The building materials market now offers wall blocks both individually and in cubic meters. Having made the calculation of blocks for building a house using a calculator, the developer will be sure that there will be enough of them, but there will be no unused ones.
How to use the calculator
In the first field of the calculator for calculating blocks for a house, you need to select the type of block (its size and density). The initial data for the calculation of aerated concrete or expanded clay concrete blocks are also building parameters determined from the project:
Angle of rotation at the tip of the turret. Maximum deviation in point of view. Establish straight and curved wall set differences between adjacent bulkheads. This avoided internal supports and the system offered the lightest combined horizontal and vertical designs. Movement of the hotel towers Due to their asymmetric geometry, the horizontal movement of the towers is associated not only with lateral but also with vertical forces. Because this behavior was critical in the construction and operation of the towers, the following movements of the tower were carefully examined: the angle of twist at the top of the tower.
- The perimeter of load-bearing and internal walls.
- Wall height.
- The number of window and door openings, the size of each.
- Wall thickness.
- The thickness of the mortar layer of masonry.
By simple calculations, the area of \u200b\u200ball the walls is determined (their width is multiplied by the height). Then the area of door and window openings is subtracted from it.
Calculation of expanded clay concrete blocks for walls without gables
Maximum deviation in section. Differences between straight and oblique wall spacings between adjacent bulkheads. Due to their geometry and specific creep and shrinkage, the completed towers will continue to deform laterally before they converge after 30 years. Elevators, a building envelope, house technologies, etc. have already been taken into account. erecting the hotel tower Building the leaning tower proved to be another challenge, as it was not possible without the need for expensive ancillary structures.
The final figure will be the area of \u200b\u200bthe masonry, and to determine its volume, the resulting value must be multiplied by the thickness of the walls. If for the purchase it is necessary to calculate the number of blocks in pieces, the formula is applied:
K \u003d V class. : V bl. , PCS.,
where V cl. – masonry volume, m³,
V bl. – volume of one block, m³.
Cost-effective houses made of aerated concrete blocks are built from material that has different sizes. For walls, material with a size of 300 mm x 200 mm x 600 mm (width, height, length) is most in demand, blocks of 100 x 200 x 600 (mm) are more often used for partitions.
Early in the design phase, in-depth studies were conducted to evaluate the many available design options. He concluded that it would be very costly, if not practically impossible, to erect towers with a structure that had no power to absorb. For this reason. main supporting elements. To limit the coercive forces in the main components, a specification was developed with detailed information about production processes. This information was included in the invitation to tender and allowed bidders to provide the most suitable and preferred formwork and scaffolding systems for the project.
In the first case, V bl. \u003d 0.3 x 0.2 x 0.6 \u003d 0.036 m³, the volume of the block for the construction of partitions will be 0.1 x 0.2 x 0.6 \u003d 0.012 m³. So for a cubic meter outer wall from aerated concrete blocks you will need 28 pcs. blocks (1 m³: 0.036 m³ = 27.8 pcs., We accept 28 pcs.). For laying a cubic meter of partitions, 84 pieces will be required. aerated concrete blocks (1 m³: 0.012 = 83.3 pieces, we accept 84 pieces).
Steel posts are installed to support sloped walls on straight walls and limit movement. A series of vertical tensioners in the walls were used to control force forces. Accurate calculations were carried out at each stage of the building to assess tension and movement at different design stages and ensure design intent. During the construction period, a real-time monitoring system was implemented to record the actual stress and movement.
The one-acre park sits atop three 55-story hotel towers, with landscaped gardens, restaurants, diamond pools, and a long, self-contained observation deck that offers visitors a 360° panoramic view of the city. Arup had to master a number of structural challenges: the first was to create a design that was safe and easy to build at high altitude using a combination of bridge building and building techniques. The dynamic characteristics of a load-bearing structure are especially difficult to predict in advance, as they are influenced by many components and structures.
The final operation of determining the consumption of blocks using a calculator is pressing the "Calculate" button.
Area as a criterion for calculating the need for wall blocks
In our example, two types of blocks were mentioned - for external and internal walls - differing only in width, which does not affect the area of \u200b\u200bthe walls. In this case, it is easier to calculate right amount building material on the wall area.
In addition, large-scale vibration tests were carried out to validate the design. Although designed as simple piers, the bridge piers have a special rod that holds each deck in place in the event of an earthquake. A long, freely cantilevered load-bearing structure, 200 m above the ground, alone considered numerous options and ultimately decided for a stretched chest. The bridge trusses, chests and cantilevers were assembled at level 1. The movable gantry is mounted on crossbeams between the main channel, a method commonly used in bridge construction.
Initial data:
1. Length of the house - 18 m;
2. Width -10.5 m;
3. Ceiling height - 2.8 m. The design height of the building, equal to 3 m, provides for raising the wall by 14 rows:
3 m: 0.215 m = 13.95 (accept 14 rows), where:
0.215 m - the height of the block, taking into account the thickness of the solution. That. the height of the building would be 2.8 m (0.2 x 14) without taking into account the solution.
4. Doorways measuring 1.3 x 2.1 - 3 pcs. - in the outer walls and 5 doors (1.25 x 2.1) - in the inner walls.
The hotel casino complex has become a symbol for Singapore - at the same time, it is a stunning project that has dramatically changed the construction industry. It stood in an unusual location and was almost completely surrounded by the fire walls of neighboring buildings, so all daylight had to come from above. Gianni Botsford used computer techniques he developed at the Architectural Association to design the structure and distribution of daylight for the roof as an optimized picture of different types glasses with different thermal and transparent properties.
5. The length of the inner walls is 38 m.
6. Number of windows - 7 pcs. (size 1.4 x 1.85).
The calculation method involves the following steps:
determination of the perimeter of the outer walls: (18 x 2) + (10.5 x 2) = 57 m;
calculation of the area of external walls: 57 x 2.8 \u003d 159.6 m²;
calculation of the corrected area of the outer walls by subtracting the area occupied by the openings from the size of the total wall surface:
We first focused on the problems of having sunlight and daylight. How to increase the volume and at the same time can save sunlight and daylight on the property and neighboring property? This work was very promising because it connected an interesting one.
The problem with the problem of sustainability: how to best use resources without affecting the environment? A few months later, Christy Shea, a computer technology expert in technical optimization, arrived from the University of Cambridge in Arup. Together with Gianni Botsford we have also taken part in other competitions for libraries, museums, cities and tall buildings. Our house in Notting Hill was our first test.
159.6 - (3 x (1.3 x 2.1) - 7 (1.4 x 1.85)) \u003d 159.6 - 8.19 - 18.13 \u003d 133.28 m²;
determination of the area of internal walls:
38 x 2.8 = 106.4 m²;
calculation of the area of internal walls not occupied by openings:
106.4 - (5 (1.25 x 2.1) - 7 (1.4 x 1.85)) \u003d 106.4 - 13.125 \u003d 93.275 m²;
determination of the area of one block with dimensions of 300 x 200 x 600:
0.2 m x 0.6 m = 0.12 m².
This means that 8.33 pieces will fit in 1 m² of the wall of such blocks. (1 m²: 0.12 m² = 8.33). For blocks 100 x 200 x 600, going to the internal walls, the area of \u200b\u200bone will also be 0.12 m², since the height and length values for both types of block material are similar;
As part of our initial considerations for the availability of sunlight and daylight, we also looked at how daylight could be maximized in some parts of a building without. For example, the bedrooms received too much sunlight. Using these methods, we can easily create dozens of Pareto-optimal designs, improve and discuss them in real time. Pre-calculated solutions are extracted using genetic algorithms from a huge database. These solutions are Pareto optimal, at least the combination of criteria is the best of all cases, but all "best" solutions can be reviewed and discussed once a decision is made.
calculation of the required number of blocks 300 x 200 x 600:
133.28 x 8.33 = 1110.22 pieces. Taking into account the stock of material for trimming, a coefficient of 1.05 is applied, i.e. the number of blocks will be: 1110.22 x 1.05 = 1165.7 pieces, we accept 1166 pieces;
determination of the required number of blocks 100 x 200 x 600:
93.275 x 8.33 = 776.98 pieces. Taking into account the waste during trimming (≈ 5%), the need with a margin will be: 776.98 x 1.05 = 815.83 pieces, we accept 816 pieces.
At that time there were no graphical programming languages. Support for acoustic lighting. We started exploring the web by linking different computers - one for each discipline - and letting them talk to each other. It was like watching a discussion project, with experts from different disciplines rejecting or approving a project based on their experience and criteria.
Instead, a cluster of computers calculated the quality of the proposed design and had changes until a solution was found in which everything was in order. Require lighting. The main issue is spotlight flickering, which can be problematic with extremely slow playback. So the question is, how do we get sharp, bright images when light sources flicker? One approach is to mix different groups of lighting elements with different phases. Usually the three phases are mixed.
To determine the number of bricks, it uses a similar calculation algorithm.
Online calculator of building blocks is designed to perform calculations of building materials necessary for the construction of walls of houses, garages, utility and other premises. The calculations can take into account the dimensions of the gables of the building, door and window openings, as well as related materials such as mortar and masonry mesh. Be careful when filling in the data Special attention for units of measurement.
But how can you determine the correct phase for each of the 500 lights to minimize flicker at any point? Using genetic algorithms, we were able to reduce flicker by optimal distribution fixtures for each of the electrical phases ten times.
Space navigator Pareto-optimal possibilities of distribution of double-glazed windows of glass panels for one of the Pareto-optimal configurations Multidimensional space simulation of solar radiation to represent shading on building masses the presence of solar radiation in a city yard.
When filling in the data, pay attention to the additional information with the sign Additional Information
Technologies do not stand still, including construction. For the construction of walls, wood has replaced brick, and today its place is increasingly occupied by building blocks obtained by artificial means, and, depending on the raw materials used, may have different characteristics.
City Optimization Lighting problems are of any magnitude. In the case of building plans, there is inevitably a trade-off between building volume and daylight and sunlight that is available between buildings and public spaces. These trade-offs depend on many local conditions such as buildings, clouds, sunlight, etc. the advantages and disadvantages are clear and facilitate discussion of the actual goals of the project. Curiosity, passion for surprises, but also the openness of the whole team inspire us.
Or, let's say, with Christy Shea: "It's also about not optimizing your design with a computer." Giulio Antonutto-Foy, Andy Sedgwick. Pioneer passion - from personal inspiration to Arupa culture. Wood is undeniably one of the oldest known building materials. With the development of reinforced concrete and steel construction and its main use in the construction industry, wood as a building material has gone into oblivion. Wood is a renewable resource and is quite affordable - this means sustainable low prices.
With building blocks are popular in the construction of low-rise buildings, and walls of monolithic-frame buildings. Of these, you can not only build external walls, but also be used for internal partitions and interior walls. Concrete blocks are also suitable for the manufacture prefabricated foundation for light buildings.
The advantages of building blocks are obvious. With their help, it is possible to build a building in a short time without the use of special equipment. They have good thermal insulation and the necessary strength. Therefore, the funds spent on insulation will be significantly lower than in brick construction. And if we compare building blocks with wooden log cabins, then this is not only less additional funds and work, but also a higher durability of the building.
Wooden building components can be designed and efficiently manufactured using building information modeling and computerized numerical control, thereby speeding up the construction process. Wood - very efficient construction material with high bearing capacity and very low weight. New and modern wood materials, glued laminated wood, plank and plywood laminated wood allow for more efficient designs.
Planning and fire safety specialists. We all have years of experience with wood material and are passionate about rediscovering the construction of wood and the potential that the material contains. The study was funded by Austria as part of the Home of the Future initiative.
Blocks do not need such a strong vapor barrier as, for example, wood. Given their size and lightness, even the foundation for such a house will cost much less compared to brick and reinforced concrete. The use of a special masonry adhesive increases the thermal insulation of the walls, and makes them more attractive in appearance.
Why wooden construction - in modern building? The planning and then successful completion of the Metropol Umbrella in Seville was the reason why a competent scaffolding team was formed in the Berlin Arup office. It consists of structural planers, physicists under construction, facades.
These measures reduce construction time and reduce construction costs. ground floor and two underground floors above were designed as reinforced concrete, the remaining 18 floors were designed in a massive wooden structure. Separate elements of a wooden multi-storey building. Core We explore different options and approaches, Wood paneling, sheathing and glulam. Our studies showed that the axial forces generated in the core were decisive for the determination of dimensions and cross section, while the transverse forces in the wall disks were almost negligible.
Building blocks can be divided into two types:
- artificial - they are obtained by mixing concretes of different composition at factories, using special vibroforming machines. The resulting material, depending on the raw material, is distinguished by the necessary strength, density and thermal insulation properties.
- Natural - are relatively more expensive than those offered by the factory. They are obtained by careful processing, grinding of rocks. Most often they are used as decorative finishes facades.
Artificial building blocks include: aerated concrete, foam concrete, expanded clay concrete, polystyrene concrete, sawdust concrete and many others. Each type is used depending on the required qualities, and has both a number of advantages and a number of disadvantages. One species has good thermal insulation performance, but they are somewhat inferior in strength (when compared, for example, aerated concrete and expanded clay concrete). In any case, buildings built using building blocks require less time to build turnkey houses, compared to the same wooden log cabins, which take a long time to finally dry and settle. And only after that you can begin the final decoration of the room.
Interpretation of calculation results
Based on these comparisons, we chose the construction with gluls as elements of the dissolved walls. The maximum element height of 30 m for this wood-based material also allows for a reduction in wall thickness of approximately 50%. The carriers are connected to each other only by floor coverings. This approved base system is stable enough to reinforce the building and has very good damping properties. The additional connection of the vertical joints of the wall elements increases the comfort of use, since building vibrations can be further reduced by wind loads and therefore also more demanding uses such as hotel or residential use can be realized.
When building from blocks, interior decoration premises can be produced immediately after construction is completed.
By design features, building blocks are distinguished into:
- Structural Used for building bearing walls the buildings. They have high strength, but also high thermal conductivity and high weight. In this regard, during the construction of residential premises, mandatory additional insulation is necessary.
- Structural and heat-insulating They are used for the construction of load-bearing walls of low-rise buildings. They have average characteristics, both in terms of strength and thermal insulation qualities. Ideal for seasonal residences.
- Thermal insulation They are used for the construction of only self-supporting walls, such as internal partitions and walls of frame buildings, as well as for the insulation of load-bearing walls. They have low thermal conductivity, low weight, but also low strength.
Unfortunately, on this moment There is no ideal material that has high rates of all the necessary characteristics at once, such as low thermal conductivity, high strength, low weight and cost. And in each case, it is necessary to choose exactly the material that is most suitable for the planned construction, taking into account the necessary requirements.
The cost of finished walls is approximately equal to 1/3 of the cost of the entire building.
Further presented full list performed calculations with brief description each item. If you did not find the answer to your question, you can contact us using the feedback located in the right block.
General information on the results of calculations
- Building perimeter - The total length of all walls taken into account in the calculations.
- About total masonry area - Square outside walls. Corresponds to the area of the required insulation, if such is provided for by the project.
- wall thickness - The thickness of the finished wall, taking into account the thickness of the mortar joint. May differ slightly from the final result depending on the type of masonry.
- Number of blocks - The total number of blocks required to build walls according to the given parameters
- About the total weight of the blocks - Weight excluding mortar and masonry mesh. As well as the total volume, it is necessary to select a delivery option.
- Number of mortar for the entire masonry - The volume of mortar required for laying all blocks. Volume weight solution may differ depending on the ratio of components and additives introduced.
- Number of rows of blocks including seams - Depends on the height of the walls, the size of the material used and the thickness of the masonry mortar. Gables not included.
- Number of masonry mesh - Required amount masonry mesh in meters. It is used to reinforce masonry, increasing the solidity and overall strength of the structure. Pay attention to the number of reinforced rows; by default, the reinforcement of each row is indicated.
- Approximate weight of finished walls - The weight of the finished walls, taking into account all the building blocks, mortar and masonry mesh, but excluding the weight of the insulation and cladding. - Load without taking into account the weight of the roof and floors. This parameter is necessary to select the strength characteristics of the foundation.
In order to calculate the material for partitions, you need to start a new calculation and specify the length of all partitions only, the thickness of the walls to the floor of the block, as well as other necessary parameters.
