1) The first woman, Hero of the Soviet Union, partisan, awarded posthumously, tortured and executed by the Nazis in November 1941 in the village of Petrishchevo. (Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya

2) Hero pilot, three times hero of the Soviet Union, who shot down the largest number of enemy aircraft during the Great Patriotic War.. Ivan Kozhedub - ace pilot during the Great Patriotic War, the most successful fighter pilot in Allied aviation (64 victories). Three times Hero of the Soviet Union.

3) A sniper who became famous during the Battle of Stalingrad.Zaitsev Vasily Grigorievich sniper of the 1047th Infantry Regiment (284th Infantry Division, 62nd Army, Stalingrad Front)

4) A Spaniard by nationality, evacuated to the USSR as a child. For his feat during the defense of Stalingrad, he received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.Ruben Ruiz Ibarruri - Hero of the Soviet Union, commander of a machine gun company, captain. He was mortally wounded in the battles for Stalingrad.

5) Lieutenant General of the Engineering Troops, professor of the Military Academy of the General Staff, brutally tortured by the Nazis in the Mauthausen concentration camp...Dmitry Karbyshev

6) The pilot, Hero of the Soviet Union, after being wounded and having his legs amputated, returned to duty and continued to fly using prosthetics.Alexey Maresyev - during the war he made 86 combat missions, shot down 11 enemy aircraft: four before being wounded and seven after being wounded.

7) In which row are the partisan heroes, commanders of large partisan formations operating behind enemy lines in Nazi-occupied territory? Sidor Kovpak and Alexey Fedorov

8) A sergeant of the Red Army, who became famous during the defense of the house during the battles for Stalingrad, the house was later named after him. Yakov Pavlov

9) On February 23, 1943, in the battle for the village of Chernushki, he broke through to the enemy bunker and, covering the embrasure with his body, sacrificed himself to ensure the success of his unit. Posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. Alexander Matrosov

10) The underground Komsomol youth organization “Young Guard” (leaders: Oleg Koshevoy, Ivan Turkenich, Ivan Zemnukhov) operated during the German occupation in the city. Krasnodon

11) Heroes of the defense of the hero-fortress of BrestEfim Fomin, Pyotr Gavrilov

12) “Russia is great, but there is nowhere to retreat: Moscow is behind us!” With these words, the political instructor addressed the heroic Panfilov fighters who stopped the breakthrough of German tanks at the Dubosekovo crossing. Vasily Klochkov.Klochkov Vasily Georgievich (1911-1941) - military commissar of the 4th company of the 2nd battalion of the 1075th rifle regiment of the 316th rifle division of the 16th army of the Western Front, political instructor, Hero of the Soviet Union. Killed during the defense of Moscow. Awarded the Order of Lenin and two Orders of the Red Banner.

13) Soviet writer who died during the Great Patriotic War.Arkady Gaidar.

14) pioneers, Heroes of the Soviet Union, who distinguished themselves during the Great Patriotic WarLenya Golikov, Valya Kotik

15) The Victory Banner is the assault flag of the 150th Order of Kutuzov, II degree, Idritsa Rifle Division, hoisted at about 3 a.m. on May 1, 1945, on the roof of the Reichstag building in Berlin by Red Army soldiers Mikhail Egorov and Meliton Kantaria.

16) Vasily Zaitsev served in the battles of the Great Patriotic War from September 1942. He received a sniper rifle from the hands of the commander of his 1047th regiment, Metelev, a month later, along with the medal “For Courage”. By that time, Zaitsev had killed 32 Nazis from a simple “three-line rifle”. In the period from November 10 to December 17, 1942, in the battles for Stalingrad, he killed 225 soldiers and officers of the pr-ka, including 11 snipers (among whom was Heinz Horwald).

17) Katyusha is the unofficial name of barrelless field rocket artillery systems that appeared during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 (primarily and initially - BM-13, and subsequently also BM-8, BM-31 and others).

18) Regimental commissar, shot by the Germans in the Brest Fortress, not far from the Kholm Gate. A marble memorial plaque is now installed at the site of the execution, perpetuating his memory. We are talking about Efim Fomin, one of the leaders of the Brest Fortress.

19) Soviet military leader, hero of Stalingrad and the capture of Berlin, was the Minister of Defense of Poland in the post-war yearsK. Rokossovsky

20) At a speech in Chicago, this Soviet sniper, a woman Hero of the Soviet Union, said, addressing the Americans: “Gentlemen! I am twenty five years old. At the front, I had already managed to destroy 309 fascist invaders. Don’t you think, gentlemen, that you’ve been hiding behind my back for too long?!”Lyudmila Pavlichenko

22) The legendary Soviet intelligence officer, with his active participation, were destroyed - the chief judge of Ukraine Funk, the imperial adviser to the Reichskommissariat of Ukraine Gall and his secretary Winter, the vice-governor of Galicia Bauer, generals Knut and Dargel; he led a group of partisans that kidnapped the commander of the punitive forces in Ukraine, General Ilgen.Nikolay Kuznetsov

23) The Nazis called “Night Witches”...Soviet female pilots who flew bomber aircraft

24) Which of the Soviet military leaders, heroes of the Great Patriotic War was not a holder of the Order of Victory?This order was not awarded twice to Hero of the Soviet Union, Lieutenant General Ivan Chernyakhovsky, who died during the war.

25) . Which of the listed hero cities was awarded this title earlier than the others?For the first time, the cities of Leningrad, Stalingrad, Sevastopol and Odessa were named hero cities in Order No. 20 of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of May 1, 1945. The remaining cities received this title later.

26) During the Great Patriotic War, the front line passed through this city for over 200 days, there were fierce battles, the enemy was never able to completely capture it, but the city was never awarded the title of hero city? Voronezh

27) Which of the listed military leaders of the Great Patriotic War

headed one of the three fronts participating in the Berlin operation (2nd

Belorussian)?K.K. Rokossovsky

1) Write the name of the military plan shown on the map.

2) Write the name of the city indicated on the diagram by the number “4”.

Which judgments related to the events indicated on the map are correct? Choose three judgments from the six proposed. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated in the table.

1) The map refers to the initial stage of the war.

2) Germany planned to end the war by the end of the summer of 1942.

3) To repel the aggression indicated on the map, the Council of Labor and Defense was created.

4) The leader of the country at that time was I.V. Stalin.

5) The battle of Smolensk became an important stage in the disruption of the fascist “blitzkrieg” strategy.

6) The advance of German troops was stopped along the entire front line in the winter of 1941.

2) Indicate the name of the city indicated on the diagram by the number “1”

Call to citizens “The enemy will be defeated, victory will be ours!” sounded in a speech

Which of the following citieswas not taken by the Nazis during the Great Patriotic War?

1) Odessa

2) Tula

3) Smolensk

4) Sevastopol

Explanation.

In the fall of 1941, the Red Army and the people's militia battalions managed to stop the Germans on the approaches to Tula. The remaining cities were captured by the Germans.

Khatyn was burned by the Germans in 1943.

The order to conduct Operation Rail War was given on June 14, 1943, that is, at the height of the Battle of Kursk.

The liberation of Warsaw by Soviet troops took place in January 1945.

List of hero cities in the Great Patriotic War

The honorary title “Hero City” was awarded by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR to those cities of the Soviet Union whose residents showed massive heroism and courage in defending the Motherland during the Great Patriotic War. Here is a list of hero cities, indicating the year in which this title was awarded:

Leningrad (St. Petersburg) - 1945*;

Stalingrad (Volgograd) – 1945*;

Sevastopol -1945*;

Odessa - 1945*;

Kyiv -1965;

Moscow -1965;

Brest (hero-fortress) -1965;

Kerch - 1973;

Novorossiysk -1973;

Minsk -1974;

Tula -1976;

Murmansk -1985;

Smolensk -1985.

*Leningrad, Stalingrad, Sevastopol and Odessa were named hero cities in the order of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief dated May 1, 1945, but this title was officially assigned to them in the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on the approval of the Regulations on the honorary title “Hero City” dated 8 May 1965.

The city awarded the highest degree of distinction “Hero City” was awarded the highest award of the Soviet Union - the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal, which were then depicted on the city’s banner.

Hero City Moscow

Among the 13 hero cities of the Soviet Union, the hero city of Moscow occupies a special place. It was in the battle near the Soviet capital that the whole world saw the first defeat in history of the flawless military machine of the Third Reich. It was here that a battle of colossal proportions took place, the like of which world history has never seen before or since, and it was here that the Soviet people demonstrated the highest degree of courage and heroism that shocked the world.

On May 8, 1965, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR established the honorary title "Hero City", and on the same day Moscow (along with Kiev and the Brest Fortress) was honored to be awarded a new high title. As all domestic and foreign military historians rightly note, the defeat near the capital of the Soviet Union broke the fighting spirit of the German army, for the first time with obvious force exposed discord and contradictions in the top Nazi leadership, instilled hope in the oppressed peoples of Europe for early liberation, and intensified national liberation movements in all European countries...

The Soviet leadership highly appreciated the contribution of the city's defenders to the defeat of the fascist monster: the medal "For the Defense of Moscow", established on May 1, 1944, was awarded to more than 1 million soldiers, workers and employees who took part in this historical event of grand scale.

In memory of those events filled with unparalleled heroism, the memorial obelisk “Moscow - Hero City” was inaugurated in 1977; the memory of the fallen heroes is immortalized in the names of avenues and streets, in monuments and memorial plaques; the never-dying Eternal Flame burns in honor of the dead...

For its unprecedented feat, the city was awarded the highest award of the Soviet Union - the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal.

Hero City Leningrad

Among the 13 hero cities of the Soviet Union, Leningrad stands in a special place - it is the only city that survived an almost 3-year blockade (872 days), but never surrendered to the enemies. For Hitler, who dreamed of completely destroying and wiping the city on the Neva from the face of the earth, the capture of Leningrad was both a matter of personal prestige and the prestige of the entire German army as a whole; That is why directives were sent down to the German troops besieging the city, which stated that the capture of the city was the “military and political prestige” of the Wehrmacht. Thanks to the unsurpassed courage of the residents and participants in the defense of the city, this prestige was lost in 1944, when the invaders were driven back from Leningrad, and was finally trampled by Soviet troops on the ruins of the Reichstag in May 45...

Residents of the city and defenders paid a terrible price for holding the city: according to various estimates, the death toll is estimated from 300 thousand to 1.5 million people. At the Nuremberg trials, the figure was given as 632 thousand people, of whom only 3% died as a result of hostilities; the remaining 97% died of starvation. At the peak of the famine, which occurred in November 1941, the norm for bread distribution was 125 grams (!!!) per person per day. Despite the colossal mortality rate, severe frosts, extreme exhaustion of troops and population, the city still survived.

In commemoration of the merits of the townspeople, soldiers and sailors of the Red Army and Navy, partisan formations and people's squads who defended the city, it was Leningrad that was given the right to hold a fireworks display in honor of the complete lifting of the blockade, the order of which was signed by Marshal Govorov, to whom this right was entrusted Stalin personally. Not a single front commander was awarded such an honor during the entire Great Patriotic War.

Leningrad was among the first cities of the Soviet Union (together with Stalingrad, Sevastopol and Odessa) to be named a hero city in the Order of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief, dated May 1, 1945.

Leningrad was among the first to receive the honorary title "Hero City", established on May 8, 1965 by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, according to which the city was awarded the highest awards of the Soviet Union - the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal, the images of which are proudly displayed on the city banner.

In memory of the mass heroism of the participants in the defense of Leningrad, a number of monuments have been erected in the city, the most significant of which are the Obelisk “Hero City of Leningrad” installed on Vosstaniya Square, the “Monument to the Heroic Defenders of Leningrad” on Victory Square, the monument to the trolley on which the collected goods were transported to There are corpses in the streets and the huge Piskarevskoye cemetery, where the ashes of the Leningraders who died and died of hunger rest.

Hero City Stalingrad (Volgograd)

The name of the city, after which the most epoch-making battle of the 20th century is named, is known far beyond the borders of the former Soviet Union. The events that took place here between July 17, 1942 and February 2, 1943 changed the course of world history. It was here, on the banks of the beautiful Volga, that the back of the Nazi military machine was broken. According to Goebbels, which he said in January 1943, losses in tanks and cars were comparable to six months, in artillery - with three months, in small arms and mortars - with two months of production of the Third Reich. The loss of life for Germany and its allies was even more horrific: more than 1.5 million prisoners and dead soldiers and officers, including 24 generals.

The military-political significance of the victory at Stalingrad was highly appreciated by the military-political leadership of the Soviet Union: on May 1, 1945, the city on the Volga was named among the first hero cities in the Order of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief (along with Sevastopol, Odessa and Leningrad), and 20 years later , May 8, 1965, in accordance with the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, Stalingrad was awarded the honorary title "Hero City". On the same day, Kyiv and Moscow, as well as the Brest Fortress, received this honor.

Monuments dedicated to the events of that heroic era are the main city attractions. The most famous of them are Mamayev Kurgan, the panorama "The Defeat of the Nazi Troops at Stalingrad", "The House of Soldiers' Glory" (better known as "Pavlov's House"), the Alley of Heroes, the monument "Union of Fronts", "Rodimtsev's Wall", " Lyudnikov Island", Gergart's Mill (Grudinin), etc.

Hero City Kyiv

One of the first Soviet cities that significantly delayed the advance of the enemy at the initial stage of the Great Patriotic War was the capital of Ukraine, the hero city of Kyiv, which received this title on the day of its establishment by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on May 8, 1965.

Already 2 weeks later (July 6, 1941) after the treacherous attack of the Nazi troops on the Soviet Union, the City Defense Headquarters was created in Kiev, and a few days later the heroic defense of the Ukrainian capital began, lasting 72 days (until September 19, 1941), as a result of which over 100 thousand Wehrmacht soldiers and officers were killed by the defending Soviet troops and residents of the city.

After the abandonment of Kyiv by regular units of the Red Army on the orders of the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command, the residents of the city organized resistance to the invaders. During the occupation, the underground killed thousands of soldiers of the German regular army, blew up and disabled more than 500 cars, derailed 19 trains, destroyed 18 military warehouses, sank 15 boats and ferries, saved more than 8 thousand Kiev residents from being stolen into slavery.

During the Kyiv offensive operation on November 6, 1943, the city was finally cleared of occupiers. Witnesses of those heroic events are hundreds of monuments located both in the city itself and on the lines of defense, the most famous of which are: the sculpture “Motherland”, known throughout the Union, the memorial complexes “Park of Eternal Glory” and “Museum of History” Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945,” as well as the obelisk “Hero City of Kiev” located on Victory Square.

Hero City Minsk

The hero city of Minsk, located in the direction of the main attack of Nazi troops, found itself in the very millstone of fierce battles already in the first days of the war. On June 25, 1941, an unstoppable avalanche of Nazi troops rolled into the city. Despite the fierce resistance of the Red Army, the city had to be abandoned by the end of the day on June 28. A long occupation began, lasting more than three years - until July 3, 1944.

Despite the horrors of the Nazi administration (during German rule the city lost a third of its inhabitants - more than 70 thousand citizens died), the invaders failed to break the will of Minsk residents, who created one of the largest underground formations of the Second World War, uniting approximately 9 thousand people, to which listened even to the People's Commissariat of Defense of the USSR when planning strategic tasks. The underground fighters (of whom more than 600 people were awarded orders and medals of the Soviet Union) coordinated their actions with the 20 partisan detachments operating in the region, many of which later grew into large brigades.

During the occupation, the city suffered colossal destruction: at the time of liberation by Soviet troops on July 3, 1944, there were only 70 surviving buildings in the city. On Sunday, July 16, 1944, a Partisan Parade took place in Minsk in honor of the liberation of the capital of Belarus from the Nazi invaders.

For the services of the capital of Belarus in the fight against fascist conquerors, Minsk was awarded the honorary title “Hero City” in accordance with the Resolution of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of June 26, 1974. In memory of the military events of that era, a number of monuments have been erected in the city, the most famous of which are the Victory Monument and the Eternal Flame, the Mound of Glory and the Monument to Tank Soldiers.

Hero City Odessa

One of the four cities first named as hero cities in the Order of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief dated May 1, 1945, was Odessa (along with Stalingrad, Leningrad and Sevastopol). The city received such a high honor for its heroic defense in the period from August 5 to October 16, 1941. These 73 days were costly for the German and Romanian troops, whose losses amounted to 160 thousand soldiers and officers, more than 200 aircraft, and about a hundred tanks.

The defenders of the city were never defeated: in the period from October 1 to October 16, ships and vessels of the Black Sea Fleet, in the strictest secrecy, removed all available troops (about 86 thousand people), part of the civilian population (more than 15 thousand people) from the city. ), a significant amount of weapons and military equipment.

About 40 thousand residents of the city went into the catacombs and continued resistance until the complete liberation of the city by the troops of the III Ukrainian Fleet on April 10, 1944. During this time, the enemy was missing more than 5 thousand soldiers and officers, 27 trains with military cargo, 248 vehicles; partisans saved more than 20 thousand townspeople from being taken into German slavery.

The honorary title “Hero City” was officially awarded to Odessa on the basis of the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on the day the “Regulations on the highest degree of distinction - the title “Hero City”” was issued on May 8, 1965.

In memory of those heroic events along the main defensive line of Odessa, the “Belt of Glory” was created, which includes 11 monuments located in various settlements on the outskirts of the city, where the most fierce battles took place.

Hero City Sevastopol

The hero city of Sevastopol, which withstood fierce attacks and siege by the enemy for 250 days, is rightfully considered one of the most resilient cities during the Great Patriotic War. Thanks to the courage and unshakable steadfastness of the defenders, Sevastopol became a truly people's hero city - the first books using such characteristics appeared already in 1941-42.

At the official level, Sevastopol was named a hero city on May 1, 1945 in the Order of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief (together with Odessa, Stalingrad and Leningrad), and was awarded the honorary title “Hero City” on May 8, 1965 based on the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

From October 30, 1941 to July 4, 1942 The city's defenders held a heroic defense. During this time, four massive attacks were launched with the aim of capturing Sevastopol, but having encountered stubborn resistance from soldiers, sailors and townspeople defending the city, the fascist German command was forced to change tactics - a long siege began with periodic fierce battles breaking out. After the abandonment of the city by the Soviet authorities, the Nazis brutally took revenge on civilians, killing about 30 thousand citizens during the management of the city.

Liberation came on May 9, 1944, when control of Sevastopol was completely restored by Soviet troops. During these 250 days, the Nazis' losses amounted to about 300 thousand people killed and wounded. It is quite possible that the city is the champion in the territory of the former Soviet Union in terms of the number of military monuments, among which the diorama “Assault on Sapun Mountain”, Malakhov Kurgan, monuments to soldiers of the 414th Anapa and 89th Taman Red Banner divisions, the 318th Novorossiysk Mountain Rifle Division and the 2nd Guards Army, as well as the “Steam Locomotive-Monument” from the legendary armored train “Zheleznyakov” and a number of others.

Hero City Novorossiysk

One of the most outstanding pages of the Great Patriotic War was the defense of Novorossiysk, which lasted 393 days (only Leningrad defended longer in that war). The enemy never managed to completely take the city - a tiny section of Novorossiysk in the area of ​​cement factories in front of the strategically important Sukhumi highway remained in the hands of Soviet soldiers, although even the Sovinformburo erroneously reported on September 11, 1942 that Novorossiysk had been abandoned by Red Army units.

Another heroic milestone in the defense of Novorossiysk was the landing operation to capture a strategic bridgehead, called “Malaya Zemlya”. While the main forces of the paratroopers were pinned down by German defenses, a group of sailors of 274 people under the command of Major Ts.L. Kunikova, on the night of February 3-4, 1943, was able to capture a bridgehead with an area of ​​30 square meters. km, to which, within 5 days, significant forces of Soviet troops were deployed, consisting of 17 thousand paratroopers with 21 guns, 74 mortars, 86 machine guns and 440 tons of food and ammunition. In less than a month (from April 4 to April 30), the paratroopers killed more than 20 thousand people. enemy manpower and a significant amount of military equipment. The bridgehead was held for 225 days until the city was completely liberated on September 16, 1943.

Novorossiysk received its first award - the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, on May 7, 1966, and 7 years later, on September 14, 1973, by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, the city was given the honorary title "Hero City" with the presentation of the Gold Star medal. and the Order of Lenin.

In memory of those heroic times, a number of monuments have been erected in the city, the most famous of which are the "Defense of Malaya Zemlya" monument, the monument to Major Ts. L. Kunikov, the Mass Grave, the "Fire of Eternal Glory" monument, the "Malaya Zemlya" memorial, the monuments " To the Unknown Sailor" and "Heroic Black Sea Sailors".

Hero City Kerch

One of the few cities that changed hands several times during the Great Patriotic War was the hero city of Kerch, first captured by the Nazis on November 16, 1941. However, a month and a half later, the city was liberated by Soviet troops (December 30) and remained under the control of the Red Army for almost 5 months, until May 19, 1942.

On that May day, Nazi troops, as a result of fierce fighting, managed to regain control over the city. During the subsequent occupation of Kerch, which lasted almost 2 years, Soviet citizens faced a real avalanche of terror: during this time, almost 14 thousand citizens died at the hands of the invaders, and the same number were taken to forced labor in Germany. An unenviable fate befell Soviet prisoners of war, 15 thousand of whom were liquidated.

Despite the constant repression, the city's residents found the strength to resist the invaders: many townspeople joined the remnants of the Soviet troops who took refuge in the Adzhimushkai quarries. A combined partisan detachment of Red Army soldiers and inhabitants of Kerch heroically fought against the invaders from May to October 1942.

During the Kerch-Eltigen landing operation in 1943, Soviet troops managed to capture a small bridgehead on the outskirts of Kerch, and on April 11, 1944, the city was finally liberated by Red Army units. The terrifying fury of those battles is eloquently illustrated by the following fact: for participation in the liberation of the city, 146 people received the highest state award - the Star of the Hero of the USSR.

A little later, the city itself was awarded other highest state awards (the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal), and on September 14, 1973, based on the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, Kerch was awarded the honorary title “Hero City”.

The exploits of the city’s defenders are immortalized in the Obelisk of Glory, built in 1944 on Mount Mithridates in memory of the soldiers who died in battles for the city. In their honor, on May 9, 1959, the Eternal Flame was solemnly lit, and in 1982, the memorial complex “To the Heroes of Adzhimushka” was built.

Hero City of Tula

Tula is one of the few hero cities of the Great Patriotic War, which repulsed all enemy attacks and remained unconquered. During the 45 days of the Tula operation, which lasted from October to December 1941, being almost completely surrounded, the defenders of the city not only withstood massive bombing and furious enemy attacks, but also with an almost complete absence of production capacity (almost all major enterprises were evacuated inland ), managed to repair 90 tanks, more than a hundred artillery pieces, and also set up mass production of mortars and small arms (machine guns and rifles).

The last attempt to capture the city was made by German troops in early December 1941. Despite all the fury of the German offensive, the city was defended. Having completely exhausted their offensive capabilities, the enemy troops left the territory on the outskirts of the city.

For the courage and heroism shown by the defenders of the city, on December 7, 1976, by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, Tula was awarded the honorary title of “Hero City.”

In memory of the heroic days of defense, a number of monuments and memorial signs have been erected in the city, among which the most famous are the Monumental Complex "Front Line of City Defense", monuments to the "Defenders of Tula in the Great Patriotic War", "Tula Workers' Regiment" and "Heroes of the Soviet Union" ", as well as monuments to various types of military equipment - a lorry, an anti-aircraft gun, IS-3 and T-34 tanks, Katyusha, a howitzer gun and an anti-tank gun

Hero City Murmansk

During the Great Patriotic War, the hero city of Murmansk was never taken by Hitler’s troops, despite the efforts of the 150,000-strong German army and constant bombing (in terms of the total number of bombs and shells dropped on the city, Murmansk is second only to Stalingrad). The city withstood everything: two general offensives (in July and September), and 792 air raids, during which 185 thousand bombs were dropped on the city (on other days the Nazis carried out up to 18 raids).

During the heroic defense in the city, up to 80% of buildings and structures were destroyed, but the city did not surrender, and, along with the defense, continued to receive convoys from the allies, while remaining the only port of the Soviet Union that was able to receive them.

As a result of the massive Petsamo-Kirkenes offensive operation, launched by Soviet troops on October 7, 1944, the enemy was driven back from the walls of Murmansk and the threat of capturing the city was finally eliminated. A significant enemy group ceased to exist in less than a month after the start of the Soviet offensive.

For the steadfastness, courage and heroism shown by the defenders and residents during the defense of the city, on May 6, 1985, Murmansk was awarded the honorary title “Hero City” based on the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

In memory of the heroic days of defense, many monuments were built in the city, the most significant of which are the “Monument to the Defenders of the Soviet Arctic” (the so-called “Murmansk Alyosha”), monuments to “Hero of the Soviet Union Anatoly Bredov” and “Warriors 6- th Heroic Komsomol Battery".

Hero City Smolensk

The hero city of Smolensk found itself at the forefront of the attack of German troops rushing towards Moscow. The fierce battle for the city, which lasted from July 15 to 28, turned out to be one of the fiercest at the initial stage of the Great Patriotic War. The battle for the city was preceded by incessant air bombing, which began from the first days of the war (in just one day, June 24, Nazi pilots dropped more than 100 large high-explosive and more than 2 thousand incendiary bombs, as a result of which the city center was completely destroyed, more than 600 residential buildings were burned ).

After the retreat of Soviet troops from the city on the night of July 28-29, the Battle of Smolensk continued until September 10, 1941. It was in this battle that the Soviet troops achieved their first major strategic success: on September 6, 1941, near Yelnya, Soviet troops destroyed 5 fascist divisions, and it was there on September 18 that for the first time 4 divisions of the Red Army received the honorary title of Guards.

The Nazis brutally took revenge on the residents of Smolensk for their resilience and courage: during the occupation, more than 135 thousand civilians and prisoners of war were shot in the city and surrounding areas, and another 80 thousand citizens were forcibly taken to Germany. In response, partisan detachments were created en masse, of which by the end of July 1941 there were 54 units with a total number of 1,160 fighters.

The liberation of the city by Soviet troops took place on September 25, 1943. In commemoration of the mass heroism of city residents and soldiers of the Red Army during the Smolensk operation and defense of the city, on May 6, 1985, Smolensk was presented with the honorary title “Hero City” in accordance with the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. In addition, the city was twice awarded the Order of Lenin (in 1958 and 1983), and the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, in 1966.

In memory of the heroic defense of Smolensk, a number of monuments were built in the city and its environs, among which stand out: “Memorial sign in honor of the liberation of the Smolensk region from fascist invaders”, the Mound of Immortality, “Memorial of the victims of fascist terror”, the Eternal Flame in the Park of Memory of Heroes, as well as the BM-13-Katyusha monument in the Ugransky district of the Smolensk region.

Hero-Fortress Brest (Brest Fortress)

The Hero Fortress Brest (Brest Fortress), the first to take the blow of a massive armada of Nazi troops, is one of the most striking symbols of the Great Patriotic War. One eloquent fact testifies to the fury of the battles that took place here: the losses of the German army on the approaches to the fortress during the first week of fighting amounted to 5% (!) of the total losses on the entire eastern front. And although organized resistance was suppressed by the end of June 26, 1941, isolated pockets of resistance continued until the beginning of August. Even Hitler, amazed by the unprecedented heroism of the defenders of the Brest Fortress, took a stone from there and kept it until his death (this stone was discovered in the Fuhrer’s office after the end of the war).

The Germans failed to take the fortress using conventional military means: to destroy the defenders, the Nazis had to use special types of weapons - an 1800-kg aerial bomb and 600-mm Karl-Gerät guns (of which there were only 6 units in the Wehrmacht troops), firing concrete-piercing weapons (over 2 tons ) and high-explosive (1250 kg) shells.

For the courage and heroism shown by the defenders, the fortress was awarded the honorary title “Hero Fortress” on the day the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on the establishment of the title “Hero City” was promulgated. This solemn event took place on May 8, 1965. On the same day, Moscow and Kyiv were officially named hero cities.

In order to perpetuate the unparalleled courage and resilience of the defenders, in 1971 the Brest Fortress was given the status of a memorial complex, which includes a number of monuments and monuments, incl. "Museum of the Defense of the Brest Fortress" with the central monument "Courage", near which the Eternal Flame of Glory never goes out.

The fighting that took place on the territory of the former USSR from 1941 to 1945 is conventionally divided into five main stages. Each of them was characterized by the scale of battles and losses on both sides, the impact on the economies of the participating countries and the world as a whole.

The offensive from the Bukrinsky bridgehead was fraught with many difficulties, so a decision was made to secretly regroup the troops. Thanks to careful camouflage during the retreat to the Lyutezh bridgehead and misinformation received by the enemy, the operation was a success.

After the Wehrmacht troops suffered heavy losses in the Donbass and Left Bank Ukraine, the decision of the Supreme High Command was to carry out the following offensive operations in order to not give the enemy time to gather new forces and restore the front.

The operation, which received the loud name “Suvorov”, became the starting point in the liberation of Belarus. It also allowed Soviet troops to significantly advance to the west and clear the Smolensk and Kalinin regions of the invaders and complete the counteroffensive.

The 17th Wehrmacht Army, based on the Taman Peninsula and in the lower reaches of the Kuban, represented an important springboard for the invaders. Its liquidation would mean the final liberation of the Caucasus. Events in Ukraine foreshadowed favorable times for the North Caucasus Front.

As you know, Hitler planned to capture the USSR as quickly as possible and without large losses. But these plans were not destined to come true: a terrible force stood in the way of the enemy. One confirmation of this was the Chernigov-Poltava offensive operation of 1943.

The Donbass offensive operation (August-September 1943) showed how united and fiercely the Red Army could fight. Victory in these battles was one of the important steps towards the complete defeat of fascism. This is evidenced by its results and further consequences.

After the defeat of the fascist troops in Belgorod and Kharkov, the outcome of the difficult, exhausting war became obvious to everyone: victory would be for the USSR. This was evidenced by the well-planned operations, their results, and the general mood of the people. The war began to gradually recede.

The victory over the enemy as a result of the Oryol offensive operation (summer 1943) not only turned out to be one of the largest and most stunning, but also raised the people's spirit, strengthening faith in the imminent end of the war. She was very important for the tired and already exhausted USSR.

Stalingrad was the main point in the military plan of the Third Reich, but it was not possible to take it. A depression was brewing in the army. Victory over Kursk could save morale, and the enemy rushed there. But the Kursk defensive operation had completely different consequences.

Divided into two parts - the Ostrogozh-Rossoshan and Voronezh-Kastornes operations - the advance on the Voronezh Front was the first offensive carried out using the new tactics of dividing enemy troops into separate groups and further destroying them with superior forces.

- “Iskra” - the operation to break the blockade of Leningrad - became a demonstration of the military talent of the Red Army command and served as an example of the personal courage of the city’s defenders. However, for the destruction of part of the enemy ring that engulfed the city, Soviet troops had to pay a very high price.

According to the plans of the Supreme Headquarters, the North Caucasus operation was supposed to end with the complete defeat of German troops in the Northern sector. And although the set goals were not fully achieved, the main task - eliminating the possibility of a breakthrough in Transcaucasia and preparing a further offensive - was accomplished by the Soviet troops.

Divided into successive and interconnected operations, the offensive at Stalingrad was the result of careful planning and preparation of troops. However, the main success of the offensive operation was not only the liberation of the city, but also the rapidly increasing belief in victory in the war.

The defense of Stalingrad is a large-scale operation to contain the enemy’s advance in the Volga direction and prepare a springboard for the subsequent defeat of fascist troops. It was this defense that showed the importance of systematic preparation of defensive operations and the possibility of combining defense with counter-offensive movements.

For the German command, the conquest of the Caucasian lands was of particular importance, since this territory was one of the sources of resources for the army. At the beginning of the operation, the situation was unsuccessful for the Soviet troops, but still the Germans failed to capture the Caucasus.

The Voronezh-Voroshilovgrad operation lasted just over a month, but during this period, the USSR command used connection tactics for the first time in history - the 5th Tank Army was connected with several corps, which was unexpected for the German army.

The result of the Rzhev-Vyazma operation was that the USSR army dealt a serious blow to the Nazis and pushed them back to a distance of about 250-300 km. But the losses were simply colossal, over 775 thousand people, and most of the dead were orderlies.

In five days, several large cities were liberated, including Feodosia, Novaya Pokrovka, Kotebel, Kiet, Kerch and some others. As a result of the operation, the USSR army stopped the enemy's advance on Sevastopol and the Caucasus.

The Moscow offensive operation lasted one month and two days. It was developed in order to maximally weaken the combat effectiveness of the Center army. The main role here was played by the Western Front, on which great hopes were pinned.

The Tikhvin offensive operation is famous for the fact that most of the fighting took place at night. But in this operation, the army of the Soviet Union suffered very heavy losses - about 31 thousand people, about 75 tanks and 12 aircraft. After this operation, their creation was treated more responsibly.

During this operation, the Soviet army simply defeated the fascist army "South" and did not allow it to unite with the army "Center". In addition, the Rostov operation also managed to hold back the onslaught of the Nazis for quite a long time and thwart the Barbarossa plan.

During the operation, the Nazis were no longer able to attack Moscow and they could only defend their positions and wait for significant reinforcements from new armies. But Germany had a huge advantage - new technology that had just arrived from secret laboratories in Berlin.

After the Germans occupied Leningrad, Hitler and the Reich command thought that victory was already in their hands and there was nothing left. But the command of the USSR army was able to group troops and deliver a very tangible and important blow to the enemy army. The operation lasted almost 3 months.

The command decided to form two fronts into one - Southern and Southwestern - to begin the deployment of the offensive. But in order to unite, they needed to reach the borders of the RSFSR and the Ukrainian SSR in the Donbass and Rostov regions. Thanks to this operation, the German army could temporarily forget about the attack on the Caucasus.

This is the bloodiest operation, during which the Soviet Union lost about 610 thousand people, and the enemy army, thanks to this, managed to advance 750 km inland. Due to unsuccessful and unauthorized actions, one of the most powerful Soviet fronts was lost.

Thanks to the active actions of the Soviet army, the Wehrmacht was forced to stop its operation aimed at capturing Moscow. For several months, the armies fought in Smolensk and the Smolensk region, where Smolensk almost every day passed from one to the other.

During the battles, more than 25 German divisions and 7 Finnish ones were destroyed. During the operation, the Soviet army lost about 70 thousand military personnel. But the goal was achieved - the sea and land communications of the USSR were preserved.

In addition, small units began to be created in the Soviet army, which constantly delivered unexpected, but very noticeable blows. And large detachments of the army of the Soviet Union simply drove like a wedge into the ranks of the fascist army.

At a time when the strongest and most powerful army was being formed in Kyiv, the Army “South” launched military operations in Western Ukraine. But within a month, the Army “South” was almost completely depleted and the Western Ukrainian Front continued its full functioning, despite the losses of many thousands.

The soldiers who participated in this operation understood that they were unlikely to survive. But with serious losses, they managed to hold back the Center Army, after which the second echelon fought on the territory of Smolensk and the Smolensk region.

2) Indicate the name of the city indicated on the diagram by the number “1”.

3) Indicate the name of the capital of the state, indicated on the diagram by the number “2”.

1) The events indicated in the diagram are part of a radical turning point during the Great Patriotic War.

2) The events indicated in the diagram occurred after the Allies opened the Second Front in Europe

3) The diagram shows the actions of the Red Army during Operation Uranus.

4) The city of Koenigsberg was taken by the Red Army during the events indicated in this diagram.

5) The diagram shows the actions of the Red Army during Operation Bagration.

6) During the events indicated in the diagram, the territory of the Byelorussian SSR was completely liberated from the Nazi invaders.

Continue the phrase: “The events indicated by arrows in the diagram began in nineteen hundred

______________ th

2) Indicate the name of the city, indicated on the diagram by the number “2”, in the area of ​​which the troops of two fronts of the Red Army united.

Which judgments related to the events indicated in the diagram are correct? Choose three judgments from the six proposed. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated in the table.

1) The diagram shows military operations until the end of 1943.

2) The events indicated in the diagram were the first offensive of the Red Army during the Great Patriotic War.

3) The diagram shows the combat operations of the Red Army during Operation Uranus.

4) A participant in the events indicated in the diagram was K.K. Rokossovsky.

5) There were more than 2 million German soldiers in the encirclement ring indicated in the diagram.

6) The events indicated by arrows in the diagram began in November 1942.

du."

Name the month of 1945 when the hostilities indicated on the map began

arrows.

3) Indicate the name of the river indicated on the diagram by the numbers “2”.

Which judgments related to the events indicated in the diagram are correct? Choose three judgments from the six proposed. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated in the table.

1) The diagram shows the actions of the Red Army during Operation Bagration.

2) The events indicated in the diagram took place after the meeting of the leaders of the Big Three powers in Crimea.

3) The events indicated in the diagram are part of a radical turning point during the Great Patriotic War.

4) The events indicated by arrows in this diagram lasted about six months.

5) With the end of hostilities indicated in the diagram, World War II was not yet over.

6) One of the fronts of the Red Army that participated in the events indicated in the diagram was commanded by G.K. Zhukov.

Write the name of the city indicated on the diagram with the number “1”

2) Fill in the blank in the following phrase: “The battle depicted in the diagram took place in the year one thousand nine hundred and forty ______.”

3) Write the name of the period of the Great Patriotic War to which this battle belongs.

Which judgments related to the events indicated in the diagram are correct? Choose three judgments from the six proposed. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated in the table.

1) During the period of hostilities indicated in the diagram, the partisan operation “Rail War” was carried out behind enemy lines.

2) Throughout the battle, the Red Army was advancing.

3) As a result of the battle, the cities designated by the numbers “2” and “4” were liberated.

4) Near the settlement indicated by the number “3”, the largest tank battle of the Great Patriotic War took place.

5) The German troops in this battle were commanded by Field Marshal F. Paulus.

6) The battle, the events of which are indicated in the diagram, took place on the banks of the Volga River.

Option 1

1) “Kharkov catastrophe” 2) liberation of Right Bank Ukraine 3) Berlin Conference

4) the beginning of the Soviet counter-offensive near Moscow 5) the liberation of Orel and Belgorod

3. Continue the phrase: “The events indicated by arrows in the diagram began in nineteen hundred ______________.”

5 . The operation indicated on the map received the code name:

1) Rumyantsev 2) Bagration

3) Kutuzov 4) Suvorov

6. Select the incorrect statement about the operation shown in the diagram:

1) as a result of the operation, the territory of the Belarusian SSR was liberated

4) after the operation, more than 57,000 prisoners were carried through the streets of Moscow

7. The commander of a large partisan formation during the Great Patriotic War was

1) S. A. Kovpak 2) Y. F. Pavlov

3) N. F. Gastello 4) A. M. Matrosov

8. Lieutenant General of the Engineering Troops, professor of the Military Academy of the General Staff, brutally tortured by the Nazis in the Mauthausen concentration camp...

1) Dmitry Karbyshev 2) Vasily Chuikov 3) Ivan Chernyakhovsky 4) Alexander Pokryshkin

9. Read an excerpt from the memoirs and indicate the year when the described battle of the Great Patriotic War took place.

“From the very first minutes of the battle, two powerful avalanches of tanks in deep formation, raising clouds of dust and smoke, moved towards EACH OTHER. From the enemy's side here, on the Prokhorovsky bridgehead, up to 700 heavy, medium and light tanks, accompanied by a significant amount of self-propelled artillery, took part... The first echelon of our tanks crashed into the battle formations of the Nazi troops at full speed. The through tank attack was so swift that the leading ranks of our tanks penetrated the entire enemy formation, disrupting and mixing up their battle formations... The battle lasted until late in the evening. The tanks, clinging together in one giant ball, could no longer disperse.”

1) 1941 2) 1942 3) 1943 4) 1944

10. The restoration of the economy of the territories liberated from occupation began in:

1) 1945 2) 1942 3) 1943 4) 1944

11. The abolition of cards after the Great Patriotic War occurred in:

1) 1945 2) 1946 3) 1947 4) 1948

12. Which of the following is not a source of post-war economic recovery:

1) labor of prisoners of war 2) foreign loans

3) reparations from Germany 4) selfless labor of Soviet citizens

Option 2

1. Restore the sequence of events:

1) the first fireworks during the war 2) Battle of Smolensk 3) liberation of Sevastopol

4) the beginning of the Soviet counter-offensive at Stalingrad 5) the Crimean Conference

2. Match conference names, dates and decisions.

3. Name the month of 1945 when the fighting began, indicated by arrows on the map.

4. Indicate the name of the city indicated on the diagram by the number “1”.

5. Which of the listed Soviet military leaders did not lead the front troops in the operation depicted in the diagram?

1) I. Konev 2) R. Malinovsky

3) K. Rokossovsky 4) G. Zhukov

6. Choose the correct statement about the operation shown in the diagram:

1) as a result of the operation, the territory of Hungary was liberated

2) the operation is one of the “ten Stalinist blows”

3) the operation is an integral part of a radical fracture

4) during the operation there was a meeting of the allies on the Elbe

7. The commander of the 316th Infantry Division, which distinguished itself during the Battle of Moscow, was

1) V. I. Chuikov 2) I. V. Panfilov

3) A. I. Eremenko 4) I. D. Chernyakhovsky

8. A sergeant of the Red Army, who became famous during the defense of the house during the battles for Stalingrad, the house was later named after him

1) Alexander Matrosov 2) Ivan Turkenich

3) Yakov Pavlov 4) Vasily Chuikov

9. Read an excerpt from the memoirs of Marshal of the Soviet Union A. M. Vasilevsky and indicate which year the events described relate to.

“The military campaign of the USSR Armed Forces in the Far East was crowned with a brilliant victory. Its results are difficult to overestimate. Officially, the campaign lasted 24 days. The enemy's strike forces were completely defeated. The Japanese militarists lost their springboards for aggression and their main supply bases for raw materials and weapons in China, Korea and South Sakhalin. The collapse of the Kwantung Army accelerated the surrender of Japan as a whole.

The end of the war in the Far East saved hundreds of thousands of American and British soldiers from death, saved millions of Japanese citizens from countless victims and suffering, and prevented further extermination and plunder of the peoples of East and Southeast Asia by the Japanese occupiers.”

1) 1942 2) 1943 3) 1944 4) 1945

10. Post-war economic recovery was carried out during the _____ Five-Year Plan:

1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4

11. A proposal to soften economic policy was made by:

1) State Planning Committee 2) Council of People's Commissars 3) Supreme Council 4) State Defense Committee

12. Which of the following correctly characterizes the post-war development of agriculture?

1) disbandment of collective farms 2) reduction of the tax burden

3) increased pressure on private farms 4) rapid recovery

Preview:

Option 1

1. Which city is marked with number 2 on the map?

2. What is the name of the operation carried out by Soviet troops to encircle the enemy group in city 1?

3. Write the name of the German military leader whose army was surrounded in city 1.

4. Restore the sequence of events:

1) “Kharkov disaster”

2) the beginning of the siege of Leningrad

3) the beginning of the Soviet counteroffensive near Moscow

4) breaking the blockade of Leningrad

5) liberation of Orel and Belgorod

5. What battles determined the turning point during the Great Patriotic War?

6. In the fall of 1943, Hitler hoped to stop the Soviet offensive at the river line:

1) Volga 2) Western Dvina

3) Dnieper 4) Don

1) M.A. Sholokhov 2) K.M. Simonov 3) A.P. Gaidar 4) A.T. Tvardovsky

8. Read an excerpt from the memoirs and indicate the year to which the events described relate.

“The situation at that time remained very difficult for our country. Under the heel of the fascist occupiers were the Baltic states and Belarus, Ukraine and Moldova, the western and southern regions of the Russian Federation. The enemy continued the blockade of Leningrad and kept large forces of troops near Moscow. The strategic reserves accumulated with great effort were spent.<...>The situation was aggravated by the unsuccessful outcome of the fighting near Leningrad, Kharkov and Crimea for our troops.”

Option 2

1. Which city is marked 1 on the map?

2. What code designation did the German operation depicted on the map receive?

3. Write the name of the Soviet military leader who commanded the front in the northern part of the depicted ledge.

4. Restore the sequence of events:

1) the first fireworks during the war

2) Battle of Smolensk

3) the beginning of the Soviet counteroffensive at Stalingrad

4) German capture of Sevastopol

5) Tehran Conference

5. Indicate the chronological framework of the radical fracture.

6. The Wehrmacht's summer offensive in 1942 aimed at reaching the river:

1) Volga 2) Western Dvina 3) Dnieper 4) Don

7. Read an excerpt from the memoirs of the German general G. Doerr and indicate the city in question. “The period of fighting for the [urban] industrial area that began in mid-September can be called a positional or “fortress” war. The time for major operations has finally passed. From the expanses of the steppes, the war moved to the Volga heights, rugged by ravines, with copses and gullies, to the factory district [of the city], located on uneven, pitted, rugged terrain, built up with buildings made of iron, concrete, and stone. There was a fierce struggle for every workshop, water tower, railway embankment, wall, basement and, finally, for every heap of ruins...”

2. In 1939, the USSR was annexed by:

1) Latvia 2) Western Ukraine

3) Bessarabia 4) Estonia

3. The German plan for war against the USSR received the code designation _________________.

4. Which city is indicated on the map with the number 1.

5. The siege of Leningrad began________________ (day, month, year).

6. During the counter-offensive of the Red Army near Moscow, the Kalinin Front was commanded by _________.

7. Name two reasons for the defeats of the Red Army in the summer of 1941.

8. What name was given to the supply route to Leningrad along the ice of Lake Ladoga?

9. During what battle did the Red Army deliver the first successful counterattack to the Wehrmacht in 1941?

Option 2

1. The People's Commissar of Defense on the eve of the Great Patriotic War was _________________________.

2. In 1940, the USSR was annexed by:

1) Western Belarus 2) Finland

3) Poland 4) Lithuania

3. The German plan for the operation to capture Moscow received the code designation _________________.

4. Which city is indicated on the map with the number 2.

5. The Battle of Moscow began________________ (day, month, year).

6. During the counter-offensive of the Red Army near Moscow, the Western Front was commanded by ________.

7. What was the significance of the victory of the Red Army in the battle for Moscow (name two provisions).

8. Who owns the words: “Russia is great, but there is nowhere to retreat: Moscow is behind us!”?

1 of 18

Presentation - Test “Great Patriotic War”

Text of this presentation

THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR
Preparation for the Unified State Exam

Fill in the blanks in these sentences
A) The hero fortress, one of the first to take the blow of the German troops and defended itself for more than a month - ______________________. B) Partial lifting of the blockade of Leningrad occurred in _______________ as a result of the breakthrough of the German front along the southern coast of Lake Ladoga. C) The operation to capture the city of Königsberg and eliminate the East Prussian group of German troops was led by Marshal of the USSR ___________________.
Brest Fortress
January 1943
Vasilevsky

A) ______________ - the youngest Soviet army general during the Second World War. B) ____________ - hero pilot, three times Hero of the Soviet Union, who shot down the largest number of enemy aircraft during the Great Patriotic War. C) In ___________________, an operation was carried out under the code name “Bagration”.
Chernyakhovsky
Kozhedub
June-August 1944

A) Hero City of the Great Patriotic War in Crimea __________________ B) Call to citizens “The enemy will be defeated, victory will be ours!” sounded in _____________'s speech. C) ___________ sergeant of the Red Army, who became famous during the defense of the house during the battles for Stalingrad; subsequently the house was named after his surname.
Fill in the blanks in the sentences
Sevastopol
Molotov
Pavlov

A) ______________ is a pilot who became the first three times Hero of the Soviet Union. B) ______________ is the youngest Hero of the Soviet Union, a young partisan reconnaissance C) During the _______________________ operation of the Soviet troops, Soviet troops reached the State Border of the USSR.
Fill in the blanks in the sentences
Pokryshkin
Valya Kotik
Iasi-Chisinau

A) The fundamental turning point during the Great Patriotic War is __________________. B) On December 18, 1940, Hitler signed Directive No. 21 to attack the USSR, known as Plan "_______________". C) General ___________ skillfully organized the resistance of units of the 316th Infantry Division to the Wehrmacht offensive in the Volokolamsk direction.
Barbarossa
Battle of Kursk
Panfilov

A)__________________________ - the first woman Hero of the Soviet Union, a partisan, tortured and executed by the Germans in November 1941 in the village of Petrishchevo. B) The Komsomol youth organization “Young Guard” operated in the city of _______________. C) _____________ was the commander of the Volkhov Front, distinguished himself during the breakthrough of the siege of Leningrad (Operation Iskra).
Fill in the blanks in the sentences
Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya
Krasnodon
Meretskov

A) ____________ - a sergeant of the Red Army who heroically defended the house during the defense of Stalingrad. The house was named after him. B) The defense of the Brest Fortress in _______ is an example of the valor and perseverance of Soviet soldiers and officers. C) The battles for Mamayev Kurgan took place in the city of _______________.
Fill in the blanks in the sentences
Pavlov
1941
Stalingrad

A) The German invasion plan for the USSR is called the _____________ plan. B) During the Battle of Stalingrad, senior sergeant ______________ led the defense of a house in the center of Stalingrad for two months. C) At the final stage of the Great Patriotic War, during the offensive, Soviet troops first reached the state border of the USSR in ____________________.
Fill in the blanks in the sentences
"Barbarossa"
Pavlov
March 1944

A) Soviet troops reached the state border of the USSR and transferred hostilities to the territory of Romania in ___________________. B) The operation plan for the final destruction of the Nazi group at Stalingrad received the code name Operation ___________. C) ________________________ became the first woman to be awarded the title “Hero of the Soviet Union” during the war.
Fill in the blanks in the sentences
March 1944
"Ring"
Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya

A) During the Great Patriotic War, the defenders _______________ heroically defended themselves for 250 days. B) On December 5, 1941, the counter-offensive of Soviet troops began under _____________. C) The Belarusian offensive operation carried out during the Great Patriotic War was named after the Russian commander ______________.
Sevastopol
Moscow
Bagration
Fill in the blanks in the sentences

A) ____________ shot down an enemy bomber in a night air battle using a ram. B) The meeting of our troops with the allies took place on the Elbe River in April ______. C) The general offensive of the German troops of the _________ group on Moscow began on September 30, 1941.
Fill in the blanks in the sentences
Talalikhin
1945
"Center"

A) ____________ for the first time carried out a ram in a night air battle, shooting down an enemy bomber on the outskirts of Moscow. B) The Komsomol youth organization “Young Guard” operated in the city of _____________. C) ______________________ covered the embrasure of the German bunker with his chest.
Fill in the blanks in the sentences
Talalikhin
Krasnodon
Alexander Matrosov

A) The heroine of the defense of Moscow, Hero of the Russian Federation ________________ was hanged by the Germans on November 29, 1941 at the Golovkovo state farm in the Naro-Fominsk region. B) The first artillery salute in Moscow, in honor of the liberation of Orel and Belgorod, was given in ______. C) The meeting of our troops with the allies took place on the _________ river.
Fill in the blanks in the sentences
Vera Voloshina
1943
Elbe

Fill in the blanks in the sentences
_____________________ the beginning of the siege of Leningrad. Prominent commanders of partisan units were ___________________________________. The site of the trial of the main Nazi war criminals was the city of __________
September 8, 1941
Kovpak, Saburov, Fedorov
Nuremberg

The offensive operation of Soviet troops in the area of ​​___________________ received the code name “Uranus”. The commander of the 62nd Army, which particularly distinguished itself in the Battle of Stalingrad, was _____________. The siege of Leningrad was lifted in January ____________.
Stalingrad
Chuikov
1944
Fill in the blanks in the sentences

The largest tank battle of the Great Patriotic War took place in the region of ________________. Young men, active members of the underground anti-fascist organization “Young Guard” _______________________________ _______________________. Soviet troops reached the state border of the USSR in March _________
Fill in the blanks in the sentences
Prokhorovka
Oleg Koshevoy, Ivan Zemnukhov
Sergey Tyulenin
1944

I wish you success in the exam!!!

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