Ready-made essays in English with translation. Cliches for an Essay on the English Unified State Examination - plan, general phrases, introductory words

Opening the world with English. New 150 essays for the exam. Getting ready for the exam. Yuneva S.A.

M.: 20 1 5. - 88 p.

The manual is addressed to students who are preparing independently for the exam in English, as well as teachers who can use it in class and in preparing students for a test, exam or olympiad. It includes 150 essays, compiled in accordance with all the requirements for a written statement with elements of reasoning. The main purpose of this manual is to help students excel in essay writing.

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content
FOOD 6
FASHION 9
TRAVEL & TOURISM 12
FRIENDSHIP & LOVE 19
MONEY 22
LEISURE TIME ACTIVITIES 24
EDUCATION 27
WORK & CAREER 35
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 41
THE ARTS 48
MUSIC 50
FILMS 52
BOOKS 53
SPORTS, HEALTH & BEAUTY 55
FAMILY PROBLEMS 60
GLOBAL PROBLEMS 64
MASS MEDIA 67
SHOPPING 70
ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS 72
YOUTH PROBLEMS 74
ANIMALS 76
MISCELLANEOUS 79
APPENDIX 84

Study guide “Discovering the world with English. New 150 Essays for the Unified State Examination” is an additional component to the teaching and methodological kits in English. Its main purpose is to help you cope with the written part of the exam in English, namely, writing an essay.
This manual is intended for students who independently prepare for the exam in English. It is also addressed to teachers who can use it in the classroom and when preparing students for a test, exam or olympiad. The manual consists of 150 essays, compiled in accordance with all the requirements for a written statement with elements of reasoning.
The written part of the One State Exam is one of the most difficult and requires careful preparation. Section 4 ("Writing") consists of two tasks and is a short written work (writing a personal letter and a written statement with elements of reasoning). The recommended time to complete this section of the work is 80 minutes.

Hello my beloved readers.

If you are sure that you write great essays - forget about it!

Okay, that's kind of rough. But in reality it turns out to be true. All of us - Russian-speaking people - write essays in Russian perfectly, but when it comes to essays in English for the Unified State Examination, then we start having problems (to put it mildly). The thing is that we do not follow their rules and structure, but we should ...

Therefore, today we will learn how to write an essay correctly, what requirements to obey, and I will also give you ready-made essays so that you can clearly see how they should look.

For high-quality preparation for the exam, you need to use simulators that bring you as close as possible to the exam situation. You can use this trainer here . Train and get 100 points!

What is an essay and its types

Let's start with the main question. It is probably already obvious that an essay is a kind of essay on a specific topic. But everything is not so simple. The first thing to be clearly understood is the difference between the two types of essays. These include essays expressing personal opinion, as well as compositions of the structure "for and against". And here is the difference between them you should know by heart.

Essay Requirements

The main requirement for this assignment in 2017 is the amount of words. Alas, you are limited to 180-275 words. In addition, your essay must be grammatically correct, and vocabulary, of course, must correspond to the level of the language. I do not recommend using words from the Elementary level when you are trying to pass an exam.

Also a very important element in assessing the quality of a written work is its style. Yes, usually we are not very attentive to this aspect. With us, the “richer” and “more informal” language you use, the better. But the British love a clear structure, so I don’t just advise you to do anything other than the formal style of writing, but even forbid it!

Planessay

Plans for different types essays are also different.

Essay plan for and against

For an essay of the pro-against type, the following structure is usually used:

  • Introduction.

Start with a clear statement of the existing problem, as well as a sentence that expresses duality.

  • Arguments for".

Decide on the arguments for. Express them clearly and, most importantly, do not forget that they are still related to the problem.

  • Arguments against".

Decide on the arguments against. You can even combine them with the previous paragraph. The main thing is that your thoughts are clearly defined and argued.

  • Conclusion.

In conclusion, summarize what has been said clearly and clearly, but still repeat the controversial topic again, expressing some hope for its solution.

What I usually recommend to my students is to plan your essay before you write it. The worst mistake is to write randomly. Then a lot of mistakes await you, as well as a complete discord in thoughts.

Essay plan "personal opinion"

If you need to express your opinion, then the structure of the text will be completely different:

  • Introduction.

In this type of essay, the beginning is identical to the previous one: you just need to identify the exciting question.

  • Expressing your opinion.

Here you express your point of view and give several arguments why you think it is correct. Don't waste all your arguments on this part. One or two will still be useful to you in the future. Here you can give 2-3 arguments.

  • Expressing an opinion opposite to yours.

Every point of view has its opposite arguments. So imagine them here. Less than two is undesirable.

  • your counterarguments.

And here already and use those couple of arguments that I advised you to save. In this case, 1-2 will be enough.

  • Conclusion.

The words- assistants

Essay writing rules - milestone, but it is equally important to use introductory constructions and expressions that will show your level of language proficiency, as well as dilute boring formal text with neutral phrases. Let's see some translation examples:

People say…/ It is thought… - They say…

Firstly… / Secondly… - Firstly/Secondly…

To begin with… - Starting from…

In addition to… - In addition to…

Besides… - Besides…

Despite… - Despite…

As a result ... - As a result ...

On the one hand… on the other hand… - On the one hand… / On the other hand…

The problem is/might be/seems to be…

While ... - While ...

What is more… - Moreover…

Summing up… - Summing up…

In conclusion ... - In conclusion ...

Suggested Topics

Of course, I can’t say with certainty what essay topics this year will be, but from experience I can say that the topics are always general. The reason for this is that on the banking topic, for example, few people will be able to write. But on general topics, any of us can write anything based on our own experience. Therefore, here are some suggested essay topics for you:

  • Food - Food.
  • Traveling - Travel.
  • Fashion - Fashion.
  • Love and friendship - Love and friendship.
  • Money - Money.
  • Environment - Environment.
  • Family problem - Problems in the family.
  • Work and career - Work and career.
  • Leisure time activities - Leisure time activities.

By the way, there is a wonderful manual that will help everyone learn how to write an essay perfectly! Just follow the rules and practice. The author gives here the maximum that a student can get in preparation for the written part of the exams.

Examples

Of course, I could not leave you with nothing, and not even give a template or sample of how to cope with this task. Read and analyze.

Have household appliances improved the quality of our lives?

Nowadays, many people have a great variety of devices at home that are thought to make our life easier. However, they also have some disadvantages. (Remember to start with a clear problem statement)

On the one hand(don't forget to use introductory words ) , they definitely reduced the amount of time we spend on doing household chores. Cleaning, for example, has become much easier due to the invention of vacuum cleaner. What is more, washing clothes does not seem to be a big problem anymore. Women do it far more quickly than they used to. In addition, the process of cooking for a big family has become much easier. You can have a microwave as long as multi-cooker to prepare food in an hour insteadofspending the whole evening in the kitchen. (In this type of writing, it is important to make a clear structure: write only about the advantages at once, and then only move on to the disadvantages. Or vice versa. But never mix).

However, even though all this equipment was made to save our time, it also encourages people to work more, or spend their free time in front of television or computer. And that does not necessarily make people happy. They become lazier and in case something happens- they will no longer be able to survive without all these appliances.

Summing up, it must be said that although technology has made the life easier it should not define thequality of our lives. (Don't forget to conclude at the end, but thereby emphasize your point of view).

The structure of an essay, as I said, differs depending on the type. Therefore, I will give you an example with a variety of clichés and the second type.

Is it better to go on holiday with family or friends?

It is usually thought that going on holidays with friends is much better than spending free time with your family. I completely disagree with it. ( Similar to the previous comment - don't forget to fix the issue and mention it).

First of all, it is much more economical as parents usually pay for their children so you do not have to spend much of your money. Secondly, it may seem that going on holidays with your parents may be boring, but the reality shows that you can have as much fun with your relatives as you could have with your friends. (We express 2-3 arguments in support of your opinion).

There is also an opinion that spending time with your friend or without your parents makes you more responsible and confident. It is thought that you learn to live on your own. (Do not forget that it is also necessary to indicate someone else's opinion opposite to yours).

I cannot agree with this point of view as the adolescence is the process that cannot be fulfilled during your holidays. And sharing time with you family, on the other hand, strengthens your relationship and encourages you to develop core human values. (Contrasting the new arguments against the counterarguments you've received).

So whether there is a question who to spend your vacation with, make sure that it will be spent with those who love you most-your family. (And, in the end, do not forget to draw the right conclusion, stating your opinion).

Common Mistakes

Of course, no mistakes anywhere. But there are mistakes that are typical for almost 50% of students taking the exam. Therefore, I want to highlight those for which it will be a shame:

  • Forget about structure. Use informal words, phrasal verbs, or simply inappropriate vocabulary in style and format.
  • Write abbreviations don't, haven't, etc.
  • Do not use introductory structures.
  • Write less or more than the prescribed word limit.
  • Do not reveal the topic of the essay or “walk away” from it, hoping that you will be appreciated for writing at least something.
  • Stupid grammar mistakes. It is better to check and correct 10 times.

Guys, if you seriously want to structure your knowledge and improve your skills for the USE 2017 under the guidance of a class teacher:

Quicker sign up for a free introductory lesson at the EnglishDom online school. There determine your level language proficiency, learning weak sides, pick up most suitable a teacher for you, and you can study individually through convenient online platform at the best time for you and at a reasonable cost.

Well, my dears, I am sure that your essay is no worse, and maybe even better. I hope that after today's lesson it will become much easier for you to write, and the word "composition" will move from the category of "oh, what a horror" to the category of "well, wonderful".))

And in order to improve not only your writing skills, but also everything else that you will need when you surrender your formidable three-letter look that frightens everyone - subscribe to my blog mailing list. There I regularly share useful materials, advice and recommendations based on personal experience.

Until then, I say goodbye to you.

See you again.

P.S. If you are interested in learning about my experience of passing the entrance exams and just reading my thoughts on this topic, then forward to my article ""

An essay in a foreign language requires high-quality content and a good organizational structure, as well as competent language design.

It is one of the most problematic tasks when passing the unified state exam. In terms of complexity, only listening can compete with him. Therefore, training in writing an essay should be especially enhanced and intense.

Since 2012, the time allotted for the entire foreign language exam has been increased to 180 minutes. Since the rest of the exam items have not been changed, we recommend that you spend extra time specifically on the written part (80 minutes). Moreover, the plan for tasks is specified, which can facilitate the task of writing.

In my opinion, cars should not be allowed into the city centers as they add to pollution and poison the air we breathe. We must also think about the people who live in the center and suffer from the noise made by cars. The streets in the center are usually narrow therefore people are moreover often stuck in traffic for many hours and, as a result, arrive late at their destination. Finally-ly, with ho cars in city centers, there would be no need for large ugly car parks, which would allow more space for parks. However, many people believe we would not be able to survive without cars because most of the products for shops and other businesses are transported by cars. Besides, they are afraid that public transport would be overloaded. I am sure it is possible to solve these problems by introducing a reliable high frequency tram service as well as developing the underground. As for goods, we could use electric vehicles for their delivery.

To sum up, I believe that a clean, reliable and environmentally friendly public service would encourage people to use public transport and help smooth the transition to a car-free zone.

Learning a foreign language is the best thing to do in a country where it is spoken. Do you agree

Nowadays people spend lots of money in order to go to an English-speaking country to improve their language skills. But is it really the most effective way of learning a language? In my view, studying in a foreign country has certain drawbacks. Firstly, this way is very expensive as the tuition fee for overseas students is rather high. Besides, when you study abroad, you have to adapt to a very different way of life, which can be quite stressful. What is more, English teachers do not speak Russian so if you don’t know English well, you will not underst and the ir explanation.

It is often assumed that it is better to study a language abroad because you can always use it speaking with native speakers. However, I doubt that we will have lots of opportunities to speak abroad as we do not know many people there. It is also believed that Russian teachers are not as qualified as those in England. I totally disagree with this opinion because Russian teachers can compare two languages ​​and explain grammar rules better.

To sum up, I would argue that the best way to learn a language is to study it in your native country because you can always get the necessary help from your teachers. Moreover, today we have lots of opportunities to improve our skills such as communicating with English pen-friends over the Internet. I think that we should travel abroad so as to practice a language but not to study it.

Foreign languages. Now in schools they study 2-3 languages. Pros and cons

Most people understand that without knowledge of foreign languages ​​it is difficult to survive in the modern world. Therefore they send their children to schools where they can study two or even three foreign languages. However, is it good to study several languages ​​simultaneously? On the one hand, foreign languages ​​are the main part of our culture so they help us to expand our outlook. We cannot broaden our minds if we see the world only from the perspective of our own culture. In addition, learning languages ​​is a good exercise for the intellect. Moreover, if pupils know at least one foreign language, they learn new languages ​​much faster. On the other hand, many pupils find it confusing to learn two or three languages ​​at a time, especially languages ​​that are similar, because children usually mix up lots of words. Besides, some languages ​​are tricky enough to learn. For example, in English there are more exceptions than rules. In this case, children can be overloaded with homework. More than that, some pupils do not know their native language well and learning several foreign languages ​​could prevent them from mastering their own language.

In conclusion, I want to say that learning languages ​​is extremely beneficial and I would like to know different foreign languages. However, I believe children should not learn too many languages ​​at the same time so as not to get confused. They ought to get a solid base in one language before they start learning a new one. 16. Internet. Pros and cons We live in the age of information technology and nowadays the Internet is nearly as common as the telephone. No doubt that it is a unique invention, which has influenced all areas of our lives. However, some people consider the Internet one of the greatest evils of our time. On the one hand, the Internet is very useful, because it lets us access a world of facts, figures and knowledge. In addition, with the Internet, it is now possible to speak to friends and relatives any-where in the world cheaply and quickly. Other services are also available through the Internet such as booking tickets or buying things. Moreover, the Internet allows a lot of talented people to show the world their achievements and makes it easier to find a job. On the other hand, the Internet can become a disaster for our society, because people spend hours in front of their computers and neglect their everyday duties. Another worry is the activities of cybercriminals. For example, hackers can steal your money or even your property while cyberterrorists may ‘attack’ the world’s computers, causing chaos, and making planes and trains crash. What is more, leaders of different terrorist or oppositional organizations can use the Internet to find new followers.

In conclusion, I strongly believe that despite the criticisms by some and the fears of others, the Internet seems to have changed our world to the better and we must try to make the best use of it.

Cloning. Pros and cons

Recent advances in genetic biology have led us to quite a doubtful situation. People all over the world argue whether human cloning research should be controlled by the government as solving problems connected with human cloning is definitely not a piece of cake. In my opinion, human cloning experiments are extremely dangerous because there are huge risks of abnormalities in human clones. if clones have been made, they will obviously have serious psychological problems connected with their unusual birth. Finally, there is no doubt that human cloning will change our perception of what is the value of a human life as we might change from having children to manufacturing them. However, scientists claim that human cloning could be very beneficial as therapeutic cloning could provide stem cells for regenerative medicine and tissues for transplantation. Besides, re-productive cloning will probably give parents who are both infertile an opportunity to have children. I am afraid that this technology is not safe enough to use on humans. It is also possible that clones will age quicker since the cell used in the cloning procedure has already been used in a real life individual.

To sum up, we must question whether human cloning is really worth it when weighed against the problems it raises. From my point of view, human reproductive cloning should be under the tight control of the government and the UN because it is dangerous to interfere with nature and the consequences can be really disastrous.

Books or computers. Who will win in the future

The latest advances in information technology make people think that schools of the future will use computers instead of printed books. Although electronic books have not been widely accepted yet, they have certain advantages over traditional paper volumes. But will they be able to replace printed books? In my opinion, students will be widely using computers for studying in the future. To begin with, computers can store lots of books in their memory and modern software allows us to find quickly the necessary information. Besides, with the interactive programs on computers studying will be much more exciting. What is more, electronic books will not degrade overtime like their printed counterparts. On the other hand, lots of disbelievers argue that computers will not replace printed books because a printed book is better for human eyes than a computer screen. In addition, books are cheaper and easier to use since they do not need electricity or the Internet connection. I cannot agree with this because modern computer screens emit no radiation and allow us to read even in low light conditions. Of course we will have to pay for electricity but I think it will be cheaper than to pay for printed books, which are very expensive nowadays.

To sum up, I think computers and printed books will peacefully coexist for years to come, but in the future technological progress will make it possible for students to carry laptops or even palmtops instead of traditional bags with lots of heavy books.

Computer games. Pros and cons

People have always had different hobbies but technological progress has caused the appearance of computers and computer games, which can keep a child occupied for hours. However, adults consider computer games a complete waste of time. As for me, I believe computer games are more than mindless entertainment. To begin with, computer games can teach people to achieve their aims as they regularly put obstacles and traps in the way of players which are necessary to overcome in order to progress through the rest of the game. Additionally, computer games can be a valuable source of accidental learning that can be applied to school, home, and social events. Moreover, teachers have also started to appreciate educational games as an opportunity to make their lessons more exciting. Nevertheless, quite a few people are against this activity as they find it rather addictive and harmful for children’s health. They argue that computer games make students neglect their school work. However, if we learn to control our computer use and play games for an hour just to relax after a hard day at school, this will not do us any harm. What is more, modern technology made it possible to eliminate the bad effect of computers on our eyes.

To sum up, I believe that computer games have more advantages than disadvantages. They make us persistent, develop our logical reasoning and help us to escape from everyday problems. The thing is to find a right balance between virtual reality and everyday reality.

Space. Pros and cons of space exploration

Space exploration can mean a major leap for mankind. However, it is often criticized because the price for these space experiments is too high, especially while poverty still exists in many parts of the world. On the one hand, space research is extremely beneficial as it advances technology. As a result of this work, we have lots of inventions, which have made our lives much more comfortable. In addition, through the exploration of space, we could find new elements, minerals or even discover new laws of physics and eventually learn more about ourselves. What is more, space exploration will allow us to establish a human civilization on another planet as a hedge against the catastrophe that might occur on the Earth. On the other hand, the benefits of space exploration are not self-evident, no matter how real they are. It costs billions of dollars to fund the projects of space science whereas this money should rather be spent on meeting the needs of the underprivileged. Besides, some of the technology we develop through space science can be used in a destructive manner if it is in the wrong hands. Finally, a travel to space can be dangerous as we may discover something that is extremely harmful for the living beings on Earth.

To conclude, I want to say that space exploration satisfies the human desire for adventure therefore most people are interested in space research. Nevertheless, I believe our governments should find the right balance between social and space programs.


Are you having an exam soon? Then you are probably interested in learning how to write an essay in English perfectly. We will tell you about the types and correct structure of essays, give you tips that will teach you how to write such works in English quickly and correctly.

What is an essay in English? This is a short essay with a specific structure in which you talk about a specific topic and express your point of view on a given topic.

Essay structure in English

How many words should be in an essay in English? Each exam has an optimal amount of written work. Typically, the assignment involves writing an essay between 180 and 320 words, depending on the exam. If you are going to take an English test, we recommend that you clarify in advance the required amount of written work and practice writing a text of the appropriate length.

The structure of an essay in English is universal for all exams. Written work consists of the following parts:

  1. Title - the title of the essay, reflecting the theme of the story.
  2. Introduction - 2-4 short sentences that reveal the topic of the essay.
  3. The main part is 2-3 paragraphs describing the essence of the essay. In them, you need to fully and competently reveal the topic, bring arguments and argue them.
  4. Conclusion - 2-4 sentences summing up what has been written. In this part, you make a general conclusion on the topic of the essay.

Each of the paragraphs in the body of the essay begins with an introductory sentence (Topic Sentence), this is the “introduction” to the paragraph. The following sentences develop and confirm the idea expressed in Topic Sentence.

To learn how to write an essay strictly according to plan and clearly structure your thoughts, use theeasyessay.com or. On this resource, you can plan the perfect essay, guided by a simple instruction. Practice writing papers according to such a plan, and it will be easier for you to write a good reasoned essay during the exam.

Types of essays in English and their features

The type of English essay you need to write depends on the given topic and is sometimes indicated in the assignment. According to an authoritative source - the book Successful Writing by Virginia Evans - it is customary to distinguish three main types of essays:

1. For and against. For and against essays

The name speaks for itself: you give arguments for and against some phenomenon. The outline of the essay in English is as follows:

  • Introduction. In it, you bring the reader to the topic of discussion.
  • Main part. You give arguments "for" and "against" some action or phenomenon. In this case, you do not need to express your point of view, stick to neutrality.
  • Conclusion. Only here you express your attitude to the topic and draw a conclusion.

An example of such an essay(all examples taken from Successful Writing by Virginia Evans, Intermediate level):

2. Essay-opinion. Opinion essays

You express your thoughts on a given topic. It would seem that any essay is an expression of one's own thoughts. What is the point of this type of essay? In Opinion Essays, you need to not only reflect your point of view, but also look at the proposed topic from different angles. Consider all aspects of the issue, write your opinion and be sure to support it with confident arguments.

Essay-opinion plan in English:

  • Introduction. You indicate the topic of discussion.
  • Main part. You express your opinion and confidently argue it. Here it is also desirable to consider an opinion opposite to yours, and explain to the reader why you do not share this point of view.
  • Conclusion. You sum up, finally formulating your point of view on the proposed topic.

An example of such an essay:

3. Offer a solution to the problem. Suggesting solutions to problem essays

In this type of writing, you will be asked to consider some global problem or problems. Your job is to suggest solutions.

The plan for this type of essay is as follows:

  • Introduction. You specify the problem and its causes or consequences.
  • Main part. You suggest ways to solve problems and the possible consequences of such actions. Explain clearly why certain actions should be taken and what this entails.
  • Conclusion. Summarize your reasoning.

An example of such an essay:

Rules for writing a great essay in English

Before writing an essay in English, read some rules for writing it. These simple guidelines will help you succeed in writing.

1. Stick to essay structure

Once you have received the assignment, determine the type of essay and the plan according to which you will write it. After that, go straight to the points: heading - introduction - several paragraphs of the main body - conclusion. Be sure to follow this strict essay structure, otherwise your work will not be highly appreciated.

2. Use a draft

Since there is little time for writing an essay in English, a draft should be used wisely. If time is running out, we advise immediately after receiving the assignment and getting to know the topic, sketch out your thoughts and arguments for them in the form of short theses. This will allow you to not forget important thoughts while writing a clean copy.

3. Prepare for any topic

An essay in English shows not only your level of knowledge of the language, but also erudition. Therefore, before preparing for the exam, read texts on various topics. This will help you broaden your horizons and memorize new words, phrases and clichés that you can use in your writing on the exam.

4. Leave time for review

Allocate time so that at the end of the exam you have at least 5 minutes left to check your essay. As a rule, the mark is not reduced for careful corrections, so this is a real chance to "save" your work by correcting the errors found.

5. Determine the right style

6. Be concise

An essay in English is a short written work. Some students think that the principle “the more the better” works and write huge opuses. Alas, the examiners will not only not increase, but will also lower your grade for not meeting the required volume.

7. Argue your arguments

Each written thought should not sound unfounded. Support it with arguments, a vivid example, statistics, etc. Your written work should show the reviewer that you know what you are writing about and are sure that you are right.

8. Use link words

Introductory words for an essay are important links that connect sentences together, forming a logical chain of your thoughts. They will help to combine sentences or show contrast, indicate the sequence of actions, etc. We recommend that you study such useful constructions in the article "Linking words in English".

9. Use a variety of vocabulary and grammar

Avoid repetition of words, use synonyms and complex grammatical constructions - show the examiner that you speak English at a high level. Instead of the boring good, use, depending on the context, remarkable, gorgeous, fascinating. Use complex structures and different times to express your thoughts. A text in which all sentences are written in Present Simple will receive a low mark.

10. State your thoughts correctly

An essay is a written expression of your thoughts on a particular topic. And here it is important not to forget about elementary delicacy. If possible, do not touch on politics, religion and other "slippery" topics. If the task involves consideration of some “painful” topic, state your point of view tolerantly and politely. In this case, it is better to keep a formal tone and avoid a violent display of emotions.

11. Write softly

Although you should write your thoughts on this issue, however, try not to use structures like this often: "I am sure that ...", "I know that ...", etc. Write softer, for example , “It seems to me ...”, “In my opinion ...” - this will sound more formal and correct in relation to the opinions of other people.

For those who want to learn how to write better, we recommend watching the following video:

Now you know how to write an essay in English perfectly well. In order for this theoretical knowledge to bring you practical benefits in the form of a high mark on the exam, actively use it. Practice writing essays on different topics - it will better preparation to the exam.

And if you need to quickly and efficiently prepare for an English exam and get a high mark on it, we suggest enrolling in English at our school.

© O. S. Kalinina, 2018

ISBN 978-5-4493-5196-8

Created with the intelligent publishing system Ridero

Foreword

Successfully passing the Unified State Exam is the key to entering the higher education institution of your dreams. That is why, in order to make your cherished dreams come true, you need to stubbornly and purposefully prepare for it. Obviously, you need to approach the preparation process responsibly, with full dedication, as well as an awareness of what the structure of the exam requires of you and what skills and knowledge you need to have in order to successfully cope with it.

Task number 40 is a task high level complexity and requires well-developed both subject and meta-subject skills. Undoubtedly, the examinee must not only have a rich vocabulary and know the rules of grammar, but also have a broad outlook in order to bring different points of view on a particular problem, as well as argue them.

The value of this book lies in the fact that it contains essays on topics from different spheres of life, in which arguments / counterarguments to them are clearly and correctly selected.

Due to the fact that during the academic year I wrote these essays “for myself”, in order to practice and “get my hand”, and not in order to print a book, they were all carefully and carefully checked and corrected by my teacher Olga Gennadievna Kutyina, to which I am very grateful.

With careful and conscious reading, you will recognize simple, easy-to-remember clichés, learn new vocabulary and new grammatical connectives. Moreover, this collection will help you expand your horizons and look at some social, economic, political and spiritual problems from a completely different angle. Your consciousness will become more flexible, which will help you better and more clearly formulate and express your thoughts and ideas when writing such works.

Also, I would like to add that the exam is really just one of the life tests that can really be overcome. The main thing is to clearly define goals for yourself and constantly remind yourself of them when you want to give up. Believe me, the game is worth the candle.

Boys and girls should study separately at different schools

Undoubtedly, education plays a crucial role in the existence of the society. Currently the majority of schools are co-educational.

I totally disagree with the statement above. I strongly believe that studying together is extremely necessary for individuals. Firstly, the world is not separated for males and females. In the childhood people tend to be less vulnerable to failures in relations. In consequence at school they learn how to socialize with another sex, which assists them in avoiding social mistakes in the future. Secondly, while studying together pupils may find out some psychological features of another gender. Finally, contradictions between boys and girls motivate both to study harder in order to be better than another sex.

Nevertheless, there is another point of view on this issue. Some conservatives claim that productivity and efficiency of getting education will increase, if pupils are taught separately. Psychologists have already proven that boys have natural abilities to technical subjects, while girls are likely to be skilled at mastering humanities. Subsequently, co-educational schools do not have an individual approach to students depending on their gender. Moreover, passion and affection seem to distract pupils from studying.

However, I still insist on my opinion. It surely goes without saying that love improves personalities on the ground that they are eager for being better to please a partner. So, they study harder.

In conclusion, I would like to stress once more that under no circumstances should pupils be diminished an opportunity to study together. If schools were not co-educational, the majority of people would not be able to communicate with another gender.

A man that does not know the history of his/her country is like a leaf that is not aware of being a part of a tree

It is common knowledge that a person is a citizen of that country where s/he was born. Under some circumstances one can change a citizenship or have a double one. Undoubtedly, a person considers himself/herself to be a citizen of that country where his/her heart is.

I totally agree with the statement above that a person ought not to be ignorant of the history of his/her motherland. Firstly, if a resident has no knowledge of the history of his/her native country, s/he will not take part in historic festivals, where people become mentally united. Secondly, being unaware of the events of the past, a citizen cannot keep up a conservation with compatriots. Finally, griefs, sorrows and failures have always been consolidating nations. If a person has no idea about mistakes of his/her ancestors, s/he does not have any patriotic feelings.

Nevertheless, there is another point of view on this issue. Some people claim that it is senseless to learn the history of the motherland. Present is much more significant that the past. Moreover, interactions with other citizens may bring a person a feeling of felicity and patriotism.

However, I still insist on my opinion. It is usually said that history repeats itself. In consequence a citizen ought to be good at national history in order to prevent his/her motherland from the same disastrous mistakes in the future.

In conclusion, I would like to stress once more that under no circumstances should a person ignore the life of his/her ancestors. If the humanity did not rely on the history, the world would turn into chaos.