Regional State General Education state-financed organization"Border special (correctional) general education boarding school"

"Lesson - Journey
across the mainland
Australia"

Geography teacher:

Loskutova Marina Gennadievna

The purpose of the lesson:

educational: generalization and systematization of knowledge about geographical location, flora and fauna, the population of mainland Australia.

Correction-developing:correction of verbal memory based on students' exercises in memorizing and storing geographical concepts and objects in memory, development oral speech.

Educational: to cultivate interest in the study of the nature of the world through geography lessons, to promote the formation of a tolerant attitude towards other peoples.

Equipment and materials: physical map of the world, presentation, interactive whiteboard, handout.

Lesson type: generalization and systematization of knowledge.

During the classes

I. Organizational moment.

Hello guys!

Who is on duty today? The attendant will be my assistant at the lesson today. Is everyone in class today? Who is absent?

Check if everything is ready for your lesson? (pens, notebooks and textbooks)

Human kindness is the most amazing phenomenon in the world.

They smiled at each other. I see you are in a good mood. Today my colleagues came to our lesson, give them your smiles. We are gearing up for active work. Now, let's sit down.

II. Knowledge update.

1. Guys, how many continents are on our planet? (Eurasia, S. America, South America, Africa, Antarctica and Australia) SLIDE (work with an interactive whiteboard, show the continents on a physical map of the world)

III. Preparation for the perception of the topic.

What an amazing continent we have been studying for several lessons (Australia).

And now find among the proposed contours of the continents, the mainland that we studied. (Continents are signed by numbers)

The task "Find the mainland along the contour" Slide

(Checking the completion of the task)

So, guys, what continent are we talking about today? (Australia) Well done, you did the right job. Slide "Australia"

Today we will go on a trip, that is, we will be tourists. And first we need to remember what we know about Australia.

Listen to an excerpt from the poem and identify those statements that talk about the features of mainland Australia. SLIDE

“Australia is a country in reverse

She is below us.

They obviously walk upside down

There's an inside-out year,

There the gardens bloom in October,

There is summer in January, not July,

There are rivers flowing without water

(They disappear somewhere in the desert).

Animals are born from eggs

And the dogs don't know how to bark.

The trees themselves climb out of the bark.

There the rabbits are scarier than the flood

The capital has no population.
Australia is a country on the contrary ... "G. Usova

(Student answers:

Located in the southern hemisphere;

Summer follows the calendar winter;

Rivers - screams - drying up during the rainless period;

The emu and the cassowary do not fly;

The platypus and echidna hatch their young from eggs and feed them with milk like mammals;

The wild dog dingo does not bark, but only yelps;

Eucalyptus sheds bark;

There are many wild rabbits that devour everything around;

The capital Canberra has a smaller population than the cities of Sydney and Melbourne)

Conclusion: What do we remember after listening to the poem? About the features of the mainland Australia: they named geographical objects, representatives of the flora and fauna.

VI. Checking the studied geographical concepts and objects.

Now each of you can feel like a real traveler - a researcher who will perform various tasks.

Guys, what should a traveler be able to do? (to navigate the terrain and know various geographical objects and their concepts).

That's right, in order to notice and see all the wonders and beauty of the mainland, you need to be very attentive. Therefore, we need a "Traveler's Diary", in which you will note the correctness of the tasks. And at the end of the journey, we will summarize.

(In front of the completed task, you put a + sign in your diary)

In our journey, we need to remember some geographical concepts that we need to remember and know.

one. " Geographic Concepts. SLIDE

Define geographic terms.

Artesian water-

artesian well-

aborigines-

boomerang-

Conclusion: guys, you know geographical concepts well and today they will be useful to you.

(Who answered my questions and answered correctly, put a + sign in your diaries, if they answered incorrectly, the - sign)

There has been confusion on our journey and we need to find the right answer. SLIDE

2. Match.

It is necessary to connect the beginning and end of the sentence with arrows.

Conclusion: Did you find the right answers?

What helped you find them?

Knowledge of geographical concepts helped.

Guys, in order not to get lost, you need to navigate the mainland and know the location of geographical objects.

3. Name geographical objects according to the given numbers. SLIDE

Guys, let's check if you marked the objects on the contour map correctly. (Checking the chain: one calls, everyone checks).

You are well oriented on the contour map, now you definitely won’t get lost on the ground.

(Filling out the diary)

And to be attentive on the road, we need to rest a bit!

Fizkultminutka. SLIDE

"Map Journey" To travel you need to know the sides of the horizon. Let's mark them on the map. The teacher asks everyone to stand up and look at the map to the north, south, west, east. And now close your eyes, lower your head and silently count to 10. We opened our eyes, spread our arms in different directions, as if showing what a big card we have.

Well done! We are now rested and ready to move on.

V. Repetition and analysis of the main geographical facts.

During the trip, we got caught in a downpour, and some of your travel notes became unreadable. To do this, we need to fill out a punch card.

"Fill in the punch card" SLIDE

Mutual verification.

In your diaries, put a + sign if 3-4 correct answers, a “-” sign if 1-2 correct answers

Conclusion: Did we complete the task? Is it now possible to read our travel notes? What helped you complete this task?

Knowledge about mainland Australia helped. Now you are not afraid of any showers.

Well done! Great job. Don't forget to keep your travel diaries. And we're moving on with you.

2. The composition of the population of Australia.

Any traveler, coming to a foreign country, seeks to get acquainted with the locals. Consider the composition of the Australian population.

Population: Indigenous and newcomers. SLIDE

Guys, is there a difference between the indigenous and the alien population?

Give short description life of the indigenous people of Australia.

Conclusion: Guys, can we distinguish an aborigine from a migrant? By what signs? By skin color, by appearance, by lifestyle.

VI.Checking the acquired knowledge. SLIDE

Name the marsupials of Australia.

Which bear is the symbol of Australia?

Why did Australia pass laws prohibiting the export of plants and animals?

Are there volcanoes on the mainland?

What landform is characteristic of Australia?

Australia is the largest……… mainland.

What animals are featured on the Australian coat of arms?

Growing in Australia breadfruit Why is it named like that?

What animals are depicted on Australian coins?

A flightless bird in Australia?

Guys, it’s not in vain that we studied mainland Australia for several lessons? Did this knowledge help you today in our journey?

VII. Summary of the lesson.

Our journey has come to an end. What do you remember the most? On which continent did we travel? What oceans surround the mainland? What is the name of the indigenous people of Australia?

Well done, you all know.

Throughout the journey, you filled out the Traveler's Diaries. Now you will announce your results and we will summarize who was the most attentive explorer of mainland Australia today. Count your + , and we will write your results on the board.

You all did a good job today. The most attentive according to your results was ………………………………………………………, but I also followed how you worked in the lesson. Comments

Announcement of grades for the lesson.

VIII. Reflection

“Happiness is when you are interested in life. It is interesting to live - when you learn something interesting, when you feel good with others, when you are ready to do a lot for others. SLIDE
It was interesting for me, guys, to work with you today, and I feel just moments of happiness. Can you relate these words to yourself?

Who is pleased with himself and felt confident during the lesson, coped with all the tasks? Who had difficulty completing the task? And who felt insecure? Smiley cards on your table. Show that emoticon of the feeling that you are experiencing.

Thank you for the lesson. SLIDE

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Presentation on the topic: Australia travel

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Australia (English Australia, from Latin australis "southern") is a state in the Southern Hemisphere, a member of the Commonwealth of Nations. The capital of the state is the city of Canberra. Located on mainland Australia, Tasmania and several other islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. The sixth largest state in the world, the only state that occupies an entire mainland. To the north of the Commonwealth of Australia are East Timor, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea, to the northeast - Vanuatu, New Caledonia and the Solomon Islands, to the southeast - New Zealand. The shortest distance between the main island of Papua New Guinea and the mainland of the Commonwealth of Australia is only 145 km, and the distance from the Australian island of Boigu to Papua New Guinea is only 5 km.

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The name "Australia" comes from the Latin. australis, which literally translates as "southern" (land). Legends about the "unknown southern land" (terra australis incognita), dating back to the times of the Roman Empire, were quoted in medieval geography books, but were not based on real knowledge. The adjective "Australische" was also used by the Dutch officials of Batavia (modern Jakarta) to refer to all the southern lands newly discovered since 1638. The word "Australia" was used in the translated English language book by the French utopian writer Gabriel de Foigny "The Adventures of Jacques Sader, his journey and the discovery of the Astral Earth" (1676), in which he describes an imaginary country without a state and laws.

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The Commonwealth of Australia is a state in the Southern Hemisphere with an area of ​​7,692,024 km². Australia is the sixth largest state in the world after Russia, Canada, China, the USA and Brazil, occupying about 5% of the Earth's land surface. It includes: mainland Australia (including the island of Tasmania) with an area of ​​7,659,861 km² (the area of ​​other coastal islands is 32,163 km²), Cocos (Keeling) Islands with an area of ​​14 km², Christmas Island with an area of ​​135 km², Ashmore and Cartier Islands with an area of ​​2 km², the Coral Sea Islands with an area of ​​​​about 780 thousand km² (the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe water area is indicated; the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe islands themselves is less than 3 km²), the Heard and McDonald Islands with an area of ​​\u200b\u200b370 km² (are part of the Australian Antarctic Territory), Norfolk Island with an area of ​​\u200b\u200b35 km² and the Australian Antarctic Territory with an area of ​​\u200b\u200b6.1 million km² (Australian sovereignty over this territory is not recognized by most countries of the world). The northern and eastern coasts of Australia are washed by the Pacific Ocean: the Arafura, Coral, Tasman, Timor Seas; western and southern - the Indian Ocean. Near Australia are the large islands of New Guinea and Tasmania. Along the northeast coast of Australia, the world's largest coral reef, the Great Barrier Reef, stretches for more than 2,000 kilometers. Australia is a huge country stretching from west to east for almost 4,000 kilometers and from north to south for about 3,860 kilometers. The extreme points of the mainland are: in the north - Cape York (10 ° S), in the south - Cape South East Cape (39 ° S), in the west - Cape Steep Point (114 ° E). .), in the east - Cape Byron (154 ° E). The length of the coastline of Australia is 59,736 km (of which the mainland - 35,877 km, the island - 23,859 km), and the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe exclusive economic zone is 8,148,250 km².

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Coat of arms of Australia The coat of arms of Australia is the official symbol of the country. The coat of arms was originally granted to the country by King Edward VII on May 7, 1908, and the current version of the coat of arms was granted by King George V on September 19, 1912, although the 1908 version continued to be used in some cases until 1966. So, the "old" coat of arms was used on coins in denominations of six pence.

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History of the coat of arms Following the announcement of the Federation of Australia, the first official coat of arms of Australia was approved by King Edward VII on May 7, 1908. original design are believed to have been created in 1805 by Bowman, who painted the coat of arms with a rose, shamrock and thistle supported by kangaroos and emus. It consisted of a shield in the center, 7 stars, a wreath, and a Kangaroo and an Emu supporting the shield, all set against a backdrop of green grass, containing the motto "Advance Australia". The choice of kangaroo, emu and the motto "Advance Australia" were linked together symbolically. The shield was on a white background, with a red cross of Saint George, a blue line outside the cross, and blue containing six symbols. Red on a white background represents the 6 states of Australia. The Scottish Patriot Association was skeptical, noting that the coat of arms should show the Union Flag and represent British and Irish settlers. This coat of arms was used by the government, and appeared on the sixpence from 1910 to 1963, and on the threepence, shilling and florin from 1910 to 1936. The coat of arms, created in 1908, in 1911, was officially granted to George V on September 19, 1912. The design of the coat of arms caused a long debate in Parliament. William Kelly, in Parliament, said: "Emu and kangaroo, so worth that they hardly fit into the heraldic atmosphere, and I think we laugh when we do our best to carry all the traditions of the Old World on our coat of arms, with some of the wild creations of our Australian fauna. Hansard, House of Representatives, 31 October 1912 Despite objections, the kangaroo and emu remained to support the shield in the new coat of arms of the country and were modified to look more realistic. The main reason for the reorganization of the emblem was to solve problems with other state emblems that Australia could not represent separately, and this was achieved, the symbols of each state were depicted on the emblem on the shield. In 1912, the emblem was changed, and the inscription on the shield read "Australia ". The flowers in the wreath have also been changed from blue and white to blue and gold. 2 acacia flowers have been added to the background, but it is not integral part emblem.

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Great Barrier Reef The Great Barrier Reef is a ridge of coral reefs and islands in the Coral Sea, stretching along the northeast coast of Australia for 2500 km. It stretches from south to north, starting at the Tropic of Capricorn between the cities of Gladstone and Bundaberg, and ending in the waters of the Torres Strait, which separates Australia from New Guinea. His total area 348,698 sq. km that more area Great Britain. In the northern part, the width is about 2 km, in the southern part - 152 km. Most of the reefs are under water (they are exposed during low tides). In the south, the reef is 300 km from the coast, and further north, at Cape Melville, it approaches the mainland at a distance of up to 32 km. A number of reefs, under the influence of the abrasion-accumulative activity of the sea, have turned into coral islands. Marine National Park (over 5 million hectares, founded in 1979, included in the World Heritage List); protection of flora and fauna of coasts and shallow waters.

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The Great Dividing Range The Great Dividing Range is a mountain system stretching along the east and southeast coast of Australia for approximately 4,000 km. It was formed in the Neogene-Anthropogen on the site of a denuded Paleozoic folded country. The mountains are composed mainly of limestone, granite, gneiss, volcanic rocks. Known deposits of oil and gas, hard and brown coal, tin, polymetallic ores, gold, copper, titanium magnetite and monazite sands. The eastern slopes are steep, strongly and deeply dissected; the western slopes gently merge into hilly foothills (downs). North of 28°S sh. the mountains are relatively low, reaching a width of 650 km. Coastal ranges about 1000 m high and volcanic plateaus are separated by wide longitudinal basins from the western, lower watershed chain with gently sloping peaks. To the south are higher and monolithic mountains. The ranges are McPherson, New England, Hastings, Liverpool, the Blue Mountains and the Australian Alps. Highest point- Mount Kosciuszko (2228 m). Numerous rivers originate on the slopes, including the largest on the continent - Murray and Darling. Many dams have been erected in river valleys to generate electricity and provide cities with water. Vegetation - deciduous-evergreen and eucalyptus forests (eastern slopes), savannahs, woodlands, shrubs (western slopes).

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Inhabitants of Australia Currently, almost 20 million people live in Australia, of which 72% are Anglo-Celts, 17% are other Europeans and 6% are Asians. About 21% of current Australians are not native to this country and another 21% are descendants of second-generation immigrants who did not have at least one parent. Only 2% of the population are descendants of the indigenous inhabitants of Australia - Aborigines belonging to a special Australoid race. native of this country. The influence of different cultures is obvious: it is manifested in the appearance of the streets, in the popularity of restaurants specializing in national cuisines, in the spread of football (previously considered an "immigrant" game), in the growth of the share of adherents of the Orthodox, Muslim, Hindu, Sikh and Buddhist faiths and in the diversity of the press in foreign languages.

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Australia is a country that can offer the most unexpected romantic getaway. Here, a couple can relax both on the snow-white beaches of Australian port towns, and retire on a remote island. Also on the Green Continent, you can spend the same honeymoon outside the box and, after relaxing on the beach, visit, for example, a ski resort.

A trip to Australia for two best option for a couple who wants to enjoy the beauty of a beautiful, cozy and at the same time wild country. So, what types of romantic getaways are possible on this picturesque and controversial mainland?

trip to australia for two suggest both a tourist route organized by the agency, and another option - the knowledge of the beauties and sights of the Green Continent on your own.

Of course, if we talk about Australia as a place where you can spend a honeymoon, then the first location that can and should visit together with his soulmate - this is the rock of Uluru.

Here you can see with your own eyes how the shades of this world-famous majestic rock change. Uluru is located near the resort town of Yulara.

The most popular type of romantic getaway, which you can do on your own - this is a vacation on the islands. You can fly here anytime from Cairns.

Another location that is popular among couples who decide to spend their honeymoon in Australia is city ​​of Elbeni. The resort, which is located on the very edge of the mainland near the Stirling Range, at the extreme western point of the Great Australian Bight.

Picturesque port town will surprise the newlyweds with amazing clean beaches, clean air, picturesque views and delicious local food.

also like those who want to spend a romantic vacation on the Green Continent.

This state is definitely celebrates Australian resorts, because here tourists have the opportunity not only to sunbathe on the best beaches in the world, go diving and visit protected areas with unique fauna but also visit ski resorts.

Tourism in Australia can be so romantic and educational at the same time that often travelers who come here in pairs for the first time cannot describe in words how much better reality is than what they imagined.

Ski resorts of the Green Continent

If you want to visit the best ski resorts in Australia with your significant other, then you should know that the skiing season in this country starts in June and ends in September when on the mainland, unlike the CIS countries, winter.

Advice! Between June and September, skiers from all over the world come to Australia, so if you prefer a more secluded holiday, it is better to come in other months - from November to April. During this period, ski resorts have good discounts and relative tourist calm.

most popular mountain resorts Australia are the complexes of the Great Dividing Range in Victoria - "Falls Creek" and "Mount Hotham".

Each resort ski complex provides tourists comfortable rooms- from budget to elite rooms, as well as the necessary equipment for skiing and other services.

Whitsunday Islands

Romantic tourism Australia cannot do without the Whitsunday Islands, which are located off the coast of the "King's Land".

Every Isle of the Whitsunday is a real piece of paradise with pristine white sand beaches, warm sea, unique flora and fauna.

Whitsunday Islands called heaven for lovers not just like that. Here, nature itself speaks of romance, feelings and relaxation. On one of the islands of the archipelago there is a location called "One Tree Hill", which is a place where betrothal rites are often held.

Especially popular enjoys the island in, which is shaped like a heart. Of course, such an unusual shape is a magnet for lovers. Couples in love come here not only to spend their honeymoon, but also to sign on the picturesque island.

A romantic holiday in Australia allows a couple of lovers not only to enjoy each other's company, but also to do it against the backdrop of beautiful nature and wildlife. In addition, the resorts of the Green Continent are always comfortable and good quality, even if you chose a bungalow on the shore of a small island.

Also, a trip to Australia always involves not only a relaxed holiday, but also an active pastime - diving, surfing and other sports. Romance on this mainland special and unforgettable.

GREAT JOURNEY IN AUSTRALIA.

Australia is a large country located in the southern hemisphere. This is a world of pristine nature, a country of intricate rocks, rainforests and red deserts - it fascinates even an experienced traveler.

The only country in the world that occupies an entire continent. The beautiful island is the largest on the planet, and a variety of sightseeing spots attract millions of visitors every year. It's really a good choice, Australia is worth visiting such an amazing and mysterious distant country. You can enjoy the ocean, relax on the beaches, see the picturesque nature.The fauna and flora of Australia are unique - koalas, kangaroos, platypuses, echidnas, ten-meter horsetails and ferns.

Weather in Australia.

Generally pleasant to most people. The climate here is divided into several types: tropical desert climate, rainforest climate, Mediterranean climate, subtropical, monsoon and savanna. Although the types of climates vary from region to region, the temperature in the whole country is not too hot in summer and not too cold in winter, so the island is generally suitable for tourism all year round: November - January is the hottest time of the year, relatively cool in the month of June - to the month of August.

For an active holiday, there is a wide range of pleasures available for you, exciting and relaxing trips. You can swim with dolphins, ride camels or horses, and take pictures with koalas. For lovers of winter entertainment - excellent ski resorts. If you prefer exciting sports activities, you can experience skydiving or scuba diving, it's a lot of bright and unforgettable experiences.

If you like to travel by car, you can rent a car and have some fun on Australia's highways. Road transport in Australia is very developed. Along with transport on the roads, rail transport has received no less development.

Maritime communication Australia has with all continents. The largest ports in Australia are: Cairns, Brisbane, Darwin, Fremantle, Geelong, Adelaide. Sydney is one of the most beautiful and unique port cities in the world. On every trip, delicious food also goes a long way. A huge selection of restaurants, cafes make food inexpensive and affordable. Australia is a country of immigrants, so there is always a huge selection of gourmet dishes for you different countries and regions such as China, Thailand , Malaysia, India, Japan and Vietnam .

Australian cuisine is quite diverse.

Wines in Australia are some of the most aromatic wines on the planet and are considered a woman's drink. Beer is predominantly a male drink and is always drunk cold. Here you can meet tourists from different nationalities and see some interesting differences between different food cultures. While on vacation, remember to keep in touch with family and friends. For this, there are SIM cards for tourists, which is considered international. With this card you won't feel isolated communication with people. For convenience, a phone card can be bought at newspaper agencies, shops or at a mobile phone point. Compared to other countries, housing in Australia is not too expensive. At your service are comfortable hotels, an inexpensive motel and even cheap campsites. In short, Australia is an attractive country for tourism because of its pleasant weather, stunning views, colorful outdoor activities, flavorful food and comfortable accommodation.