Signs and symptoms of alcohol intoxication. Signs of alcohol intoxication Signs of alcohol intoxication for compilation

Alcohol intoxication is a transient state that develops against the background of the use of alcoholic beverages. It is usually provoked by the psychoactive influence of ethanol and is a combination of several symptoms containing a change in physiological, mental and neurological reactions.

1. Lung is defined when the concentration of ethanol in the blood is up to 1.5%. Characteristic for this stage are a surge of strength, a rise in mood and the onset of mild euphoria. The person becomes very sociable and emotionally aroused. But at small doses, there is a violation of concentration, which entails serious negative consequences in the case of performing precise work, while driving vehicles or precise mechanisms.
2. Moderate intoxication is diagnosed when the concentration of ethanol in the blood is up to 2.5%. At this stage, some irritability, malice and aggressive reactions are manifested. This effect is called dysphoric intoxication. A person's coordination of movements changes greatly, and mental excitement is replaced by lethargy and drowsiness.
3. Severe condition causes ethanol concentration from 2.5% and above. At this stage, a neurological disorder is observed, characterized by impaired orientation in space and time. The functioning of the vestibular apparatus malfunctions, depression of consciousness is observed, the pulse slows down and respiratory disorders occur, which often leads to complete unconsciousness.

Diagnostics

Severe intoxication is considered to be such a degree when the amount of alcohol in the blood exceeds 2.5%. External signs of alcohol intoxication:

Severe intoxication is extremely dangerous for a drunk, although sometimes he is extremely scary for others. In this state, any situation is perceived fragmentarily, speech becomes incoherent, stupor can quickly turn into deep sleep and coma.

Signs of a coma in a patient:

• decrease in body temperature;
• clammy and cold skin;
• increased muscle tone is replaced by hypotension;
• redness of the face;
• hyperemia of the conjunctiva;
• cyanosis;
• constriction of the pupils, which is replaced by their expansion and loss of the light reflex;
• slow breathing;
• rapid pulse;
• increased blood pressure, which is most often replaced by collapse;
• lowering the pain threshold.

The main causes of death in patients with acute alcohol poisoning are:

• hypothermia followed by freezing of the extremities;
• mechanical asphyxia;
• acute heart failure;
• collapse.

When examining a drunk doctor, it is necessary to correctly identify and describe the symptoms of the phenomenon in medical reports, which has legal significance later. If in doubt, it is advisable to carry out procedures to determine the Rappoport reaction or use the Mokhov-Shinkarenko indicator tube. It is customary to indicate the following types of conclusions in regulatory documents:

• sober, but there are violations of the functional state, requiring suspension from work with a source of increased danger for health reasons;
• alcohol intoxication;
• alcoholic coma;
• state of intoxication caused by narcotic or other substances.

As a rule, the diagnosis does not cause difficulties, but the incorrect assessment of the accompanying pathology is quite common. An important place is a thorough medical examination of each patient in a state of alcohol intoxication to check for possible injuries associated with poisoning. Particular attention is paid to the presence of bruises, nosebleeds, abrasions in the head or uneven pupil size.

In practice, there are often cases when the cause of a coma in people in a mild degree of intoxication is a severe traumatic brain injury. Of particular concern should be a prolonged coma and a small amount of alcohol in the blood.

In addition, in a state of intoxication, apoplexy coma often develops due to cerebral hemorrhage. It can be diagnosed based on the presence of skin stickiness, flushing of the face, intermittent breathing, the presence of a thready pulse, and a decrease in blood pressure. With an apoplexy coma, the face becomes purple, breathing is hoarse, one cheek begins to "sail", the nasolabial fold is smoothed out and other symptoms of an organic lesion of the central nervous system are revealed.

Emergency medical care is necessary for patients who are moderately and severely intoxicated. In the first case, his stomach is washed, artificially induces vomiting, he is given water with ammonia to drink, and then caffeine - sodium benzoate is injected intravenously.

When diagnosing a severe degree, it is necessary to exclude somatic complications, and then proceed to the sobering up procedure. To bring a person out of intoxication, his stomach is washed with a thick probe with small portions of heated water with the addition of sodium bicarbonate.

In a state of alcoholic coma, a sinking of the root of the tongue can be observed, which closes the entrance to the larynx. Then an air duct is inserted into the patient's mouth, the mucus from the pharyngeal cavity is sucked off with a special device to ensure the free flow of air into the body.

With a decrease in vascular tone and blood pressure, it is necessary to infuse Poliglukin and isotonic sodium chloride solution through a vein. Also, an excellent detoxification effect can be obtained from intravenous drip of a heated mixture of Hemodez, isotonic sodium chloride solution, vitamins B1, B12 and ascorbic acid.

In extreme cases, when diagnosing alcohol intoxication, you can quickly and strongly rub both ears of the patient. This ensures a rush of blood to the head of the patient, which brings him to consciousness, and he acquires the ability to speak. Then you can move on to complex medical procedures.

In the event of a coma, they immediately give thiamine chloride, a glucose solution and begin. This patient needs urgent hospitalization in intensive care.

Activities at home

Almost everyone experienced the consequences of a luxurious feast and wondered about helping with intoxication.

The most affordable means for removing alcohol from the blood are always at hand:

• Activated carbon. It is enough to drink 5-6 tablets of the drug with a large amount of heated water so that the main amount of alcohol in the blood is neutralized.
• Plentiful drink is an excellent emergency remedy.

It is important that it is not coffee, but, if possible, green tea, which perfectly cleanses the blood and gives strength.

• Milk is an excellent purifier of the breakdown products of alcohol, well removes toxins in a natural way and is suitable for giving strength to the body in the fight against ethanol poisoning.
• Honey has a diuretic effect, effectively neutralizes toxins and removes poisons from the body. The solution is prepared at the rate of one tablespoon per glass of water and taken every half hour.
• Any kind of brine, especially cabbage helps to quickly remove alcohol from the blood. This drink is able to quickly neutralize the poisons of alcohol and remove its decay products from the blood.
• Chicken bouillon works well for relieving the symptoms of alcohol intoxication, you need to drink it in large quantities and with the addition of cumin.

The most effective and easiest way to help with alcohol intoxication occurs on an instinctive level. If a person drinks a lot of alcohol, but he is not an alcoholic with experience, then when intoxicated, symptoms of alcohol intoxication such as nausea and vomiting occur, which help to naturally remove excess poison from the body. If the natural mechanism does not work, then it is necessary to artificially induce vomiting by drinking a large amount of water and pressing on the root of the tongue.

A particularly effective way of sobering up is the influx of fresh air, so it’s good to be outside more and breathe deeply.

Attention, only TODAY!

Signs of intoxication are characterized by various forms of physical and psycho-emotional pathologies that occur to a person after drinking alcohol. Alcoholism is a disease that occurs as a result of the frequent use of alcoholic beverages. At an early stage, the disease is characterized by a psychological attraction, then it turns into a physical necessity. Alcoholism in some cases has the ability to proceed without psychosis, but in their place come a variety of mental deviations of an episodic type, of various forms and duration. At the same time, the pupils of a person change, and the pulse becomes quickened.

The main signs of drunkenness

Psychosis in such cases can manifest itself either from intoxication of the body or as a result of liver pathologies. Quite often it is alcoholism that leads to the development of endogenous psychoses. In the last stages, a person may develop dementia along with changes in the pulse.

Alcohol intoxication is manifested by neurological, somatic, mental disorders.

The complexity of their course depends on:

Older people, teenagers and children are the fastest to get drunk from alcohol. Tolerability and intoxication of the body depend on the genetic predisposition. For example, the inhabitants of the north in the blood have a small amount of special enzymes that contribute to the rapid breakdown of alcohol. It is very dangerous for such people to drink large doses of alcohol. Their pulse immediately quickens, and the heartbeat becomes strong.

In medicine, there are three main degrees of intoxication.

Each has its own characteristics and manifestations:

Lung. This is the initial stage, during which a person wakes up with a feeling of pleasure and comfort. Excessive talkativeness and free communication are also noticed. With drunkenness of this degree, the external features of a person change. Facial expressions become lively, and gestures become free, but not precise. This state is visible only to others. At the same time, the person himself does not notice this at all. At an easy stage, facial hyperemia occurs and tachycardia is observed. In most cases, there is a huge appetite and increased sexual activity. After five hours after taking alcohol, a person begins to fall asleep and severe fatigue appears.

Average. This degree is characterized, first of all, by the manifestation of neurological stigmas. At this stage, the signs of alcohol intoxication are slightly different.

A person begins to show:

• fuzzy speech;
• unsteady gait;
• some staggering is shown;
• ataxia.

In some cases, vomiting and nausea appear at this stage. In place of euphoria comes dysphoria, in which aggression and anger are observed. As for excitement, it is replaced by sound sleep. After waking up, a person has lethargy and a severe headache. The memory of the previous day, after waking up, becomes fuzzy.

Heavy. Symptoms at this stage are varied, but the main thing is the oppression of consciousness. At this stage, a person cannot stand on his own feet, amimia occurs. Severe vomiting begins, which can lead to aspiration of vomit. In some cases, fecal and urinary incontinence occurs. The body temperature changes, the skin becomes cold. The speech of the drunk is incomprehensible, more like mumbling. Next, the person falls into a deep sleep. It is impossible to wake him up even with the help of ammonia. Sleep gradually turns into a coma. In this case, the pupils stop responding to light, breathing becomes difficult, and the pulse is weakly audible. Due to severe intoxication, a person develops amnesia. He does not remember all past events. General weakness of the body lasts throughout the day. During this period, the appetite disappears.

At each stage, the signs of alcohol intoxication are different. As for its concentration in the blood, at an easy stage, its amount reaches from 20 to 100 mmol / l, the average is calculated from 100 to 250, severe - 250 and above.

A severe degree is the most dangerous for both the patient and others.

At this stage, a person has the following symptoms:

• cyanosis;
• significant slowing of breathing;
• pressure rises, and is later replaced by collapse.

The complexity and depth of the patient's coma also has certain consequences. For some time, pain is completely absent and tendon reflexes disappear.

There are cases of seizures. The pupils of the patient often change, at first they become constricted, and then expand sharply.

Groups of intoxication

There are only two main groups of alcohol disorders, which are divided into subspecies.

Acute intoxication is a condition that occurs after drinking alcohol. It is divided into simple alcohol intoxication, altered forms of simple intoxication and chronic alcoholism. The latter type in medicine is also called pathological intoxication.

Simple intoxication. This subspecies in medicine is defined as a psychological syndrome. Its complexity and course depends on the amount of alcohol consumed, the characteristics of the organism and the time of day.

Although simple intoxication is considered a psychological syndrome, but in case of a legal violation, this does not relieve a person from punishment.

The duration of any type of intoxication depends on the gender of the person, age and racial characteristics, but the main thing is, after all, the dose of the drink.

Changed forms. Intoxication of the body and its degree depends on the physical and mental state of the human body. It can be: recent illnesses or various injuries.

There are several options for modified forms:

1. Dysphoric intoxication. The peculiarity of this state is that at the very beginning of alcohol intake, instead of an elevated mood, a person experiences depression and discontent. In some cases, aggression and conflict may occur. From the side, such symptoms may indicate a severe form of the disease. In fact, such manifestations may contribute to brain failure.
2. paranoid. In this case, the drinker has a great desire to humiliate another person or deceive.
3. Hebephrenic features of an altered form. This is manifested by onomatopoeia, antics, violence. All symptoms are observed in those who suffer from a latent schizophrenic process. A similar manifestation also occurs in adolescents and children.
4. hysterical features. People in this case are prone to hysterical manifestations. The main goal is to get attention. In some cases, this desire leads to suicide.

Pathological or chronic. It is not only an intoxication of the body, but also an idiosyncrasy to alcohol. Such an indicator can manifest itself in case of overwork, psychogeny, and so on.

Chronic intoxication has slightly different symptoms than usual. A person completely lacks coordination of movement and statics, mimic deviations are not observed.

Pathological intoxication has two main forms: epileptoid and paranoid. The first is determined by excessive and sharp excitability, anger and malice. There is also complete amnesia. Paranoid entails hallucinations and screams, which are evaluated as threats.

drunkenness in teenagers

There are many assumptions about the causes of alcoholism in adolescents. According to many experts, the main thing is family feasts and the attitude to alcohol itself. Teenagers from a very young age perceive alcoholic beverages as an integral part of the holiday.

In children, intoxication is only an atypical form. Compared with adults, this species at a respectable age is much less common than in adolescents. The main symptoms are: headaches, periodic vomiting and nausea.

A simple form of intoxication teenagers endure with high spirits and are easily distracted from difficult situations that, when sober, lead to depression and frustration. Compared with adults, children have a very high activity and the presence of vegetative reactions. All young people after drinking alcohol tend to get into crowded places, in the eyes of neighbors or acquaintances. They are also drawn to meet their peers. In most cases, this ends in fights and robberies.

Almost all forms and types of children's intoxication are somewhat different from adults. As for paranoid intoxication, in such cases, delusional thoughts and interpretations sharply arise in children.

There are several types of accentuation, and each in its own way affects the attitude towards alcohol. Cycloids, hyperthyms and mentally unstable children are very prone to drinking, especially among friends. If there is a chance to drink alcohol, then this type of young man prefers only the maximum dose. They combine all this with entertainment and communication.

They often try to avoid drinking the cycloid, but only in the subdepressive phase. For them, alcohol does not cause euphoria like most people, but a deep depression.

Also, emotionally labile people do not prefer drinking. Can use a certain amount solely under the influence of friends of the same age. As a result, they get a euphoric state, but often it turns into vomiting and nausea. There are different cases. In some, despondency transforms into euphoria, which brings pleasure from the feast.

Dysphoric intoxication with elements of anger is inherent in the epileptoid type of people. There is also a fight and aggression towards others. This type of drunkenness can occasionally be found in adolescents of the latent type.

Epileptoids differ in that after the very first symptoms of intoxication, they have an uncontrollable desire to drink a variety of alcoholic beverages until the body turns off. These often have palimpsests.

Schizoids are one of the special people. When drunk, they never have a feeling of euphoria. At the same time, an atypical type of intoxication also does not appear. Even from the smallest amount of alcohol they drink, they become sociable and try as much as possible to talk about their problems and preferences for something.

When using small doses, the body of a teenager reacts in its own way. Having taken up to 20 g of alcohol, intoxication can occur only if a person has low alcohol processing due to liver disease or sunbathing.

Alcoholism is one of the most complex diseases in both children and adults. It negatively affects all internal organs. If the disease is not cured in time, it can lead to the most unpredictable consequences.

Both the pupils and the pulse of a person can show the degree of intoxication. Symptoms at all its stages have their own differences, but it is not so difficult to identify them.

The state of alcoholic intoxication is characterized by severe intoxication of the body. It is most pronounced after drinking a large amount of alcoholic beverages. This is a temporary condition, which is accompanied by a violation of the psychological and physiological functions of the body. Changes in human behavior and reactions. Signs of alcohol intoxication are subjective, but some of them are common to all drinkers.

About the pathological condition

The condition in which vegetative, mental and neurological disorders occur due to the use of alcohol is called alcohol intoxication. It is the result of the influence of the decay products of ethyl alcohol on the human body. These toxic substances adversely affect the entire human body as a whole and the central nervous system in particular. A drunk person is no longer able to control himself. The severity of this condition depends on the individual tolerance of alcohol and the amount of alcohol consumed.

Alcohol is absorbed in all parts of the gastrointestinal tract from the moment it enters the oral cavity and ending with the small intestine. The highest concentration of ethanol in the blood is observed an hour after drinking an alcoholic beverage. With the blood flow, it spreads throughout the body and penetrates into all its tissues. It is broken down in the liver by various enzymes. Ethyl alcohol is excreted in urine, sweat and exhaled air.

Pathological behavioral reactions and other negative manifestations are the result of ethanol exposure to the cerebral cortex. Since the vasomotor and respiratory center is affected, after drinking alcohol, reflexes are weakened, the heartbeat quickens, and breathing changes. In most cases, alcohol intoxication is indicated by three signs: a staggering gait, bad breath, and slurred speech.

Alcohol has a detrimental effect:

• on the heart and blood vessels. Alcohol abuse increases the risk of alcoholic cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia, vascular blockage and other pathologies of the cardiovascular system;
• organs of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Toxic decomposition products of alcohol irritate the mucous membrane of the digestive organs, disrupting this process. Patients with alcoholism often suffer from gastritis and ulcers.
• liver. Alcohol causes necrosis of the liver tissue. The destructive process also occurs after a person has stopped drinking alcohol. With alcoholism, patients may suffer from fatty hepatosis and cirrhosis of the liver.
• urinary system. Ethyl alcohol partially settles in the kidneys, accumulates in sperm and testicles, which reduces reproductive ability and potency.

The negative effect of alcohol on the central nervous system is manifested in a violation of behavioral reactions.

Degrees of severity and their signs

External signs of alcohol intoxication depend on the amount of alcohol consumed and the strength of the alcoholic beverage. The general condition of the human body and the individual characteristics of the perception of alcohol also play an important role in what manifestations can be with alcohol intoxication. Elderly people and teenagers are more likely to get drunk from strong drinks.

All signs of intoxication from alcohol are grouped according to the severity of this condition, there are three of them - light, moderate and severe. In addition, severe poisoning and alcoholic coma stand out separately. This classification is based on the amount of ethanol in the blood. With a mild degree, it ranges from 20 to 100 mmol / l. To achieve a state of mild intoxication, 2-3 glasses of alcohol are enough.

The following features are distinguished:

• redness of the skin of the face from a rush of blood;
• increased excitability;
• cardiopalmus;
• distracted attention;
• uncharacteristic liveliness and wit;
• elation and slight euphoria;
• glitter in the eyes;
• blurry vision.

With mild intoxication, sexual desire and appetite increase. The duration of this state is 3-5 hours, after which the person becomes sleepy and falls asleep deeply. After waking up, there is no hangover and headache. This is due to the fact that a mild degree of intoxication differs more in the psychotropic effect of alcohol than in toxic ones. All memories of a person about what happened are preserved in full.

The average severity of alcohol intoxication is characterized by a combination of toxic and intoxication manifestations. Among the signs, symptoms of a violation of the central nervous system predominate. The average degree is determined by the presence in the blood of 100 to 250 mmol / l of ethyl alcohol. The following manifestations are observed:

• slurred and slow speech;
• difficulty in choosing words;
• inappropriate and impulsive behavior;
• violations of coordination of movements;
• inability to accurately perform small movements;
• shaky and unsteady gait;
• sweeping and intermittent movements;
• difficulty in external perception;
• broken orientation.

With such a degree of intoxication, a person unreasonably increases self-esteem with a sharp decrease in a critical attitude towards oneself. Mood swings are observed, a person can be in a state of euphoria and at the same time sharply show irritability, discontent and resentment. Depressive experiences are again replaced by a feeling of euphoria. After intoxication, a person falls asleep and after waking up, some episodes that occurred while intoxicated fall out of memory and are forgotten. In the morning, pronounced intoxication is manifested, while performance is reduced.

A severe degree of alcohol intoxication is diagnosed when the content of ethyl alcohol in the amount of 250 to 400 mol / l is detected in the blood. In this state, the ability to orientate is almost completely lost and numerous violations of the vital systems of the body are observed. A person is not able to respond to people, he is very slow and does not understand what they are talking about, and he himself cannot explain anything.

The intoxication effect is long and lasts for several days.

The characteristic features of this degree are as follows:

• inability to stand on their own feet;
• significant difficulties in speech and facial expressions;
• dizziness;
• complete lack of appetite;
• nausea and vomiting;
• disturbances of consciousness;
• incontinence of urine and feces;
• decrease in body temperature below normal;
• amnesia.

The physical manifestations of this degree of alcohol intoxication include: a very rapid heartbeat, lowering blood pressure, increased sweating. With such symptoms, formidable complications can develop. A severe degree of intoxication is dangerous because a person can fall into a coma. This is especially true for those who drank a very large dose of alcohol for the first time.

The degree of intoxication is determined by the amount of alcohol in the blood

Signs of pathological intoxication

According to the form of manifestation, alcohol intoxication is divided into:

• to depression. An intoxicated person develops an obsession with suicide. In this case, the help of a specialist is required;
• dysphoric. A person in a state of intoxication has an inexplicable fear and panic, he is suddenly overcome by an insurmountable longing;
• hysterical. It is more common in women and is characterized by increased conflict;
• hebephrenic. An adult in a state of intoxication begins to behave like a child. At the same time, he shows aggression if you point out this fact to him.

Pathological forms include epileptoid and paranoid alcohol intoxication. The first is characterized by sharp changes in prostration and excitation. Its main features are anger and aggression, inappropriate behavior. The consciousness of the intoxicated person is not disturbed. The paranoid form of intoxication is different in that a person develops paranoia, he sees a danger to himself in everything. Gradually, uncontrollable horror seizes him, hallucinations appear.

An alcoholic coma is also a severe form of intoxication. It is accompanied by such manifestations as: loss of consciousness, increased heart rate, constriction of the pupils, severe vomiting. Against the background of low temperature, sweat appears on the patient's forehead, the skin of the face turns blue. With a deep coma, the pulse and pressure drop to a critical level, all life processes slow down, a person may die.

Alcoholic coma - an extreme degree of intoxication

Necessary for drawing up the act of manifestation

Alcohol lovers often face difficulties both in everyday life and at work. So, if an employee has confirmed alcohol intoxication at the workplace, then this threatens him with a disciplinary sanction or even dismissal. Drunk drivers driving vehicles are a danger to others. Therefore, traffic police officers have the right to stop suspicious drivers and check them for the fact of intoxication.

This right is clearly defined in the law. It is also indicated that when such violators are identified, an act of examination of the state of alcoholic intoxication is drawn up. Identification and verification is carried out on the following points: external symptoms, analysis of exhaled air and a blood test for the presence of alcohol. In some cases, to identify residual metabolites of alcohol in the body, it is necessary to take a urine sample.

Examination of alcohol intoxication is fixed by law

The main signs of intoxication are: slurred speech, inappropriate behavior, the smell of alcohol on the breath, a wobbly gait. Therefore, the identification is carried out precisely on these indicators. The following columns are filled in the inspection report:

• Date and place of examination.
• Full name, position and type of subdivision of the person drawing up the act.
• Information about the person being examined (full name, place of work, date of birth and place of residence, telephone number).
• Signs of intoxication.
• The exact time of the start of the examination.
• The device used for the procedure.
• The percentage of detection of ethyl alcohol in the air exhaled by a person.
• Confirmation or refutation of the fact of intoxication.

The examination process must take place in the presence of 2 strangers - witnesses. A copy of the act with the results is given to the person in respect of whom the procedure was carried out. At the same time, he must indicate whether he agrees or not with the presented results and sign the document.

People who take alcohol in small quantities are often mistaken about the weathering of alcohol. It seems that you should sleep well at night, have a hearty breakfast the next morning - and no problems. But everything is not so simple. In some cases, ethyl stays in the blood for a long time. And those people who plan to get behind the wheel in the near future after drinking should remember this.

It is interesting that a person can feel completely sober, the signs of a hangover do not bother him, the condition is stable, and alcohol in the blood still keeps.

The exact concentration of alcohol in the blood can be determined in the course of laboratory tests, but even standard testers are able to capture residual derivatives of alcohol-containing products. The concentration of ethyl in the blood in the range of 0.3-0.6 ppm is completely imperceptible by a person. But this is enough to lose your driver's license. Therefore, you should not take risks by driving the next morning after a party. It is better to purchase an autonomous breathalyzer for private use, which will allow you to track changes in intoxication if there are no external manifestations.

Interestingly, the effect of alcohol-containing products on the human body is not unambiguous. Clarity of thought comes faster than alcohol vapors disappear. In the lungs and Moreover, at first glance, harmless products can lead to an increase in the concentration of alcohol: kvass, non-alcoholic beer, kefir. Everything is determined by the dosage of these drinks, the individual characteristics of the body and the interval between the intake of alcoholic products and substances that increase the level of ethanol in the blood.

If a person needs to take tests or drive, then it is better not to drink at all 24 hours before the planned event. The accuracy of laboratory tests is higher than the results of mobile testers, so the remains of alcohol-containing products with a high degree of probability will be detected in the blood if not enough time passes. The rate of utilization of alcohol depends on the strength of the drink and its sweetness. Wines make you drunk faster, but they also linger in the body less. Vodka and cognac can be processed for a long period.

How quickly the symptoms of intoxication disappear

It is clear that the more drunk the day before, the longer the intoxication lasts. Excessively strong alcohol has a negative effect on the digestive system, as a result of which the process of assimilation of the drunk is inhibited. If you eat fat before drinking, then you can delay the processing of ethyl for several hours. On the one hand, this plays into the hands of those who plan to spend longer in a friendly company without getting drunk. On the other hand, the process of utilization of ethyl derivatives will be delayed for a longer time.

In women, alcohol in the blood lasts longer than in men. The fair sex gets drunk faster, they go longer after drinking, and their hangover is more difficult. In thin people, there is a stronger intoxication than in overweight people. Mature people process alcohol faster than the elderly or teenagers.

A person, even feeling completely sober, may experience discomfort associated with the previous drinking of alcoholic products. This is expressed in an unpleasant odor from the body, general weakness, and a decrease in concentration. All these symptoms indicate that the body did not have time to completely get rid of alcohol.

That is why it is important to get out of a hangover in a natural way. Getting drunk with alcohol, even in minimal doses, is contraindicated.

The duration of the removal of alcohol from the blood can be increased if a person periodically drinks alcohol. Then the body does not have time to completely get rid of ethanol derivatives and accumulates toxins. This phenomenon is often observed in chronic alcoholics. If alcohol dependence is suspected, it is necessary to start taking drugs that contribute to the formation of alcohol resistance. You can order a drug of this kind without publicity on the Internet.

Beer, wine and weak cocktails really quickly disappear, and after a long sleep and a good snack, there is not a trace of them left. If strong drinks appeared in the diet, then it is better to play it safe and not get behind the wheel earlier than a day after the alcohol party.

How to speed up the elimination of alcohol from the body

Suppose a person urgently needs to put himself in order. Of course, it will not be possible to quickly remove alcohol from the body, but it is quite possible to reduce its concentration or remove the residual effect of alcohol intoxication.

There are several recipes for quick sobering up:

• replenishment of water deficiency - the more fluid enters the body, the lower the concentration of ethyl in the blood. True, we should not forget about diuretics. If they are not taken, edema will quickly develop. Help out herbal preparations that stimulate the kidneys and do not harm health;
• vitaminization - ascorbic and succinic acid help to accelerate the utilization of acetaldehyde, a derivative of alcohol. The next morning after drinking alcohol, it is worth drinking citrus juices, rosehip broth, as well as complex vitamins;
• contrast shower - refreshes, tones, improves vascular function and washes away toxins and slags on the surface of the skin. If a contrast shower is unacceptable, then you can simply wash yourself in cool water, but you should not bathe after drinking alcohol. This can be harmful to health;
• walks in the fresh air - saturate the blood with oxygen, boost metabolic processes. Light exercise in the form of walking is an excellent aerobic workout that will help you recover faster after a hangover;
• sound sleep is the best remedy for busting with alcohol. If there is nowhere to hurry in the morning, then it is better to sleep a little longer in order to eliminate alcohol intoxication and the consequences of intoxication.

It is highly undesirable to drink tonic drinks, which include coffee, energy drinks, strong tea. Anti-hangover drugs work well, but Antipolizei drugs do not relieve hangover syndrome, but mask its symptoms. They do not affect the level of ethanol in the blood and do not relieve the effects of previous alcohol intoxication.

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ALCOHOLIC DRUG (acute alcohol intoxication) - an extended syndrome of the effects of alcohol on the body, a kind of transient state that occurs after alcohol intake, which is accompanied by disturbances or changes in physiological, psychological or behavioral functions and reactions.

ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS

Alcohol and its metabolites are toxic substances that affect the central nervous system and the entire body as a whole. The occurrence of alcohol intoxication indicates a pronounced impairment of the individual's ability to control his behavior under normal conditions, which may be associated both with the amount of alcohol taken and with individual sensitivity to it.

CLASSIFICATION

• Simple alcohol intoxication.
• • dysphoric variant.
  • paranoid option.
  • With hebephrenic features.
  • With hysterical features.
• Pathological intoxication (transient psychosis, which is dealt with by psychiatrists).
  • epileptoid form.
  • paranoid form.

CLINICAL PICTURE

Alcohol intoxication includes pathological changes in the mental sphere and behavior, disorders in the system of vegetative-vascular regulation, movement disorders, alcohol breath smell and positive chemical reactions to ethyl alcohol.

• The main symptom of simple alcohol intoxication is euphoria. It usually occurs after taking relatively small doses of alcohol and is relatively short: it lasts for the first 1-3 hours after drinking alcohol. Often euphoria is not stable enough and is easily replaced by dysphoric outbursts. For its emergence and maintenance, it is necessary to maintain a favorable psychological environment. Increased speech and motor activity, expressiveness of behavior, distractibility, disinhibition and increased self-esteem are the main signs of euphoria.
• Altered forms of simple alcohol intoxication.
  • The dysphoric variant of alcohol intoxication occurs in patients with alcoholism, as well as in various kinds of organic brain failure. This variant is characterized by the absence of euphoria, the presence from the very beginning of a gloomy mood with irritability, anger and conflict, a tendency to aggression. A dysphoric shade of mood also occurs at the end of a state of intoxication.
  • The paranoid variant of alcohol intoxication is characterized by suspicion, resentment, captiousness, a tendency to interpret the words and actions of others as a desire to humiliate, ridicule, and defeat the interlocutor.
  • Alcohol intoxication with hebephrenic features is manifested by foolishness, antics, senseless violence.
  • Alcoholic intoxication with hysterical features occurs in the presence of a similar personal predisposition and is accompanied by a theatrical woeful affect, stormy scenes of despair, "madness", demonstrative suicidal attempts.
• The main sign of pathological intoxication is considered to be a relatively long-term clouding of consciousness with an orientation disorder in place, time, situation, and sometimes in one's own personality. At the same time, the external orderliness and expediency of the actions and actions of an individual in a state of intoxication are noted, although in essence there is no understandable motivation in his behavior and it is inadequate to reality. These disorders, as a rule, arise unexpectedly and are accompanied by a sharp change in the affective sphere with the appearance of rage, fear, anger, and unprovoked aggression.

Depending on the nature and severity of clinical manifestations, mild, moderate and severe degrees of alcohol intoxication, as well as alcohol coma, are distinguished.

• Mild degree of alcohol intoxication
  • Minor changes in mental activity (for example, isolation, slow response, irascibility, demonstrative reactions, attempts at dissimulation, euphoria, emotional instability, difficulty concentrating, distractibility, etc.).
  • Strengthening of vegetative-vascular reactions (hyperemia of the skin and mucous membranes, injection of the sclera, increased sweating, tachycardia, etc.).
  • Separate disorders in the motor sphere (possible changes in gait, staggering when walking with quick turns, instability in the sensitized and simple Romberg position, inaccuracy in performing small movements and coordinating tests, horizontal nystagmus when looking to the side, a positive Taschen test).
  • The smell of alcohol from the mouth.
  • Positive chemical reactions to alcohol (in body media - exhaled air, urine or blood).
• Moderate alcohol intoxication
  • Pronounced changes in mental activity: behavior accompanied by a violation of social norms, incorrect assessment of the situation, lethargy, arousal with aggressive or auto-aggressive actions and inadequate statements, euphoria, dysphoria, violation of the sequence of presentation of thoughts, fragmentation of statements, elements of perseveration, slowing down and impoverishment of associations, etc.
  • Vegetative-vascular disorders: hyperemia or blanching of the skin and mucous membranes, tachycardia, increased respiration, fluctuations in blood pressure, increased sweating, salivation, dilated pupils, their sluggish reaction to light (photoreaction).
  • Motor and neuromuscular disorders: pronounced dysarthria, instability in the standing position and when walking, distinct disturbances in coordination of movements, decreased tendon reflexes and pain sensitivity, horizontal nystagmus.
  • Positive chemical tests for ethyl alcohol.
• Severe degree of alcohol intoxication
  • Severe disorders of mental activity: disorientation, severe lethargy, drowsiness, low accessibility to contact with people around, misunderstanding of the meaning of questions, fragmentary meaningless statements.
  • Severe vegetative-vascular disorders: tachycardia, arterial hypotension, hoarse breathing due to accumulation of mucus in the oral cavity and nasopharynx, pallor of the skin and mucous membranes, sweating, in some cases involuntary urination, poor pupillary response to light.
  • Severe motor and neuromuscular disorders: inability to stand independently and perform purposeful actions, suppression of tendon reflexes, decreased corneal reflexes, sometimes spontaneous nystagmus.
  • Strong smell of alcohol from the mouth.
  • Positive chemical tests for ethyl alcohol. In the blood, as a rule, more than 3 ppm of alcohol is found.
• Alcoholic coma
  • There are no signs of mental activity (unconsciousness, lack of reactions to the environment).
  • Severe disorders of the autonomic regulation and activity of the cardiovascular system (collaptoid state, involuntary urination and defecation, respiratory disorders).
  • Severe neuromuscular disorders (sharp decrease in muscle tone, absence of pain, corneal, tendon reflexes, in some cases pathological reflexes, hyperkinesis, etc.).
  • Strong smell of alcohol.
  • The concentration of alcohol in the blood over 3-4 ppm.