in the premises due to high temperature differences. Protecting the building from temperature changes and excess moisture by installing insulation will significantly extend its service life.

It is better to insulate a building only from the facade side, so that the dew point (the temperature at which water vapor turns into water) does not move inside the building. You will need to insulate both the foundation, the ceiling above the basement (between the joists or under the screed), the attic floor, and the walls themselves.

As a heat insulator, you can use inexpensive polystyrene foam, polystyrene foam, mineral wool, sawdust or expanded clay. The last two are used as foundation insulation and attic backfill. Extruded polystyrene foam, resistant to rotting, can be used both for thermal insulation of walls and insulation of the foundation of a house.

To insulate the walls, a frame is prepared, between which waterproofing and a layer of insulation are laid. It is recommended to install a film on top of the heat insulator to serve as a wind barrier. Next, the frame is covered with any finishing material.

It is the dream of any city dweller to have a house outside the city, where one can take a break from the bustle of the city and breathe fresh air. One day spent in such a place gives you a supply of energy for the entire working week. But not everyone can afford to have such a house.

In this case, people with a limited budget can either buy a ready-made frame garden house or build a garden house with their own hands.

If you decide to buy a ready-made small country house, then there is currently a large selection of such houses on the construction market. There are options for small frame houses that are perfect for placing them on a summer cottage, in a garden or in any place for organizing active recreation.

These frame houses are well insulated, so you can save on heating them, since the costs are minimal.

Large houses are perfect for the role of a country cottage. Companies that manufacture garden houses not only offer ready-made houses, but can also build a house according to the customer’s individual design.

Below are examples of finished houses.

There are many options for using these houses as garden houses, fishing houses, and for equipment. To make the houses that are presented below, wood was used that was treated with special means, so they are highly durable, reliable, environmentally friendly and durable.

Depending on the size, a frame garden house can have different purposes. A small house can be used as storage space for storing household equipment. It is possible to make a house to order according to an individual project.

Selection of materials and step-by-step construction

Before you start building a frame garden house with your own hands, it is important to think about what materials will be used and calculate the required quantity. To build a frame house, you need to prepare the following building materials:

timber for constructing the frame;
edged board;
insulation;
polyurethane foam;
roofing felt;
hydro- and vapor barrier;
fastening material.

For a lightweight frame structure, you can use a columnar foundation. If you build the foundation yourself, the cost of the work will be about 10 thousand rubles. When installing a strip foundation, it will take more time, but the foundation will be more reliable and durable. The cost of such a foundation will be 15-20 thousand rubles.

The amount of building material for the walls of a frame house depends on the size of the future house. For example, you can take a house 2.8 m high, 10 m long, 8 m wide. Using these parameters, the number of vertical posts for the house frame will be calculated. The perimeter of the house is 36 m.

The racks should be located at a distance of 50 cm from each other. If you use timber with a cross section of 10*15 cm for the racks, then you will need about 4 cubes of timber. To construct the base and the final connection, you will need 3 more cubes, for a total of 7 cubes.

If you use an edged board 3 m long, 15 cm wide and 2.5 cm thick to cover the walls, you will need 4.65 cubic meters of board.
The cost of the frame with walls, partitions, door and window frames will be approximately 70-80 thousand rubles.
You will have to spend about 20-25 thousand rubles on interior decoration with the cost of materials and hired specialists.

Thus, a lightweight frame house for a summer residence will cost about 250-300 thousand rubles.

Having decided to own a country house, you need to decide which house is best to build. You can buy ready-made. The construction market now has a large selection of companies that sell ready-made houses or build according to individual projects to order.

But if you have a little experience in construction work, then you can build a house with your own hands, embodying all your fantasies in it. In addition, you will be able to save on construction costs.

To realize your dream, the ideal option is to build a frame house. Such a house can be erected very quickly, is cheap, and besides, anyone can build it with their own hands.

Garden house design

Usually we build frame garden houses either from plywood or timber. Below we will consider both construction options.

From plywood

It is believed that the simplest in assembly and design is a frame country house made of plywood. Its construction lasts literally a week. If you give it a beautiful exterior finish, for example, with wooden lining, then it will have a quite presentable appearance.

The list of materials for building a house depends on the personal preferences, tastes and financial capabilities of the owner. Therefore, only an approximate list will be considered.

The following tools should be prepared:

saw;
screwdriver;
drill;
hammer;
roulette;
building level;
plumb line;
set of screwdrivers and drills.

Materials you need to purchase:

cement and sand;
waterproofing - roofing felt;
4-meter board measuring 5x20 for mounting floors and frame rafters;
4-meter board measuring 5x15 for the construction of load-bearing frame walls;
4-meter board measuring 5x10 for internal partitions;
plywood;
OSB sheets;
mineral wool as a heat insulator;
flooring;
thick board for the floor;
drywall;
fastening material.

Foundation construction. At the beginning of any construction, we build the foundation. Since frame houses are lightweight, a strip or column foundation is suitable for them. For a small garden house it is better to use a pillar foundation. To build the foundation you will need a garden drill. With its help, holes are made about 1.6 m deep in increments of 2 m. Posts are inserted into these holes.

To make the structure stable, a sand cushion about 0.2 m high is made. Before inserting the pillars, it is necessary to waterproof the holes using roofing felt. Cuffs are placed over the holes, and then everything is filled with solution.

Construction of the frame. The basis of the frame is the lower frame. It is carried out with beams along the entire perimeter of the future building. The lower part of the frame and joists should be treated with an antiseptic to protect the wood from fungus and insects.

It is important to protect the wood from rotting by placing a waterproofing layer between the foundation and the wood. Next, vertical supports are installed, which determine the height of the future structure.

You should not make the house too high, as it will be difficult to heat it later.

Thick boards are used to construct the subfloor.

Covering the frame with plywood. When covering walls, it is necessary to perform thermal insulation using insulation. The outside of the house is sheathed with plywood, which is secured with self-tapping screws. Interior finishing is done with plasterboard, plywood, chipboard or fiberboard. Before installing a clean floor, insulation should be done. Linoleum or floorboards can be used as flooring.

Roof installation. To erect a roof, rafters must be installed. To speed up installation, racks 1.5 m high should be installed in the center. A beam is attached to the racks, which is joined at the edges at an angle of 50 degrees using an end connection.

Rafters are installed on the resulting structure. You can install the roof yourself in one day. You can choose any roofing material; it depends on personal preferences and financial capabilities. For the house in question, galvanized iron is suitable.

From timber

The technologies for constructing a frame garden house made of timber and a house made of plywood are similar. Similarly, first of all, the foundation is made: columnar or strip. A columnar foundation is chosen for a small house.

It is possible to use concrete slabs laid on a sand cushion and buried 15 cm into the soil. Roofing felt is laid on the built foundation for waterproofing.

After the foundation, the frame is erected. First, the lower frame and logs are laid on the foundation, then the vertical supports are installed. The construction of the frame takes a little time, but the structure is strong and durable.

There is an option for a garden house with a veranda. To do this, you need to extend the lower logs to the length of the proposed veranda, using additional supports.

The subfloor is laid with thick boards. For thermal insulation, the floor is first covered with insulation, then hydro- and vapor barrier is performed, for example, with glassine. For flooring, you can use thick linoleum or floorboards.

Following the installation of the floor, the walls are made of timber. The connections are fastened with dowels. Insulation is laid between the crowns. Insulation must be done for each layer. Tow or jute can be used as insulation. Then the roof is mounted: braces and timber rafters are installed. At the next stage, the sheathing is carried out with timber and a layer of roofing material is laid.

A country house can be made more attractive if the exterior is finished with siding or wooden paneling.

After the basic work on building a house with your own hands has been completed, you can install windows and doors and move on to interior decoration.

Building a house made of timber takes longer than a house made of plywood, but it is more reliable and durable. Be that as it may, a house built with your own hands will serve you for many years.

To build a garden house with your own hands, you don’t need much, but the finished structure is a real lifesaver in an open area. Even a small and simple house is enough to hide from bad weather, store household equipment, and comfortably relax for children and adults.

Summer house options

A universal solution for any site is a one-story house with or without an attic. You can turn a summer house into a two-story one if instead of an attic, equip a comfortable attic.

For comfortable outdoor recreation, a terrace is attached to the house - open or with a canopy. In good weather, it serves as a dining room or children's play area. It all depends on the area and configuration.

Note! The terrace can be easily decorated with decorative lighting and climbing flowers.

If the garden house will be used only in the warm season, then it is not necessary to install a heating system in it. On cold evenings and nights there will be enough heater. And this will require electrical wiring.

Whatever option you choose for a garden house, you need to draw up a design before construction. It will help calculate the load on the foundation and the amount of materials needed.

What to build a garden house from

You can build a garden house with your own hands from bricks, timber, concrete blocks. Each option has advantages and disadvantages.

Lightweight 150 mm thick – at first glance economical and simple construction option. The lumber lays easily, looks beautiful, and is suitable for any finishing option. However, such a house does not retain heat well in spring and autumn, which entails considerable costs for the heating system and electricity.

Summer houses made of foam blocks can withstand heavy loads even with a wall thickness of about 30 cm retain heat well in the off-season. A special technology for laying blocks minimizes cold bridges and prevents the formation of condensation in the premises. However, specialists must build according to a carefully designed project.

Brick houses are no less reliable than block houses, but they require at least external insulation. If the thickness of the external walls is 1-1.5 bricks, this can be facade plaster, a “ventilated facade” system, or a combination of expanded polystyrene with facing bricks. The design is warm, strong, durable, but not cheap.

The technology of frame construction deserves attention. It allows you to build a light but durable garden house with the least financial and labor costs. Moreover, its design is such that repairs and additional insulation do not require much effort.

DIY frame garden house

The frame technology for constructing a summer house is simple, it involves several foundation options and wall cladding. But how to build a small garden house with your own hands if you have no experience? You can’t do this without step-by-step instructions for work and knowledge of some secrets.

Shallowly buried can withstand heavy loads. Suitable for devices on heaving, but not on peat, sapropel, clay soils. The width of the base is 10 cm greater than the thickness of the walls, the height is about 50 cm. Typically, such a foundation lies above groundwater, so in the spring it flows upward along with it, and then sinks.

Note! When installing a strip foundation, it is possible to equip a basement under the summer house, for example, for storing garden tools.

The installation of a shallow strip foundation is carried out according to the diagram.

Mark the area using pegs and a cord stretched between them, which marks the boundary of the future pit.
Taking into account the markings, trenches are dug for the foundation.
A sand and gravel cushion (15+15 cm) is laid at the bottom of the trench. It is spilled with water to compact it better.
The walls of the pit are covered with a layer of waterproofing material, for example, roofing felt.
Formwork for pouring concrete is assembled from boards 4-5 cm thick. It should protrude 30 cm above ground level.
Fill the trenches with concrete mixture.
Cover the base with film and moisturize periodically so that the concrete does not crack.

For potentially large loads, the foundation is additionally reinforced. The process is quite labor-intensive, so it is worth comparing the scale of the house being built with the cost of constructing the foundation.

Shallow block base

For a small and light garden house, a shallow columnar base made of individual concrete blocks is sufficient. Will fit elements measuring 20x20x40 cm.

Holes about 50 cm deep are dug under the blocks. Layers are laid at the bottom:

waterproofing;
sand – 15 cm;
crushed stone – 15 cm.

Concrete blocks are laid on top of such a “pillow” in two rows. Used for fixation cement grade M-150. The result is pillars protruding approximately 20 cm above ground level.

It is important! The second row of blocks is laid across the first.

Geoscrew foundation

Geoscrews are an analogue of screw piles, but of shorter length. They are used for light and small buildings. They are absolutely not suitable for working on floating and loose soils. The lower trim of a frame house is mounted along the heads of geoscrews.

Advantages of the technology:

no special equipment is needed for work;
stones and even medium-sized cobblestones in the ground are not obstacles for geoscrews;
no preparatory work on the site is required;
Raising the frame can be done immediately after screwing in the last geoscrew.

Geoscrews are screwed into the ground strictly vertical. To do this, using a hand drill, first make pits 35-50 cm deep. Geoscrews are inserted into them and tightened by hand. It is enough to insert a crowbar into the head and use it as a lever. Suitable for this purpose on dense soils a piece of metal pipe with handles welded to it. The design fits onto the head and also serves as a lever.

Some craftsmen purchase multipliers in stores, connect them to an electric drill using a metal pipe, and thereby increase the torque of the device. The finished structure, fixed on the head, allows reduce the time for screwing in geoscrews. Work starts from the corners. The vertical alignment of geoscrews is carried out after they are buried approximately 1/3 into the ground.

Assembling a wooden frame

The assembly of the wooden frame begins with the bottom frame. For this they use board with a section of 5x15 cm or timber - 15x15 cm. The selected lumber is laid on the foundation over a layer of waterproofing (roofing felt). In corner joints, wooden strapping elements are connected by cutting “half-wood”. The frame is fixed to the foundation using anchor bolts. The logs for the future floor are laid across, maintaining a distance of 50 cm between them.

Raise the frame, starting with the installation of beams in the corners. The intermediate posts are fastened in increments of no more than 200 cm. For this, a half-timber cut and reinforced steel corners are used. To give the structure rigidity, install in the corners temporary supports - jibs. Provide for door and window openings.

After this, the upper framing of the frame is assembled in the same way as the lower one, the transverse floor beams are attached and the rafter system is mounted.

Note! Part of the roof can be assembled in advance and then raised upward. So, when installing a hip roof, it is convenient to first assemble the ridge girder and central rafters on the ground, and then secure the diagonal rafters at the top.

Wall and roof cladding

After assembling the frame, they begin to wall and roof cladding. For the walls of an unheated small house, OSB - oriented strand boards - is most often used.

For external cladding, weather-resistant OSB-3 boards are chosen.

They are attached to the racks with wood screws, without screwing them in completely by about 1-2 mm. This is necessary so that the slabs have the opportunity expand when temperature and humidity conditions change. In this case, the joints of the slabs must land on the frame support. Subsequently, these seams are puttied. In the same way, they clad the inside of an OSB house with their own hands. The finishing material will be siding and façade plaster.

Used as roofing material tiles, corrugated sheets. The second option is preferable for a garden house, since the material is light weight and low cost. For fastening corrugated sheets use screws for metal. The most important thing in the work is to install the first sheet correctly and evenly.

It is important! If you want to insulate a building, then to protect the thermal insulation material and wood you will need hydro- and vapor barrier - polyethylene film and a vapor barrier membrane.

When building a small garden house, it is important to pursue not beauty, but for reliability, convenience and performance. What's the use of a beautiful building if it's cold even in late spring? However, to obtain a high-quality result, it is important to strictly follow construction technology.

A suburban area is not only land with a vegetable garden and plantings. Many city residents come there for a good rest, so it is necessary to have a house on the site. Not all summer residents have the opportunity to build a comfortable house on six acres. Many people get out of this situation by choosing the option of building an economy class house.

Inexperienced and novice summer residents are faced with the question of choosing cheap materials for construction. Below are examples of inexpensive and cozy country houses with visual photos.

Where to start construction

Any construction begins with a plan on paper. The house outside the city is not intended for year-round living, but for the sake of comfort it requires familiarization with the standard project.

Among the projects of country houses, the ones with an attic or attic are in the lead. This option allows you to avoid building outbuildings on the site. All equipment and work tools are stored in the attic. In addition to such a house, you can add a veranda or terrace that serves as a dining room.

Strip foundation requires more time and costs. The positive side of it is that it allows you to use the room under the floor as a basement.

The next stage of preparation is the material of the “box” of the future building. There are several types of inexpensive and reliable building materials:

Frame-panel structures

The frame is mounted using timber and sheathed with wooden boards of fiberboard or chipboard. Expanded polystyrene, glass wool or polystyrene are used as insulation. The result is a house with minimal costs that can be used all year round.

A house made of timber is distinguished by its durability. Construction work will cost more. When using cheap timber, you are likely to encounter the problem of building shrinkage. As a result, cracks and gaps appear. The cobbled house will also have to be insulated.

A clay house is the cheapest and easiest construction option. Construction materials are right under your feet. The construction technique is similar to clay sculpting.

The downside is that the construction process is too time-consuming. It will take several seasons to build a clay dwelling.

The trailer is common among new summer residents. The best option for living in the summer or during the construction of a comfortable house.

Construction of frame structure

Frame construction belongs to the low-budget category. Building a country house with your own hands without the help of specialists will not be difficult. If all the necessary materials are ready, the work will last several weeks.

To build a house you will need:

beams for the frame;
screws and corners;
wooden chipboard or fiberboard;
insulation;
piles for the foundation.

Stages of building a frame house

At the marked places, piles are driven in the corners. Install concrete or brick supports under the joints of the walls. Then they are covered with waterproofing material and tied with a channel.

A lattice of beams is laid around the entire perimeter. Wooden logs are placed on top of it at a distance of 50-60 cm from each other. All parts are secured with corners and self-tapping screws.

Next, vertical racks are mounted, firmly resting on the lattice grille. The finished frame is tied and attic logs are placed on top of it. Next comes the work of covering the frame with wooden slabs. At this stage, holes are left for windows and doors.

Now you need to decide on the choice of roof for your country house. Most summer residents choose gable and pitched roofs. To save money, the second option deserves more attention. When building a roof, do not forget about vapor barrier. The roof will be inexpensive sheets of corrugated board or ondulin.

External cladding is done using siding. Before this, the outer walls are insulated with special materials. Instead of plastic windows, ordinary wooden ones without double-glazed windows are installed. This approach will significantly reduce the cost of construction.

With the help of simple and simple tips, your country home will be ready for use in less than a month. Those who do not have enough time for construction can contact a construction company, which will offer to build a turnkey cottage for an affordable price.

A few words about the interior

No matter how the house looks from the outside, the inside of the country house must meet all the requirements of modern times. Gone are the days when dacha dwellings were used for cooking and sleeping.

Relaxing at the dacha means, first of all, comfort and organization inside the house. There are many budget-friendly ways to satisfy your most desired interior design needs.

Country - rustic style in the interior. Here you can’t do without cabinets and shelves covered with curtains with embroidery. Crocheted napkins, tablecloths and rugs made from old clothes will look good.