Is it possible to go outside after UHF. What is the UHF procedure, its indications and contraindications

Hardware physiotherapy methods are used in medicine for the treatment of various groups of diseases.

Physiotherapy is one of the most effective and common methods. UHF apparatus.

How does UHF stand for? It's simple - it is ultra-high frequency (therapy). It can be compared with a kind of warming, which penetrates deep into organs and tissues. At the same time, electromagnetic oscillations have a wave frequency from 30 to 300 MHz, and the wavelength ranges from 1 to 10 m.

Mechanism of action

During the UHF procedure, the device produces rays that affect the human body as follows. The magnetic field creates a thermal effect. Under its influence, biophysical and biochemical reactions occur in cells.

Biophysical changes include the process of increasing vascular permeability (in practice, this reduces swelling and improves trophism - tissue nutrition). Along the way, the body is detoxified.

The biochemical process is an acidification of the environment, which stimulates the growth of leukocytes and enhances the body's defenses. Thus, a kind of barrier appears around the local focus of inflammation, which separates the pathological process from healthy cells.

In a purulent inflammatory process, such a barrier is especially important.

Benefit and harm

Having studied the mechanism of action of magnetic oscillations on a person, scientists noted the positive effect of currents on the musculoskeletal and nervous systems.

Among the most important beneficial effects:

• stimulation of blood circulation;
• acceleration of lymph flow;
• stabilization of cell membranes;
• restoration of cellular respiration;
• increase in capillary permeability;
• stimulation of the immune defense.

However, if you neglect the basic rules for conducting procedures, there will be backfire. For example, in case of inflammation, it is impossible to heat the damaged area - this will lead to the multiplication of pathogenic cells. In addition, electromagnetic currents disrupt the operation of the pacemaker.

Indications

Useful properties of this treatment technique are used in medicine in the following situations:

• with inflammatory and purulent-inflammatory processes of the skin, musculoskeletal system, ENT organs, lungs;
• inflammatory gynecological diseases;
• diseases nervous system(peripheral);
• diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

From the above indications for the use of the method, it becomes clear what UHF is in medicine.

Contraindications

Absolute contraindications to UHF therapy:

Relative contraindications include benign tumors, hyperthyroidism, metal objects no more than 2 cm (dentures).

Side effects

In addition to positive effects, there may also be side effects. Burns are the most dangerous.

It is forbidden to carry out the procedure before operations, as this increases the risk of bleeding. You can not do UHF immediately after surgery - there is a risk of developing adhesive disease.

Excessive use in the treatment of pneumonia leads to pneumosclerosis. In ENT pathologies, the bilateral use of UHF therapy affects the respiratory and vasomotor centers.

In case of violation of safety precautions, you can get an electric shock.

How is the procedure carried out

The technique of the procedure is simple. Typically, it is carried out in medical institution, but thanks to the advent of portable UHF devices, such procedures are now practiced at home (but only on the recommendation or prescription of a doctor).

The patient takes a comfortable position depending on the localization of the process: lies down on a wooden couch or sits on a wooden chair. Then the specialist selects the appropriate size electrodes.

With the transverse method plates are opposite each other. Above the diseased area, one plate is installed, the other - on the opposite side. Thus, all tissues are warmed up. The gap between the plates in this case is more than 2 cm.

With the longitudinal method electrodes are placed only over the damaged area. Electromagnetic waves do not penetrate deep into the tissue. The air gap is less than 1 cm.

After that, the necessary force of influence is selected. The number of procedures and their duration is recommended by the doctor, taking into account the indications and contraindications for UHF therapy.

Functional parts of the UHF device:

• generator;
• electrodes in the form of plates;
• inductors;
• wave emitters.

UHF physiotherapy devices are divided into 2 types: portable (portable) and stationary. Portable devices are UHF-66 and UHF-30, and stationary devices are Screen-2 and Screen-1. The device "UHF-66" has a rated output power of 80W and automatic frequency control.

In order to improve the individual selection of power (for irradiating the patient with UHF fields), the output power is adjusted proportionally between 3 steps. The device is equipped with an eddy current applicator EVT-1.

When using UHF devices, observe safety precautions: use shielded cabinets. Before starting the procedure, the operator checks the integrity of the wires and makes sure that they do not touch each other.

The patient is placed at a safe distance from ungrounded and metal objects.

Conclusion

UHF therapy is a physiotherapeutic method of treatment with an electromagnetic field of very high frequency. It is used in the treatment of a wide range of diseases.

Like any other medical procedure, UHF therapy has a number of contraindications and side effects. However, in many diseases, the use of this method of physiotherapy significantly improves the health and well-being of the patient.

Update: October 2018

UHF therapy is a common physiotherapy procedure that many have probably encountered. In this article we will tell you what it is, when it is prescribed, how it works for a particular disease, and who should not use this method for treatment.

UHF therapy (ultra high frequency therapy) is used in physiotherapy and is based on the use of ultra high frequency electromagnetic fields. In fact, this is a heat treatment that penetrates deep into organs and tissues with the help of special equipment. One of the significant advantages of this method is that the use of UHF therapy is possible with fresh fractures and acute inflammatory processes. These conditions are a contraindication to most physiotherapy treatments.

UHF contributes to:

• acceleration of regenerative processes, including the healing of fractures, tissue damage;
• reduction of edema;
• activation of the central and peripheral circulation;
• decrease in pain sensitivity;
• inhibition of vital activity of pathogenic bacteria;
• elimination of inflammatory processes;
• strengthening of proliferative processes of connective tissue elements;
• improving the efficiency of immunological reactions.

Ultra-high frequency electromagnetic fields were first used as a treatment method in Germany in 1929. The invention of the apparatus and method was facilitated by complaints from radio station personnel about the negative effects of radio waves on health.

Mechanism of action and equipment for the procedure

The mechanism of action of the procedure is based on two effects:

• oscillatory, characterized by a change biological structure cellular elements at the molecular and physico-chemical levels;
• thermal, leading to tissue heating during the conversion of ultra-high frequencies of the EM field into thermal energy.

When interacting with the electromagnetic field generated by the physiotherapy apparatus and the patient's body, 2 types of electric current are formed.

1. In anatomical structures characterized by high electrical conductivity (lymph, blood, urine and tissues with good blood supply), charged particles oscillate with the frequency of this field and a conduction current occurs in the tissues. Since particles oscillate in a viscous medium, energy absorption develops, which is associated with overcoming the resistance of this medium. The absorption of energy is called ohmic loss. The energy absorbed by the tissues is released as heat.
2. In tissues similar in their electrical properties to dielectrics (nervous, adipose, connective, bone), dipoles are formed - polar molecules that change their orientation with the frequency of the high-frequency field. The rotation of dipole particles in dielectrics leads to the formation of a displacement current, and the losses associated with overcoming a viscous medium by particles are called dielectric losses.

Under the action of UHF, the bias current predominates - the field penetrates deeply, almost without loss, into tissues that do not conduct electric current well. The main heat release is realized due to conduction currents.

The classic UHF therapy apparatus is equipped with a high-frequency generator, electrodes that are an electrical conductor, inductors that create a magnetic flux, and emitters. The devices are stationary (“UVCh-300”, “Impulse-2”, “Impulse-3”, etc.) and portable (“UVCh-30”, “UVCh-66”, “UVCh-80”, etc.). All of them are classified by power: low power up to 30 W, medium - UHF up to 80 W and high power up to 350 W.

Procedure parameters

When conducting UHF therapy, two ranges of electromagnetic oscillations are used:

• 40.68 MHz. This range is working for most of the domestic devices, and is also found on foreign equipment;
• 27.12 MHz. This range is most often used in Europe.

The current power is selected depending on the area of ​​​​the intended impact. When installing electrodes on the cervical region or face, a power of 20 to 40 W is used, in the treatment of the pelvic organs and joints - 70-100 W.

The frequency of electromagnetic oscillations during the UHF procedure is of 2 types:

• continuous oscillation - impact on the affected area in a continuous mode;
• pulse oscillation - a series of pulses is produced, the duration of each is from 2 to 8 ms.

Methodology

The procedure is performed in the physiotherapy department. There is a separate cabin with a wooden couch. The patient is in a supine or sitting position, depending on the location of the affected area and the general condition. You don't have to take off your clothes - electromagnetic fields can easily penetrate fabric and even plaster.

The electrodes are selected individually depending on the area of ​​the affected area of ​​the body. Capacitor electrodes are of two types:

• plate-discs made of metal and covered with an insulating material;
• rectangular soft plates with an area of ​​up to 600 cm.

The plates are installed in special holders, treated with a disinfectant solution and brought to the site of exposure.

Installation of electrodes is carried out in two ways:

1. transverse;
2. longitudinal.

With the transverse method of installation, the electrodes are placed opposite each other, with one plate being installed on the projection of the diseased area, and the second on the opposite side.

This arrangement of the electrodes ensures the penetration of electrical magnetic field throughout the patient's body. Those. in addition to the local, there is also a general effect. The distance between the body and the electrode should not be less than 2 centimeters.

With the longitudinal method of installation, the electrodes are applied only to the diseased part of the body. This method is most relevant in the treatment of superficial diseases, since in this case the electromagnetic fields do not penetrate very deeply. The space between the electrodes and the body should be no more than 1 centimeter.

With regard to the installation of electrodes relative to the diseased area, the principle is this: the closer the plate is to the affected area, the stronger the thermal effect will be. It is important to follow the safety rules - if the electrodes are placed incorrectly, burns can occur.

After the electrodes are installed on the body, the device (generator) is turned on and a certain electric current power is set, at which the patient receives a therapeutic dose of UHF. The power of the electromagnetic field is adjusted using a special regulator located on the generator control panel.

The patient's sensations and effect depend on the dose rate:

1. Thermal dose (100-150W). A provocative effect, in which a person feels pronounced heat in the area where the electrodes are installed.
2. Oligothermic dose (40-100W). Improves cellular nutrition, blood circulation and metabolism. Thermal sensations are insignificant.
3. Athermic dose (15-49 W). Pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. The patient does not feel the heat effect.

Depending on the selected dose of UHF fields, the following changes develop in the body, which we wrote about above (an increase in the phagocytic activity of leukocyte cells, activation of fibroblast function, stimulation of metabolic processes, and others).

The duration of a session for adult patients is 10-15 minutes. The course is prescribed from 5 to 15 procedures, which are performed every other day or daily.

Features of UHF for children

The procedure can be performed on children of any age, including newborns a few days after birth, but not more than 2 courses per year. Most often, indications for UHF are diseases of the upper respiratory tract and upper respiratory tract - they are prescribed for sinusitis, sinusitis and other inflammatory processes. During the session, devices with low power and low thermal dosage are used:

• children under 7 years old - dose rate not more than 30 W;
• children 7-16 years old - dose rate not more than 40 watts.

For children under 5 years of age, electrodes are placed on the affected area, and instead of an air gap between the electrode and the skin, a special bandage pad is placed to prevent burns.

• 0-6 months: up to 5 minutes;
• 6-12 months: up to 7 minutes;
• 12 months - 7 years: up to 8 minutes;
• children from 7 years old: 10 minutes.

Indications for UHF procedure

Purpose of treatment, parameters and duration of the procedure depend on:

• patient's age;
• stage and course of the existing disease;
• general condition;
• concomitant diseases;
• the presence of restrictions and contraindications for the procedure.

The procedure is prescribed for the following pathologies:

• ENT organs and respiratory system: bronchitis, pleurisy, pneumonia, bronchial asthma, bronchiectasis, tonsillitis, rhinitis, sinusitis, frontal sinusitis, pansinusitis, otitis media, laryngitis and tonsillitis;
• the cardiovascular system: hypertension 1 and 2 tbsp., obliterating endarteritis, impaired blood circulation of the brain, varicose veins;
• musculoskeletal system: sciatica, arthritis and polyarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, osteochondrosis, dislocations, bruises, bone fractures, osteomyelitis;
• digestive organs: gastritis, esophagitis, peptic ulcer stomach and duodenum, pancreatitis, viral hepatitis, hepatocholecystitis, cholecystitis, enterocolitis, colitis, constipation, paraproctitis;
• genitourinary system: nephritis, epididymitis, pyelonephritis, salpingitis, cystitis, endometritis, oophoritis, salpingo-oophoritis, prostatitis, mycoplasmosis, candidiasis;
• nervous system: neuralgia, neuritis, migraine, phantom pain, insomnia, plexitis, sciatica, spinal cord and brain injuries, encephalitis, causalgia, Raynaud's disease, polyneuritis;
• skin: boils, carbuncles, abscesses, streptoderma, neurodermatitis, herpes simplex, trophic ulcers, eczema, psoriasis, acne, hydradenitis, dermatitis, panaritium, burns, frostbite, phlegmon, wounds, including purulent, bedsores;
• organs of vision: glaucoma, conjunctivitis, eyelid abscess, burns, uveitis, barley, scleritis, blepharitis;
• in dentistry: gingivitis, alveolitis, ulceration of the oral mucosa, periodontitis, periodontitis, burns, injuries;
• in the postoperative period: postoperative infiltrates and wounds;
• rehabilitation after injuries and diseases.

Mechanism of action in the treatment of various pathologies

• As mentioned above, UHF is used with acute inflammation. With the development of the inflammatory process at the site of the focus, due to the accumulation of blood cells and lymph, an inflammatory infiltrate is formed. The procedure is just aimed at resorption of the inflammatory infiltrate. During the session, the concentration of calcium ions increases in the area of ​​the procedure, which leads to the formation of connective tissue near the focus of inflammation and prevents further spread of the infection. An increase in the permeability of the capillary walls leads to an increase in the flow of immune bodies and protective cells of the reticuloendothelial system into the inflammatory focus. But in the presence of purulent inflammation, the technique is permissible only if there are conditions for draining pus from the affected area.

• During treatment infectious processes of the upper and lower respiratory tract there is a depressing effect on the vital activity of microbes. An analgesic and immuno-strengthening effect develops, favorable conditions are formed for the regeneration of affected tissues and the risk of complications is reduced. Expansion of capillaries and a significant improvement in the permeability of the vascular wall leads to an increase in the body's susceptibility to drugs. The activation of phagocyte cells helps to fight infection more actively.
• In therapy cardiovascular pathologies the procedure is prescribed primarily for the development of a vasodilating effect. It leads to improvement of central and peripheral blood circulation. There is an improvement in myocardial contractility. A decrease in the increased tone of the vascular wall leads to a decrease in blood pressure. There is an amelioration of the venous outflow, and the capillaries also expand significantly. After the procedure, tissue swelling associated with dysfunction of the cardiovascular system decreases.
• Application for diseases digestive organs provides a general strengthening effect on the body, reducing pain and eliminating spasms. An anti-inflammatory effect is realized and tissue healing processes are accelerated, which are relevant in the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers. After the procedure, there is an increase in motor and secretory functions - an improvement in intestinal motility and bile secretion.
• Procedure indicated within the framework of adjuvant treatment of diseases urogenital area, leads to the elimination of the inflammatory reaction, the reduction of edema, the improvement of blood circulation and the healing of affected tissues.
• In the treatment of diseases of the nervous system, an analgesic effect develops due to inhibition of the development of pain in the brain. Blood circulation improves, which leads to accelerated healing and regeneration of nervous tissue. An improvement in the conduction of nerve impulses is noted. The tone of the sympathetic nervous system decreases and the activity of the parasympathetic nervous system increases.
• In the treatment of eye diseases, microcirculation in the mucous layer of the eyes and eyelids improves. Anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory effects are realized, phagocytosis reactions are enhanced, which accelerates the processes of tissue regeneration and healing.
• During treatment gum disease there is an improvement in blood circulation, the viability of bacteria is inhibited. Significantly reduced pain.
• UHF for fractures it is used from 2-3 days after the plaster is applied, it has an analgesic effect, helps to reduce tissue edema, accelerates the process of formation of primary bone callus and regeneration of bone tissue in general. Helps relieve muscle spasm.
• The procedure is of particular importance in the rehabilitation period after operations and diseases: microcirculation improves and a network of collateral vessels is formed, which leads to an acceleration of the process of regeneration of affected tissues. UHF therapy reduces the risk of postoperative wound infection, as it inhibits the vital activity of pathological microorganisms that can cause suppuration. In general, the procedure contributes to the activation of the body's defenses, has an analgesic effect, which facilitates the healing process.

The effectiveness of UHF treatment depends on the stage and severity of the disease, the duration of exposure and the range of electromagnetic waves, the location of the procedures, the individual sensitivity of the patient and the use of other methods of treatment.

Contraindications to the UHF procedure

Among the absolute contraindications to the procedure:

• blood clotting disorder;
• cardiovascular insufficiency;
• myocardial infarction;
• hypertension 3 tbsp.;
• persistent angina;
• fever;
• malignant tumors;
• the patient has a pacemaker;
• venous thrombosis;
• foreign metal bodies in the body more than 2 cm (for example, an implanted joint prosthesis).

Expectant mothers are interested in whether UHF is possible during pregnancy. The answer is unequivocal - no, this is an absolute contraindication to the procedure.

Relative contraindications to therapy are benign tumors, hyperthyroidism and the presence of metal objects no more than 2 cm (metal dentures).

Side effects

After UHF, the following adverse reactions may develop:

• Skin burn. Thermal damage can develop due to the use of a wet tissue pad during the procedure, as well as if the metal plate of the electrode touches the skin.
• Bleeding. The use of this type of treatment before surgery increases the risk of bleeding during surgery. The electromagnetic field leads to tissue heating and, causing redness in the affected area, can lead to increased bleeding.
• Scar formation. One of the therapeutic effects of UHF therapy is the acceleration of the development of connective tissue, which forms a protective barrier during inflammatory processes and prevents the spread of infection throughout the body. But in situations where there is a risk of developing scar tissue (especially after abdominal surgery), UHF is not recommended.
• electric shock. A rare phenomenon that is possible in case of violation of safety rules, if the patient touches the bare parts of the device that are energized.

Safety rules and special instructions

The use of medical equipment requires caution:

• use stationary devices only in shielded cabinets;
• if the procedure is performed in the ward using a mobile device, the patient is placed at a safe distance from grounded and metal objects;
• before starting the procedure, carefully inspect the wires, check their integrity. If bare wires are found, the procedure is unacceptable. It is impossible for the wires to come into contact with each other, directly with the patient's body and metal objects;
• technical and therapeutic circuits resonate with each other.

If the patient has metal prostheses, such as crowns, the exposure dose should be reduced.

Before diagnostic punctures and surgical interventions, UHF therapy is not used, since the resulting hyperemia in the area of ​​the procedure leads to the risk of bleeding.

It is also undesirable to treat the right and left ear at the same time, because. overexcitation of the respiratory and vasomotor centers of the medulla oblongata may develop, which is fraught with the development of a severe outcome.

Due to the fact that the formation of connective tissue is stimulated, it is impossible to carry out UHF for a long time with pneumonia - the risk of developing pneumosclerosis increases. A similar situation is possible with orchiepididymitis (sclerosis of the ducts) and after operations (development of adhesive disease).

If the plaster cast is still fresh (the first 2-3 hours), there is a wet bandage on the wound, the procedure is also not performed.

UHF therapy (or ultra-high frequency) is a type of impact on the body, in which electromagnetic radiation of a very high frequency is used. UHF action- this is the so-called heat treatment, which penetrates the tissues and organs. It is necessary to consider his testimony and prohibitions, the main methods of conducting.

The electromagnetic apparatus emits rays that have such an effect on the human body as:

• change in the cellular structure at the physical and biochemical level;
• tissue heating, as high-frequency rays gradually turn into thermal radiation.

The UHF apparatus has the following components:

• a generator that produces high-frequency radiation that is active in relation to most tissues of the body;
• electrodes (they have special plates and play the role of a conductor);
• inductors (these devices are responsible for generating a specially tuned magnetic field);
• emitters of electromagnetic waves.

For stationary exposure, the following types of devices are used:

• "UHF-300";
• "Screen-2";
• "Impulse-2";
• "Impulse-3".

UHF therapy can also be carried out using portable devices. Most commonly used:

• "UHF-30";
• "UHF-66";
• "UHF-80-04".

Devices for ultra-high frequency therapy differ in power. So, small indicators (up to 30 W) have UHF-5 devices and their analogues, UHF-30 and the like. Medium power (up to 80 watts) is developed by such devices as the UHF-66 or 50 apparatus of the Mouth and Undaterm types. The devices of the Screen-2, UHF-300 and other series have high power, that is, over 80 W. Today, various devices that can operate in pulse mode are also used. The mechanism of action of all such devices is similar.

Before prescribing such treatment, various factors are taken into account:

• age (as a rule, for children, the duration of warming up is proportionally reduced);
• course of pathology;
• general health of the patient;
• the presence of concomitant diseases (during some of them there may be contraindications).

Often UHF is prescribed for inflammatory processes in the body. This is especially true for acute lesions. During such ailments, blood cells and infiltrate accumulate in the sore spot. Under the influence of high-frequency inflammation, it dissolves faster, which is why the inflammation disappears faster.

It is possible to use the UHF-66 apparatus or another for purulent processes. However, in this case, the use of UHF is justified and permissible only when there is a channel for draining the infiltrate. So such an indication does not mean that the patient will necessarily undergo such therapy. General indications for physiotherapy are as follows:

• pathology of the upper respiratory tract;
• ENT diseases;
• diseases of the heart and blood vessels;
• digestive pathologies;
• diseases of the urinary and reproductive system;
• dermatological pathological processes;
• various disorders of the central nervous system;
• violations of the musculoskeletal system;
• eye diseases, especially infectious and inflammatory genesis;
• dental diseases;
• recovery period after surgery.

Depending on when it is assigned physiotherapy UHF, its effect on the human body is different:

1. In pathologies of the respiratory system, high-frequency radiation leads to a rapid inhibition of the activity of pathogenic bacteria. The UHF therapy device has an immunorestorative effect on the human body, it kills a large number of pathogenic microorganisms. This creates good conditions for the healing of diseased areas of these organs.
2. With hypertension and other pathologies of the heart and blood vessels, this device improves central and peripheral blood circulation. Significantly increased contractile activity of the heart muscle. Improving vascular tone, in turn, helps to reduce the intensity of inflammatory processes in the body.
3. The choice of UHF therapy in the treatment of the digestive system is explained by the fact that it helps to strengthen the immune system and tissue activity. Physiotherapy also has a pronounced analgesic effect. That is why it is often prescribed for acute cholecystitis, pancreatitis, inflammation of the small or large intestine. Under the influence of high-frequency radiation, ulcers and other pathologically altered areas heal. Accordingly, all inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract are easier, and recovery occurs much faster.
4. UHF treatment is also used for inflammation in the genitourinary system. The blood supply to the affected organs of the body improves, swelling and inflammation decrease.
5. UHF prevents the development of processes of purulent lesions of the skin and mucous membranes. This is especially true in cases where the inflammatory process is in the acute purulent phase. Due to the pronounced bactericidal effect, the effectiveness of the negative phenomenon is reduced. The protective function of the skin is also stimulated, which is why the inflammatory process passes very quickly.
6. The ultra-high background of electromagnetic radiation is also used for the treatment of major nervous pathologies. UHF inhibits the processes in the central nervous system, leading to the occurrence of pain syndromes. Due to the significant improvement in blood circulation processes, the nervous tissue recovers faster and the recovery time is thus significantly accelerated. As a result, in some clinics, the treatment of sciatica, osteochondrosis, osteoarthritis and other similar pathologies using UHF devices is the main one.
7. It has been proven that the high frequency of UHF improves metabolic processes in the membranes of the eye. So it is possible to reduce the intensity of inflammatory processes in the membranes of the organs of vision and significantly improve their functionality. Some patients note that after UHF their vision improves. This can be explained by the fact that the intensity of metabolic processes in the membranes of the eye increases, blood circulation improves.

To clarify the need for UHF, the doctor may need to decipher some examinations (for example, ultrasound, MRI, etc.).

To carry out the procedure, use wooden furniture. Usually the patient sits or lies down, depending on where exactly the affected area of ​​​​the body is located. Some patients think that such an examination is associated with the removal of clothing. This is not true: a person does not have to undress at all. UHF radiation can even penetrate bandages.

The doctor chooses the most convenient and necessary electrodes for the patient (their size is different, depending on the size of the diseased part of the body). The plates are fixed in the holder and wiped with an ethanol solution. After that, they can be brought to the affected area. The electrodes can be installed in transverse and longitudinal arrangement.

With a transverse installation method, they are located opposite each other. One plate is on the affected area, and the second is on the opposite side. The UHF device distributes electromagnetic radiation throughout the body. It is necessary to maintain a minimum distance between the electrode and the human body (no more than 2 cm).

With the longitudinal method of installation, the elements are placed only on the affected area. This use of it is preferable, provided that a small part of the body is damaged. With a longitudinal installation scheme, electromagnetic waves penetrate to insignificant depths. And the closer the electrode-plate is to the skin, the stronger the thermal effect. Do not install the electrode directly on the skin, because in this case a severe burn can be provoked.

The doctor must adjust the device by giving required amount electromagnetic radiation. For this, there is a scale that sets the power in watts. There are 3 types of UHF dosages:

• athermic (less than 40 W) - it mainly has an anti-inflammatory effect;
• oligothermal (less than 100 W) - improves cellular metabolism, blood supply to organs and tissues;
• thermal (over 100 W) - rarely used, because it has some contraindications.

Depending on which dosage is chosen, the following changes may occur in the human body:

• the phagocytic activity of white blood cells increases, they begin to fight pathogens of dangerous diseases;
• the degree of exudation activity decreases, that is, the penetration of effusion into tissues due to a decrease in the intensity of inflammatory processes;
• fibroblasts are activated (they are responsible for the formation of connective tissues in the body);
• increases the permeability of capillary walls;
• metabolic processes are stimulated in all tissues and organs.

The scheme for using UHF treatment, in most cases, is standard. The duration of the procedures does not exceed 15 minutes (and sometimes less). Warming up will be effective if it is done every day (or every other day). The duration of treatment is determined by the doctor. The duration of therapy will be individual in each case.

In some cases, UHF treatment may be associated with certain side effects in the body. These include the following:

1. Skin burns - occur mainly due to the fact that the doctor used wet pads during the procedure. The same happens if the electrodes are in contact with the skin.
2. If EHF is used before surgery, the risk of bleeding increases significantly. Increased bleeding can also occur in tissues directly irradiated with high-frequency waves.
3. Scars appear from the fact that high-frequency rays stimulate the development of connective tissue. In some cases, for example, after abdominal operations, such treatment is not recommended.
4. In rare cases, electric shock can also occur. Often this happens if the patient does not follow the safety rules and comes into contact with the bare wires of the devices.

Contraindications

In some cases, there are contraindications for treatment with UHF, in particular, such as:

1. Severe disorders of blood clotting.
2. Arterial hypertension stage 3.
3. Malignant neoplasms.
4. Fever state.
5. Built-in pacemaker. In this case, the presence of high-frequency radiation can contribute to its failure and death of the patient.
6. Acute stage of coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, persistent or decompensated form of angina pectoris.
7. Blockage of the veins.

Relative prohibitions on conducting UHF are as follows:

• the presence of benign neoplasms in the body;
• increased activity of the thyroid gland;
• the presence of removable metal dentures.

Gender, age of the patient does not matter. For children, the intensity of exposure and the time of the procedure may decrease.

So, therapy with the use of high-frequency radiation is indicated for a significant number of diseases. In the vast majority of cases, this treatment brings good results. However, when going through all procedures, safety rules must be observed, since high-frequency radiation can be harmful. Sometimes it is completely contraindicated due to the presence of acute and chronic pathological conditions in the body.

One of the most effective methods physiological impact is UHF therapy. It is applied when various diseases, but most of all it is in demand for ailments of the musculoskeletal system. Also quite effectively, ultra-high frequency helps to relieve inflammation. This therapeutic technique has been used for over twenty years. What is ultra-high frequency therapy is of interest to many patients who have been prescribed this procedure.

The mechanism of its action is that the articular joints, organs, ligaments or tissues are affected by an electromagnetic field with a high frequency. After the procedure, blood flow improves and inflammation in the treated area subsides. It is for this reason that UHF therapy is used in many ailments.

The UHF procedure is also available for home use. But still, it is better to be treated with the help of stationary equipment and a specialist, so UHF therapy will be safe and will not cause unpleasant consequences.

The danger may be caused by the fact that many patients do not know how to carry out the procedure with an electromagnetic field and often get burned when using the devices themselves. To understand how this technique works, it is necessary to decipher its abbreviation, thus it will become clear how current ultra-high frequencies affect the body.

If they are not used correctly, then therapy will bring harm instead of benefit. It is carried out using current generator mechanisms with high-frequency characteristics. A pair of plates with condensing elements departs from these elements, through which the frequency acts on the tissue structures and organs of the patient.

In them, under the action of current, ionic oscillation occurs and the effect of heating is produced. That is why many patients call this technique thermal. But before you go to an appointment with a physiotherapist, you need to find out how the sessions are actually carried out and what awaits the patient in the specialist's office.

Methodology

UHF - therapy

The patient is seated or placed in the position necessary for the session. Then the hardware lamellar elements are placed at a distance of several centimeters from the skin. This gap is achieved thanks to a cloth or gauze napkin, which must be completely dry. This gap is necessary so that the patient does not get a burn of the skin. In addition, the plates of the apparatus are covered with a special insulating material. Depending on the disease or area on which the frequency will act, the position may be of a longitudinal or transverse type.

In certain areas, for example, on the lower or upper limbs, the plate elements are placed opposite each other, and the part of the body that will be processed by radiation is placed between them. Thus, the effect of UHF therapy will be much more effective.

This is necessary in order to reduce the inflammatory process in the organs or deep layers of tissues. If it is necessary to act on a place located close to the skin, the lamellar elements are arranged in a longitudinal manner. In this case, the distance between the plates should not be less than their diameter.

It is also necessary to choose the right current strength. For example, during inflammation, it should be as low as possible so that thermal radiation is not noticeable, and in order to accelerate the regeneration processes in tissues, heat should be felt well. UHF therapy most often takes five to fifteen minutes.

This time interval is determined depending on what kind of disease the patient has and what age category he belongs to. The number of sessions is determined by the physiotherapist, most often ten to fifteen procedures are sufficient.

Impact

For several decades, many ailments that have chronic course, and diseases that are at the stage of cure are treated with ultra-high-frequency radiation. Such therapeutic sessions are prescribed for patients diagnosed with bronchitis, otitis and sinusitis.

Also, UHF therapy is often used for diseases of the articular structures, ligamentous apparatus, diseases of the vascular system and heart, as well as diseases of the stomach and intestines.

Sessions of this therapeutic technique allow:

• Reduce pathogenic microflora in the body.
• Increase the leukocyte mass and enhance its effect.
• Accelerate blood flow.
• Activate the immune function of the body.
• Expand capillaries and reduce vascular tone.
• Improve metabolic processes, and stimulate intestinal motility.
• Relieve severe spasms.
• Improve mucous outflow in the maxillary sinuses and lungs.
• Remove puffiness and stop the focus of inflammation.
• Relieve pain syndrome.
• Relax the patient and calm his nervous system.

Indications

What is UHF therapy, many patients have known since childhood. This procedure allows you to get rid of the ailments presented:

• • Asthma and bronchitis.
  • Otitis, conjunctivitis, sinusitis.
  • Angina, tonsillitis, laryngitis in complex treatment.

• Inflammation that has a purulent etiology.
• Vegetovascular dystonia.
• Furuncles, felons, purulent wounds and trophic ulcers.
• Thrombophlebitis, vascular spasms, varicose veins and impaired cerebral blood flow.
• Cholecystitis, pancreatitis, intestinal spasms, gastritis, viral hepatitis.
• Diseases of the female reproductive system, menopause.
• Osteochondrosis, sciatica, myalgia, myositis, neuralgia.

Treatment of osteochondrosis with UHF

Also, many patients with trauma problems are prescribed this procedure. It helps to heal fractures faster, treat sprains and dislocations, speeding up the regeneration process and avoiding complications.

Side effects

Side effects of this therapeutic procedure include the following.

The occurrence of burns. Thermal lesions of the skin may appear due to the fact that during the sessions, instead of a dry cloth, a wet one was used. Also, burns can also be caused by touching metal plates to bare areas of the epidermis.

Bleeding. The use of this therapeutic technique before surgery is performed may increase the risk of bleeding. The electromagnetic field acts on the tissues, heating them. This leads to hyperemia in the area of ​​effect of the field, which can eventually lead to the fact that this area will bleed.

The appearance of scars. The therapeutic effect of the procedure, in particular, is directed to the development of connective tissues, which during inflammation are protective barriers that prevent the spread of pathogenic microflora throughout the body. However, in some cases, these tissues can degenerate into scar tissue during the warming process. Therefore, after surgery at the site of the sutures, high-frequency waves should not be used.

Electric shock. Side effects include electric shock. This situation occurs quite rarely, it leads to non-compliance with safety regulations. In the event that the patient inadvertently touches the exposed parts of the device that are energized, he may be shocked.

Contraindications

Not every patient is suitable for UHF therapy for the treatment of existing ailments. Like any other physiotherapy, this procedure cannot be used for diseases presented by:

• Oncology, mastopathy, fibroids.
• Poor blood clotting and with some vascular ailments.
• thyrotoxicosis.
• Reduced pressure.
• infarction and heart failure.
• High temperature.
• Bearing a fetus.

In addition, if the patient has metal implants, such as a pacemaker or dental crowns, he must inform the attending physician and the physiotherapist who will perform the procedure. Perhaps this factor will become a contraindication for the session. It is for this reason that treatment with UHF therapy should only be resorted to if the therapeutic technique has been prescribed by a doctor.

Video: Ultra high frequencies for our treatment

UHF THERAPY(syn.: ultrahigh frequency therapy, ultrashort wave therapy) - a method of treatment with an electromagnetic field in the frequency range from 30 to 3000 MHz.

With UHF-t. the absorption of electromagnetic energy in a living organism is determined mainly by the electric component of the field.

Electric field UHF has a high penetrating power, and the edge also depends on the electrical and dielectric (see Dielectric constant) properties of tissues, cells and their components. In the tissues of the body, it causes vibrations of ions, displacement of electron shells and atomic groups within molecules (electronic and atomic polarization), as well as orientational or dipole polarization in polar molecules that have their own dipole moment.

The absorbed energy of the UHF field is converted by Ch. arr. into heat (thermal effect of the field action). There is an opinion that the UHF field, along with the thermal one, also has a non-thermal - oscillatory effect. However, this opinion has not yet received convincing evidence.

A feature of the thermal action of the UHF electric field is the selective heating of body tissues, respectively, their physical and chemical. properties, ability to dissipate heat, depending on the blood supply, thermal conductivity and re-radiation, as well as according to the characteristics of the UHF field. Selective heating of tissues also depends on the location of the electrodes, near which the electric field strength is the highest. The greatest amount of heat under the action of the UHF field is formed in the subcutaneous tissue, the smallest - in the muscles, skin, nervous tissue, blood and lymph. Accordingly, the reaction of the body to the action of the UHF field is due to functional and biochemical. shifts that occur in response to tissue heating and irritation of thermoreceptors.

In honey. In practice, a continuous and pulsed UHF electric field is used. The power of the electric field in a pulse is 100 times or more greater than the power of a continuous field. The duration of the pulse is several microseconds and hundreds of times shorter than the duration of the pause. The UHF pulsed electric field allows for short-term exposure to high power without causing tissue damage.

The action of a continuous high-power UHF electric field is accompanied by negative reactions of the body (inhibition of regeneration processes, increased pain, etc.). Therefore, for therapeutic purposes, field powers are more often used, giving a feeling of weak heat.

Under the influence of the UHF electric field in the focus of inflammation, blood circulation increases, tissue dehydration occurs, and the functions of the mononuclear phagocyte system are stimulated (see); in traumatic and inflammatory-degenerative processes in the nervous system, regeneration (see) of nerve elements and the rate of excitation are accelerated. The UHF electric field reduces the sensitivity of pain receptors, which determines its analgesic effect. The antispastic effect of the UHF electric field on the smooth muscles of the stomach, intestines, gall bladder, stimulating effect on the separation of bile and intestinal juice was noted. Under the influence of the UHF field, the secretion of the bronchial glands decreases. The impact on the kidneys is accompanied by an increase in glomerular filtration, increased renal blood flow. Under the influence of the UHF field, capillaries expand, blood flow increases, and often a decrease in blood pressure, a native of the heart rate. Large doses cause tachycardia, shortness of breath.

Indications and Contraindications

Indications: acute purulent surgical infection (furuncle, carbuncle, phlegmon, felon, hydradenitis, osteomyelitis, etc.), acute inflammatory, including purulent, diseases of the eye (keratitis, blepharitis, etc.), ear, throat, nose (otitis, sinusitis, exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis in the presence of purulent plugs in the lacunae), bronchi and lungs (abscess, acute pneumonia, exacerbation of chronic pneumonia, bronchiectasis), liver and gallbladder (hepatitis, cholecystitis, including subacute) , kidneys, uterus and its appendages (in the infiltrative-exudative stage), periodontal disease, as well as the consequences of diseases and injuries of the musculoskeletal system (joints, spine), nervous system (myelitis, poliomyelitis, consequences of spinal cord injury, peripheral nerves), diseases peripheral vessels (obliterating endarteritis, acute and subacute thrombophlebitis), trophic ulcers.

For special indications, a high-intensity UHF field is used for thermal damage to tumors and the creation of hyperthermia.

Contraindications: neoplasms, systemic blood diseases, hypotension, pregnancy, tuberculosis in the active stage, ischemic disease, heart disease, hypertension from stage IIB, diabetes in the stage of decompensation, heart failure II-III degree, tendency to bleeding, aortic aneurysm. UHF-t. contraindicated for persons working on generators of high, ultra-high and ultra-high frequency.

Methodology

During the procedure, the patient is in a comfortable position - sitting in a wooden chair or lying on a wooden couch. Metal objects - hairpins, jewelry, etc. - are removed from the zone of influence of the UHF field (metal dental crowns are not a contraindication for UHF-t .; the presence in the patient's body of metal plates that fix bone fragments during the treatment of fractures also does not serve as a contraindication. if use the longitudinal arrangement of the electrodes). It is advisable to refrain from using UHF-t. in cases where there are metal fragments or implanted pacemakers in the patient's body (see Cardiostimulation), since this can lead to local burns and failure of the pacemaker. Electrodes (capacitor plates) are placed transversely, longitudinally or at an angle to the body surface in the patol zone. hearth. With deep localization of the focus, a transverse arrangement is preferred. The size of the air gap between the capacitor plate and the surface of the body is set depending on the depth of the focus: for superficial processes it is 0.5-1.5 cm, for deep processes it is 2-4 cm. The total (on both sides) gap should not exceed 6 cm for portable and 8 cm for mobile devices. The diameter of the capacitor plate is chosen depending on the affected area. To influence the areas of the nose, ear, or face, the smallest plates are used, for various areas of the body - plates of medium and large diameter. The procedure can be carried out through dry clothes or a dry plaster cast.

Exposure to the UHF electric field is dosed according to the output power, the patient's feeling of heat and the time of the procedure. There are doses of athermic (without a feeling of warmth), oligothermic (with a feeling of slight heat) and thermal (with a feeling of pronounced warmth). To obtain athermal and oligothermal doses, the minimum power of the UHF field and the maximum allowable air gap are used. In adults, exposure to the face and small joints is carried out at a power of 15-40 watts (in the elderly, the minimum dose is always), chest, abdominal cavity, small pelvis and large joints - 70-100 watts. In children, the applied power is less: on the face and neck - 15-30 W, on the chest and abdominal cavity - 30-40-70 W, on the upper and lower limbs - 15-40 W (depending on age). For children, to maintain a constant air gap between the capacitor plate and the surface of the body, felt or flannel circles with a thickness of 1.2 or 3 are laid, depending on the required size of the air gap; the electrodes are fixed with a bandage. The duration of exposure for adults is 10-15 minutes, for children - 5-12 minutes. The course of treatment is 5-12 procedures.

UHF-t. it is not recommended to combine with darsonvalization (see), high-frequency inductothermy (see), microwave therapy (see), X-ray and radioactive effects. Combinations of UHF-t are allowed. with permanent impact impulse current low frequency, thermal. hydrotherapy procedures, UV irradiation.

At HF - inductothermia (variable UHF magnetic field) - to lay down. the method, the operating factor to-rogo is predominantly a UHF magnetic field supplied to the tissues by a resonant inductor.

In tissues and media with high thermal conductivity (muscles, blood, lymph, parenchymal organs), eddy currents are formed, which is accompanied by significant heat generation. The depth of penetration of the UHF magnetic field into the body is 5-6 cm. The method of UHF inductothermy has not yet been studied enough. Its anti-inflammatory effect, the ability to enhance local blood circulation, increase tissue metabolism, and have an analgesic effect are noted. This method is used in arr. with inflammatory diseases, more often in the face (sinusitis, sinusitis, meibomitis), as well as with pneumonia in newborns and infants.

For treatment, a resonant inductor is used, which is installed above the lesion with or without a gap of 0.5 cm. The duration of exposure is 10-15 minutes, 10-15 procedures are prescribed for the course.

Devices for UHF therapy are generators of electromagnetic oscillations of the ultra-high frequency range, operating at a frequency of 27.12 MHz or 40.68 MHz. By design, the devices are divided into portable and mobile. Portable devices have a maximum output power of up to 100-150 watts, mobile devices - up to 400-500 watts. Output voltage can be modulated (or sinusoidally-long-range-modulated mains voltage) and pulse-modulated (devices for pulsed UHF-t.).

In the USSR, devices for UHF-t are mass-produced: portable UHF-30 with a maximum output power of 30 W and UHF-66 with a maximum output power of 70 W; mobile - "Screen-2" with a maximum output power of 350 watts and "Impulse-3", which creates pulse-modulated high-frequency oscillations with a pulse duration of approx. 2 μs, pulse repetition rate 500 Hz and the highest output power per pulse 18 kW, while the average output power is 18 watts. Devices "Screen-2" and "Impulse-3" are equipped with a procedural clock, with the help of which they set the specified procedure time. After this time, the generator automatically turns off and an audible signal sounds.

To influence small areas (eye, ear, tooth, etc.), the Miniterm device is produced with a maximum output power of 5 W, which has an output power meter (dosimeter), a procedural clock and four sets of electrodes - for use in dentistry, otorhinolaryngology, ophthalmology and gynecology.

Electrical safety when working with devices for UHF-t. ensured protective earth(according to class I). To protect medical staff from the effects of the UHF field, mobile devices are placed in cabins, curtained with shielding fabric (see Physiotherapy room).

Bibliography: Livenson A. R. Electromedical equipment, p. 137, M., 1981; Guidelines for physiotherapy and physioprophylaxis of childhood diseases, ed. A. N. Obrosov and T. V. Karachentseva, p. 71, M., 1976; Tutorial in Physiotherapy, ed. A. P. Speransky, p. 107, M., 1976; Sheina A.N. Therapeutic use UHF electric field, M., 1972; she, UHF and microwave therapy, M., 1980; Shereshevsky O. V. et al. Apparatus for low-power UHF therapy, Nov. honey. technology, in 3, p. 30, 1977; Microwaves and thermoregulation, ed. bv E. R. Adair, N. Y.-L., 1983.

M. I. Antropova, Yu. S. Dolin, O. A. Krylov; O. V. Shereshevsky (technician).