Shipilova E.N.,teacher-speech therapist, municipal educational institution "Kaplinskaya secondary school", Starooskolsky district, Belgorod region
LESSON OBJECTIVES
Learn to distinguish p, t in syllables, words, sentences, text.
Practice mechanical hand movement skills.
To develop the ability to coordinate words, analyze sentences, the ability to form a new word from the original one.
Develop visual gnosis, mnesis, spatial representation.
Develop graphic skills, speech, attention, thinking, vocabulary.
Cultivate respect for nature, a sense of beauty, kindness, responsiveness.
EQUIPMENT
Individual mirrors; "wonderful bag"; drawn cloud; flower meadow; paints; a candle for writing words on flowers; allowance for the differentiation of letters p, t; cards with syllables and letters; paper tapes with the names of fairy-tale characters; pictures of flowers; proposals on whatman paper; individual punch cards and cards with rows of letters; associative pictures (what objects the letters look like).
* * *
Organizing time
Speech therapist. Hello children. Each of you must take out a picture from the “wonderful bag” and name fairy tale hero depicted on it.
Children call, the speech therapist hangs out paper tapes with highlighted letters p, t:
Dr. Aibolit
Ugly duck
Puss in Boots
Gold fish
Silly Mouse
The Golden Cockerel
Sleeping Beauty
red Riding Hood
Look carefully and tell me which letters are highlighted?
Children. The letters p, i.e.
Speech therapist. You need to learn to distinguish these letters in writing in syllables, words, sentences. Which of you can guess the name of the fairy tale character I am holding?
Children. Dunno.
Speech therapist. Who wrote the book about Dunno?
Children. N. Nosov.
Speech therapist. What are the names of Dunno's friends?
Children. Znayka, Toropyzhka, ....
Speech therapist. I want to introduce you to Toropyzhka better.
Letter analysis
Speech therapist. Because of his haste, he did not have the patience to add the third leg to the letter t, and it turned out that t only had two legs. Toropyzhka writes: "I want candy." And it turned out: "I want candy." Everyone laughed at him. Then the kid went to Znaika and told about his misfortune. And Znayka asks: “What letter will you write at the beginning of the word “three”?” “T,” answers Toropyzhka. “So remember,” says Znayka, “that the letter t has three legs. The word "three" will help you not to be mistaken and not to confuse the letter t with the letter p, which has only a pair of legs. Remember this and stop rushing!”
Among you, there are also students who confuse n and t. Therefore, today we will complete a number of tasks that help distinguish these letters. Look at them and name the main difference.
Children. The letter t consists of three elements, and p - of two.
Speech therapist. How are they similar?
Children. When writing, the first element is repeated.
Speech therapist. What objects are p, t similar to? (Shows associative pictures.)
The children answer.
Write with your finger on the table, and then in the air the letters p, i.e.
Children perform.
And now I will dictate the numbers that need to be written in a notebook. Remember how many elements the letters m and p have? Under each recorded number, sign the letter that has a given number of elements.
Children perform.
The next task is done with cardboard cards. They have a series of letters written on them. Remove the tracing paper and overlay the outline on the desired letter.
Children perform.
Let's remember how many legs p and so on. In the pictures, find these letters and write down only the letters p from the names of the colors, i.e.
Children perform graphic dictation.
Articulatory
gymnastics
Speech therapist. In individual mirrors you will see how the sounds [p], [t] are pronounced. Where is the tongue located when pronouncing the sound [t]?
Children. Behind the top teeth.
Speech therapist. And what kind of interference occurs when pronouncing the sound [p]?
Children. Lips.
Speech therapist. Correctly. We meet a barrier in the form of teeth and lips. We cannot sing them with a voice, so both sounds will be consonants. If we put our hand to the neck, we can determine whether they are voiced or deaf.
brain gymnastics
Speech therapist. Guys, which of our "duty" sounds is found in the name of this flower? (Shows a picture - a dandelion.) Our sounds are not here. But this flower will help with the breathing exercise: take a deep breath and blow off the fluff.
Children perform 5 times.
We blew so hard that the wind picked up and it got colder. Let's put on the "Hats": from top to bottom - put on, from bottom to top - removed.
Children wrap their ears 5-
7 times.
The hat was taken off. The head is tired, lower it to the chest, turn left and right.
Children perform the exercise "Watch" 5-7 times.
Raise your right hand and rub your neck, then your left hand and rub the back of your head.
Working with a syllable
Speech therapist. While we were warming up, Dunno's friends decided to invite everyone to their city. There are a lot of flowers there, so they named their city...
Children. Floral.
Speech therapist. The kids of this city are very fond of flowers.
Who among you likes flowers? Who knows how to take care of them?
Children. It is necessary to water, weed, tie tall bushes so that they do not break, fertilize the ground.
Speech therapist. Well done, right. Who will tell you how to treat flowers growing in a field, forest, meadow?
Children. Do not trample, do not tear large bouquets.
Speech therapist. What are the names of the flowers that grow in the forest, in the meadow, in the field?
Children. Forest, meadow, field.
Speech therapist. We must take care of flowers and all plants in general, so that everything around us is beautiful, clean; our mood and health depend on it. Therefore, the kids in the flower city are so kind and sympathetic. I want to perform a small miracle for the inhabitants of the flower city. Here is a flower meadow in front of you (shows cards), but some flowers on it are colorless. Let's turn them into bright and beautiful ones.
One child is coloring the flower in the upper right corner.
What do you think it's called?
Child. Cornflower.
Speech therapist. What color did you paint it?
Child. Blue.
Speech therapist. Look, a miracle really happened - an inscription appeared on the flower. What's this word?
Children. Syllable.
Speech therapist. This flower tells us that we need to complete several tasks with a syllable. I noticed that Dunno hides the syllables that need to be inserted into these pockets. (The letters p, t are written on the pockets.)
Let's do the following task with punched cards. Below, under the syllables, sign the number of elements that make up the letters n, t, i.e. numbers 2 and 3. Check them by pulling out the leaves from the punched cards. If mine and your numbers match, then everything is done correctly.
Children perform.
You did an excellent job with the task, so you can color the next flower - a tulip. Where is he located?
Child. In the lower left corner.
Speech therapist. What is written on the tulip?
Child. Word.
Word work
Speech therapist. This flower indicates tasks that must be completed with words. The first is written on the blackboard. There, instead of two sticks, we insert a letter .., and instead of three - ... Read the words, write them down.
Children perform.
Complete the next task yourself. Pick up n, t and substitute in the given words, writing them down. Let's check.
Children perform.
That's right, well done. Now let's help you unravel big flower- yellow chamomile. Where is she?
Children. In the lower right corner.
Speech therapist. What word came up?
Children. Phrase.
Working with a phrase
Speech therapist. What is a phrase?
The children answer.
Compose it by substituting the correct letter. The meaning of the phrase depends on the correct choice.
heavy empty
(n-t) achka (n-t) ara
old dance
And now, under dictation, write down the phrase, underline p, i.e.
Fleet captain.
He trampled the grass.
Let go for a walk.
Woven bast shoes.
Children perform.
The next child will color the flower that is in the row of bells. Where is this row? What color are the bells? Where is the unpainted flower?
Children. in the middle.
Speech therapist. What word came up?
Children. Sentence.
Working with a proposal
Speech therapist. Read the sentence and substitute the word that makes sense.
The ship comes to (port - cake).
Little (sensible - a shelf) from a lazy person.
How to understand this proverb? No wonder they say: "Labor feeds, but laziness spoils." Write this proverb in your notebook, underline p, i.e.
Children perform.
And now your task is to read the sentences that are written in a column. It is necessary to underline all the letters p, etc. on the board.
The next flower is on the bottom row. It grows in the tropics. What word came up?
Children. Text.
Work with text
Speech therapist. From the text write out the words in three columns: p; t; p, t.
A solid wall is a forest. Slender palm trees froze. Colorful parrots sit on the branches. Spiders hide in the grass. Monkeys jump on the branches.
Write down the following text graphically, writing out only the “duty” letters.
On burdocks, on nettles, on any green grass, white petals scattered: bird cherry is fading. But the elder blossomed and under it the strawberries below. Some lily of the valley buds also opened. The grown oats stand like green soldiers on a black field.
Relaxation exercises
Speech therapist. Children, you have done a great job, so now we will rest, imagining that we are lying in a flowery meadow and looking at the sky. (Hangs up a white cloud.)
It's like I'm lying on the grass
On green, soft grass.
The sun is shining now
Our hands are warm.
Breathe easily, evenly
deep.
Summary of the lesson
Speech therapist. Today you studied the letters p, t, their differences and similarities. Thank you for your help. The lesson is over. Goodbye.
Topic: "Differentiation of P and T".
Target: Learn to differentiate the letters P and T in syllables, words and sentences.
Tasks:
Educational:
- development of the ability to compare the letters P and T in syllables, words and sentences;
- vocabulary development;
Corrective:
- development of visual-motor coordination;
- development of phonemic perception;
- development of linguistic, phonemic analysis and synthesis;
- development of phonemic differentiations;
- development of writing and reading skills;
- development of coherent speech;
- development of the WPF.
- Educational:
- development of self-control, independently evaluate the result of speech therapy activities;
- development of interest in the occupation;
- organization of order in the workplace.
Equipment: cards with letters, cards with tasks for sounds P and T, notebooks, pens and pencils, ball, digital ruler, syllabic tables.
Lesson progress:
1. Org. moment. Hello guys. Today we have an unusual guest. His name is encrypted on the board. To recognize him, we need to get acquainted with the topic of our lesson and then we will quickly insert the missing letters in his name. We actively raise our hands and answer, for the correct answers everyone will receive an asterisk. At the end of the lesson, we will count how many stars each has.
Tasks for spatial orientation:
take your left ear with your right hand;
left hand on the right elbow;
close the right eye with the right hand;
touch your right knee with your left hand;
2. Introduction to the topic. And now, everyone will read what is written on his card.
Guys, tell me, what are the first letters of the names of these words? (P and T).
Characteristics of sounds P and T. (acc., deaf., tv. / soft.).
Let's put in our guest's name desired letters and find out what his name is. (Toptyzhka).
Today he will watch which of you was the most active, did not shout and raised his hand.
3. The main part. Determining their similarities and differences between letters in spelling. 
Look and say: how many "legs" does the letter have T? at the letter P?
How are these letters similar? (Same items)
How are they different? (Writing one element - 1 stick)
4. Isolation of the letters p and t. Each of you has a card with a letter on the tables. I will name the words, and you will raise the card, depending on what sound you heard in the word: P or T. Words: fog, saw, sail, plate, cake, pie, tank.
5. Differentiation of letters P - T in syllables. Reading a syllabary.
6. The game "Magic eraser".
Once a magic eraser came to visit the letters and erased in the letters P and T crossbars. See what happened. Read the syllables based on the number of legs of the letters.
Restore the crossbars in the syllables and write down all the syllables.
In the children's notebook: poo, that, pat, poo, you, pya, sweat, that, tet, pyo
What word is hidden in the syllables? (sweat.)
7. Differentiation of letters P - T in words. Comparison of words by spelling.
At the beginning of the lesson, you read the words on the card (wheelbarrow, pack, dot, kidney, cannon). Let's see how the meaning of the word can change if one stick is not added to the letter "T".
On the board is a card "wheelbarrow". We remove one stick from the letter T. What word did you get? (“Pack”).
The words “point”, “kidney” are compared in the same way.
Conclusion: You see, guys, how important it is not to make mistakes when writing the letters P and T.
8. You have cards on the tables. Let's read the task: insert the missing syllable PA or TA into the word.
8. The game "Spies". Read the words using the cipher key.
Write down the words in your notebook. In a notebook for children: Yolk, peacock, cottage cheese, cereals, syrup, sunset, boot, machine, scarf, crowd, pirate, ceiling, cake, pharmacy, briefcase.
9. Phys. Minute.
You need to catch the ball with your right hand, if you hear the sound [P] in words, if you hear the sound [T] - catch it with your left. (Words: cannon, dance, shooting range, peacock, croup, tank).
10. Classification of words by the presence of letters P - T. Write the words in two columns:
11. Name the pictures, connect them with the letter. Determining the place of the letters P - T in a word.
Determine the place of the letters P and T in words using a digital ruler.
Name the words in which the letter "P" and "T" are at the same time. (This is a briefcase and a shovel).
| briefcase |
||||||||||
12. Differentiation of letters P - T in sentences. Developing reading comprehension skills.
Read the sentences choosing the correct words from the brackets:
Hanging above the table (pedestal, shelf).
The Ugly Duckling (slept, became) a swan.
The ship comes to (cake, port).
Misha was presented with (port, cake).
There is little from lazy people (shelf, sense).
13. Working with deformed sentences. Make sentences from words. Write the sentences using the letters P or T.
Natasha, y, #yo#lye, #a#ki.
#odme#ae#, Tanya, #ol.
ka#ok, go#, on, de#i.
ku#il, pa#a, #op#.
14. The result of the lesson. Remember the words you heard in class. Name the words that have the sound [P] and [T] at the same time. What did you learn in class today? How to distinguish between the letters P and T when writing?
Topic. Differentiation [n], [b] in words.
Purpose: - to develop a clear differentiation [n], [b] by voicedness - deafness;
Develop phonemic hearing, sound-syllabic analysis and synthesis of words,
Phonemic representations;
Expand vocabulary,
Develop self-control skills.
Didactic tools: individual beech kits B, P;
Colour pencils;
Demonstration pictures with letters B, P;
Game "Relay";
Individual blitz - tests.
Course progress.
I. Organizational moment.
II. Main part.
- - Name the same sounds in the words:
1) bagels, loaf, roll, bagels, pancakes;
2) pies, cookies, pizza, donuts.
What is the common name for all these words?
Guess what sounds we are going to talk about today?
Listen to an excerpt from Paramonova's poem "Drops - Drums".
Let's listen together to "get scared", "let"
And in the word "fight" and in the word "run"
Sounds like a "B"
Remember, "B" - drums beat,
And "P" is just raindrops.
Guys, why "B" - drums beat? "P" - raindrops?
- Clarification of the articulation of sounds [p], [b].
Guys, let's compare the sounds B - B ', P - P ',. Find the similarities and differences in the pronunciation of these sounds.
Conclusion . In sounds p, b
similarity: they are consonants, paired, because have the same barrier, can be soft and hard;
difference: the sound p is deaf, the sound b is voiced.
- Differentiation n - b in words (oral).
Relay game.
Let's run a relay race and see which runners win and by what score.
Each student has treadmills and chips in yellow and brown.
The speech therapist dictates the words, the children advance the chips.
Words: bud, goodness, gift, captain, stomp, apricot, April. work, compote album, beads.
Who has won? With what account?
- Analysis of words - paronyms.
Guys, letters b and p sent us a code. Try to read what they wrote. Explain the meaning of the words.
Words: barrel - kidney, beam - stick, beat - drank, fence - constipation, splash - shine.
The words are read and the meaning explained. Notebook entry.
- The game "Tell me a word." Children have sets of letters b-p , suggesting a word, show the desired letter.
Guys, I have unfinished poems, tell me, please, the right word.
- The cabbage was pulled out of ... (barrels)
Leaves appeared from ... (buds).
- I cold water not ... (drank)
And I don’t ... (beat) my dog.
- The old man leaned on ... (stick)
The roof rests on ... (beam)
- At the gate is good ... (constipation)
Built around the house ... (fence)
- Waves in the blue sea ... (splashing)
In the blue sky, the stars ... (shine).
- Dynamic pause.
Charging for an excellent student.
1. "Cross steps". We are free and relaxed. We raise the left leg - lower the right hand to it. They are destined to “meet” at about the level of the abdomen. Then the arm and leg change.
2. Dennison Hooks. Hands forward, connect with the back of the palms. We cross our arms and make a lock from our fingers. We bend our arms at the elbows and press them to the chest. We close our eyes.
3. Legs parallel, toes slightly inward, knees relaxed. We stretch our hands forward and connect our fingers with a house. Thumb directed to the ceiling, the rest to the floor. Eyes open, also looking at the floor.
- Graphic dictation. Game "Catch a fish"
We will now fish from the aquarium. Each fish has a picture, you name the picture, say what sound is in this word, n or b and where it stands.
Each student goes to the blackboard, catches a fish, writes a letter on the blackboard and its place in the word.
- The game "The smartest".
The speech therapist asks questions, the children answer in one word, the answers are written in notebooks, sounds n - b highlighted in yellow and brown. The correct answer gets an asterisk. At the end of the game, the stars are counted, and the "smartest" student is determined.
Questions.
Who are the anglers?
Which tree has white bark?
What does a dentist put on a tooth?
Which polite word do you say when you say thank you?
What vegetable do they say: “A hundred clothes and all without fasteners”?
Plates, cups, saucers, pots - is it ...?
- A container that sells lemonade?
Name in one word: table, chair, sofa, wardrobe - ...
What is the name of Winnie the Pooh's best friend?
What day of the week comes after Thursday? what about after Friday?
- Complete the blitz test. Insert letters into words b or p.
III. Outcome.
What sounds did we talk about in class today?
How are these sounds similar?
name hallmark sound b(n).
What did you like most about the lesson?
Municipal budgetary educational institution
"Secondary school No. 80"
Topic lesson:
"Differentiation of letters having
kinetic similarity.
Differentiation P - t»
6. Develop fine motor skills and tactile sensations.
Differentiation p - t.
I Organizing moment:
1. Game "Acquaintance" (write your name in the air).
2. Work on the table:
How many birds are flying to the right?
How many birds are flying to the left?
How many birds are flying up?
How many birds are flying down?
(counting the birds sits down in his place)
II course of the lesson:
1. Reading the fairy tale "Toropyzhkina trouble."
Comparison of words by spelling and meaning;
Work on the support plates "three legs" and "pair of legs".
2. Analysis of the semantic meaning of words with letters P and t:
dot - kidney became - slept
cake - port drowned - drank
3. Working with tables:
Letter design P and t;
Cross out misspelled letters and determine the location in the table of the remaining letters P and t.
4. Find the place of sound in a word:
[p]: arable land, April, spade, cabbage;
[t]: troika, morning, shovel, sunset, space.
(use number cards)
Using letter cards P and t indicate what sound they heard in the word: park, fog, duck, hollow, hammer, strong, candy.
5. The game "Fly".
(finding according to the instructions and writing in a notebook according to the syllables of words: shovel, summer, packages, pirates)
6. Fizminutka (ball game).
We change the sound [p] to [t] in words: kidney - dot, port - cake, pack - car, slept - became.
7. Work with the word:
Instruction: 2- P, 3-t.
Deciphering and reading words in a chain: 2lo3, 2ar3a, 3e2lo, 2laka3, 2u3b, 3ro2inka, 2ros3uda.
Complete the reverse task in notebooks: a package, a coat, an ax, a dam, slippers, a shovel.
8. Compose phrases:
birch | (point, kidney) | (cake, port) |
|
Small |
9. Work with offers:
(insert and mark the missing letters with signal dots P and t)
… chelas buzzing … –
AT … ole le … I … ,
FROM … olya go … –
I carry honey … .
10. Gather scattered sentences:
weaves, web, Spider.
writes, Petya, on a piece of paper, on.
pies, plate, On, lie.
the last, from the trees, Fall, leaves.
(write in a notebook and mark the letters with signal points P and t)
III Summary of the lesson:
What letters were distinguished in the letter?
What hints will help them to distinguish?
In which word of the proverb: "Work feeds, but laziness spoils" there are sounds [p] and [t]?
Educational and methodological support:
Visual aids:
Reference tables;
plot pictures;
Sets of individual cards.
Didactic materials:
Samples of graphic exercises (diagrams);
Didactic cards and texts of verses;
Equipment:
Ball and massage balls;
Templates, sound rulers;
Bibliography:
1. Sadovnikova writing and their overcoming in younger students. M.: "Vlados", 1995.
2. Seliverstov speech therapy work with kids. M.: Enlightenment, 1987.
3. Kostromina overcome difficulties in teaching reading. Moscow: Os - 89, 1999.
4. Kuznetsova from sound to letter. Tomsk: TOIPKRO, 2008.
Topic: "Sounds of T, P"
Target : 1. Correctional and educational tasks: Learn auditory-pronunciation differentiation of soundsP-T highlight the last consonant in a word, form and use creatures with diminutive - affectionate suffixes, analyze backward syllables likeAT, UT, IT , AP, UP, IP , continue to learn to highlight the first consonant in a word, agree on cardinal numbers1,2,5 and nouns, space-time concepts.
2. Correction - developmental tasks: To develop phonemic processes, auditory and visual attention, memory, verbal-logical thinking, fine and general motor skills.
3. Correctional and educational tasks: To cultivate organization, control and mutual control, pace.
Equipment: 2 dolls; ball; symbols of sounds T and P; subject pictures (sheaf, screw, hippopotamus, sheepskin coat, soup, plane, cat, whale, tail, stork, bouquet); toys (cat, mole, hippopotamus, train, parrot, panda) on children's tables; numbers 1,2, 5; sound boxes; "Sound bird" and each child, flannelgraph.
Stroke:
I . Organizing time"Call yourself affectionately" - ball game. Guys, I will call you by name and throw the ball, and you answer as your mother affectionately calls you and return the ball.
P. Topic message and review.
1. In class, you will evaluate yourself. Look, you have emoticons in your coasters. For each correctly completed task, you put one emoticon on the edge of the table. If the task failed, the emoticon is not posted. Name affectionately the names of our friends (Tolya and Fields). What are the first sounds in their names? That's right, today we will repeat the sounds P and T
2. What are these sounds, give a description. Sound P - consonant, solid, deaf.
The sound T is a consonant, hard, deaf.
3. What color do we designate? What are the symbols of our sounds? ( are indicated in blue, torturing the dough, hammer).
4. Why are they called consonants?
(Since the air jet meets an obstacle on its way).
III. Differentiation of sounds T P.
1.Selection from a number of sounds. And now Fields and Tolya will make sounds, and if you hear the sound P - clap your hands, and if T - stamp your foot, close your eyes and let's start.
A P U P I T O T P
2 . Differentiation of syllables. Voice charging.
Guys, our friends are arguing something, Polya says AP, and Tolya AT, let's reconcile them, I will say syllables with the sound P with Polya, and you and Tolya with the sound T.
Reproduction of syllable rows:
AP UP IP OP AP-AP UP-UP IP-IP AP-UP-IP
IV. Word differentiation.
a) pronouncing the names of the pictures on the flannelgraph.
b) "selection of pictures on P, T for Poli and Tolya". We have a lot of pictures on the flannelgraph. Let's choose pictures for Poly with the sound P, and for Tolya with the sound T. (bow, leaf, cat, boots, hat, train, hedgehog, accordion, ball).
c) Now let's play a game Finish the word I pronounce the word without the last sound, and you finish T or P: ko., bod., hundred., ban., bin., chlo., sno., vin., poto., bale., bile., siro., mono., hobo., halo..
v. Games for the development of attention and memory.
"What's added?"(increase from 4 to 8 pictures), “What was swapped with what?”(8-10 pictures)
VI.Sound bird. Distinguishing sounds by ear P-T and place in a word.
1) Guys who flew to us? (sound bird) what are we going to do now? (find and determine the place of sound in words). That's right, get your birds and listen carefully to the words. (Children must find the place of the sound in words - if it is at the beginning of the word, they show the head of the bird, if in the middle - the body, if at the end - the tail). You should only show the part of the bird where the sound is. (Pumpkin, spider, lettuce, screw, ticket, tank, scooter, cannon. clap, bouquet, trench).
VII.Physical education minute
One, two - everyone get up,
Three-four - squat,
Five-six - turn around
Seven-eight - smile,
Nine-ten - do not yawn,
Take your place.
VIII. "Live Sounds"(sound analysis)
A) Guys, let's lay out the syllable "AT" with the help of sound chips. Who will go to the blackboard? Daniil works at the blackboard, everyone else works individually.
Checking work at the blackboard
How many sounds? What is the first sound? (A - vowel), second? (T - consonant).
B) And now lay out the syllable AP. What is the first sound? (A - vowel), second? (P - consonant). Swap the cards and read what happened? What word will you get if you repeat this syllable twice? Well done!
IX. Game "Bouncers" Let's play boast. Whoever says it right will add another smiley to himself. I say a sentence with one object (I show 1), and you with a number, which I will show.
Tanya ties 1 bow. (2..., 5...)
1 duck swims in the lake (2..., 5...)
1 pumpkin grew in the garden. (2..., 5...)
1 linden is green in the garden. (2..., 5...)
A parrot sits in a cage. (2..., 5...)
X. Summary. What sounds were compared? Comparing them. What task did you like? What was difficult? Now let's count the emoticons and find out who was the most active in the lesson.
The game "Gifts for Poli and Tolya".
You guys have toys on the tables. Name them. Let's give toys to Field and Tolya. Children give toys with the sound P - Field, with the sound T - Tole.
