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Preparation for the OGE in geography Geography teacher: Voropaeva S.A. Tambov region, Michurinsky district, Krasivsky branch of MBOU Kochetovskoy secondary school
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Question 1 Write the name of the ocean in which the scientific vessel operates, if its coordinates are known to be 20∘ s. sh. 70∘ in. d. Indian
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According to the coordinates, we determine that the scientific vessel operates in the part of the ocean, which is located in the northern and eastern hemispheres. Points that have a latitude of 20∘s. sh., are in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans. It is through these oceans that the parallel of 20∘ s passes. sh. However, the boundary of the easternmost part of the Atlantic Ocean runs along the 20∘E meridian. e. And the western part of the Pacific Ocean, which is located in the Eastern Hemisphere, extends to 105∘ E. e. Hence, the point with coordinates 20∘ s. sh. 70∘ in. is located in the Indian Ocean. Explanation:
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Question 2 The salinity of water depends on various factors: on the amount of solar energy and the angle of incidence of sunlight, on the amount of precipitation and evaporation, on rivers that carry fresh water to the sea. Seas with different water salinity are marked with letters in the figures. Arrange the seas in order of increasing salinity. A B C BVA
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Explanation: Least salinity sea water will be in the sea shown in Figure B. Desalination factors in this case are precipitation and ingress fresh water rivers. For latitudes where glaciers form, salinity varies with the seasons. During the melting of glaciers, the water is desalinated. But during the formation of glaciers, salinity increases. The process of ice formation is shown in Figure B, which means that salinity will be slightly higher in this sea. The increased salinity of sea water will be in the sea shown in Figure A. This is due to the lack of precipitation (the sea washes the desert) and high evaporation (the maximum angle of incidence of sunlight).
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Question 3 Which of the resources belong to inexhaustible? fuel resources solar energy climate resources plant resources 2; 3
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Explanation: Natural resources are the components of nature that people use or can use in their economic activities. By exhaustibility, all natural resources are divided into the following groups: inexhaustible. Their use by man does not lead to a visible depletion of their reserves now or in the foreseeable future (solar energy, internal heat of the Earth, water energy, climatic resources, air, energy of ocean currents); exhaustible recoverable. These are resources that are characterized by the ability to recover through reproduction or other natural cycles (plant resources, fauna, water resources, soils, forests); exhaustible non-recoverable. Continuous use of such resources may reduce them to a level where further exploitation becomes economically unfeasible, and they are incapable of self-renewal (for example, mineral resources, including fuel resources).
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Question 4 Read the text. Fill in the gaps (indicated by letters) with the necessary words / phrases from the list (indicated by numbers). In the equator region, in a hot and very humid climate, where difficult-to-pass multi-layered forests grow, a natural zone _____ (A) has formed. To the north and south of the equator, the length of _____ (B) increases, which leads to the change of forests by savannahs. Moving further into the drier regions of Africa brings us to the natural zone _____ (B), which is occupied by plants with long roots, small, hard and thorny leaves. List of words (phrases): 1) steppe 2) tropical desert 3) wet period 4) dry period 5) humid equatorial forests 6) arctic desert Write the results in the table. A: 5; B: 4; IN 2
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Explanation: In the region of the equator, in a hot and very humid climate, where difficult-to-pass multi-layered forests grow, a natural zone of humid equatorial forests (A) has formed. (Hints are underlined). Steppes - a natural zone located in subtropical and temperate zones, located on the territory of Eurasia and America. There are no steppes in Africa. To the north and south of the equator, the length of the dry period (B) increases, which leads to the replacement of forests by savannahs. Savannahs - a natural zone located in the subequatorial belt, north and south of the humid equatorial forests, with a characteristic division of the year into dry and rainy seasons; savannas are covered with grassy vegetation. An increase in the dry period, rather than a wet one, leads to a change in forest vegetation to herbaceous vegetation, because woody vegetation requires a large amount of moisture. Further movement to the drier regions of Africa leads to the natural zone of tropical deserts (B), which is characterized by plants with long roots, small, hard and prickly leaves. Tropical deserts occupy large areas of Africa in the north and south of the mainland. Only plants capable of surviving extreme drought conditions can grow there. high temperatures. Some plants retain moisture in their roots, stems, and leaves. Cacti, for example, have thorns instead of leaves, which evaporate less water than leaves. The Arctic desert is part of the Arctic geographical zone, the basin of the Arctic Ocean. You will not find such deserts in Africa.
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Question 5 Below are the largest rivers in Russia. Arrange them in an east to west direction. A. Volga B Lena V. Ob BVA
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Explanation: From east to west, the rivers are arranged in this way: Lena is the largest river in Eastern Siberia. The Ob is a river in Western Siberia. The Volga is a river in the European part of Russia.
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Question 6 Establish a correspondence between a geographical object (indicated by letters) and the height of the sun above the horizon on March 21 (indicated by numbers). Geographical object: A) equator B) Tropic of the North C) Arctic Circle The height of the sun above the horizon in ∘: 1) 66∘30′ 2) 90∘ 3) 80∘ 4) 33∘30′ Record the results in the table. A: 2; B: 1; AT 4
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Explanation: March 21 is the vernal equinox. On this day, the Earth is in such a position with respect to the Sun when the sun's rays fall on the equator at an angle of 90∘, i.e. the Sun is at its zenith. The height of the Sun at a particular latitude is determined by the distance from the latitude above which the Sun is at its zenith. For example, if at latitude 0∘ the height of the noon Sun is 90∘, then at latitude 1∘ (in the northern or southern hemisphere) the Sun is at a height of 89∘ above the horizon. Thus, in order to determine the height of the Sun of any point, it is necessary to know the latitude of this point. Latitude of the Northern Tropic 23∘30′ s. sh. We determine the height of the Sun over the Northern Tropic on March 21: 90∘–23∘30′=66∘30′. The latitude of the Arctic Circle is 66∘30′. We determine the height of the Sun above the Arctic Circle: 90∘–66∘30′=23∘30′.
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Question 7 Establish a correspondence between the highest point of the mainland (indicated by letters) and its designation on the world map (indicated by numbers). Nai highest point: A) Mount Kilimanjaro B) Mount Aconcagua C) Mount Kosciuszko Record the results in a table. A: 3; B: 1; AT 4
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Explanation: 3. Mount Kilimanjaro - the highest point in Africa (5895 m above sea level). 1. Mount Aconcagua - the highest point in South America, 6962 m high. 4. Mount Kosciuszko (Kosciuszko) - the highest point in Australia, 2228 m high. 2. Mount Chomolungma (Everest) - the highest point in the world, 8848 m high, located on the mainland of Eurasia .
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Question 8 Rank the countries of the world in order of increasing rate of natural population growth, starting with the country with the lowest rate. A. Hungary B. India C. China AVB
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Explanation: Natural (natural) growth (defined in%) is the difference between the number of births and the number of deaths over a certain period of time. Natural population growth rates in developed and developing countries differ significantly. The main reason for this at present is the difference in birth rates. There are also regional differences. Thus, the reproduction of European countries is characterized by low birth rates, close to average mortality rates, and low natural increase. Asian countries are characterized by high birth rates, a reduction in mortality rates and, as a result, a high natural increase. In some Asian countries, such as China and India, demographic policies are being implemented to reduce the birth rate. So, in China, the main goal of such a policy was the transition from a large family to a one-child family. Therefore, such a policy is carried out under the mottos: "One child in the family", "One married couple - one child." The demographic policy of India is aimed at the transition from a large family to a two-child family. The slogans of such a policy are: "Have only two children - the first and last", "Two children are enough." Following from the above, we have the countries in this order: Hungary (-3.5%) - China (4.7%) - India (12.5%).
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Question 9 Choose from the three largest agglomerations indicated on the map of Russia. Indicate the numbers that indicate the centers of agglomerations. 1 2 3 4 5 6 1;2;3
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Explanation: There are 22 millionaire agglomerations in Russia. The largest agglomeration is Moscow with the center in Moscow. This agglomeration with a population of 14.7 to 17.3 million people, according to various estimates, includes more than 40 cities. The St. Petersburg agglomeration was formed around the second multi-millionaire city of St. Petersburg in Russia. According to various estimates, the population is approximately 5.4-6.2 million people. Chelyabinsk is one of the largest agglomerations in the Urals with its center in Chelyabinsk. The population is about 1.5 million people (9th place in Russia). Norilsk is a city of regional subordination of the Krasnoyarsk Territory with a permanent population of more than 150 thousand inhabitants. The Irkutsk agglomeration is a monocentric agglomeration with the core city of Irkutsk, with a population of 1.1 million people. Khabarovsk is a city, the administrative center of the Far Eastern Federal District of Russia and the Khabarovsk Territory with a population of 611 thousand people.
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Question 10 Find the correspondence between the country (marked with letters) and the chart of employment by sector of the economy (marked with numbers). Record the results in a table. A: 1; B: 3; IN 2
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Explanation: A-1. Great Britain is an economically highly developed country with a post-industrial type of economy. The structure of employment in this country is characterized by a high proportion of the employed population in the service sector (more than 70%), compared with industry and agriculture. B-3. Somalia is an African country with a low economic development where agriculture is the most important sector of the economy, employing over 60% of the population. The industrial sector, based on the processing of agricultural products, employs 10% of the population. The rest of the population is employed in the service sector. IN 2. Brazil - developing country. It also applies to the newly industrialized countries of Latin America. In the structure of employment of the population, a fairly high share is in industry and agriculture while the share of people employed in the service sector is increasing.
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Question 11 Which of the following statements about the countries of Western Europe are correct? 1 The population of Western European countries is characterized by a high degree of religiosity. 2 Most of the countries of Western Europe in terms of economic development belong to the group of highly developed economically. 3 In Western Europe, mineral resources are depleted. The industry of European countries in the international geographical division of labor is distinguished by the production of agricultural machinery. 2; 3
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Explanation: Western Europe is one of the centers of the world economy. Most of the countries in the region in terms of economic development belong to the group of highly developed economically. The economic power of the region is determined by four countries that are part of the "Big Seven": Germany, France, Great Britain and Italy. The population of Western Europe is more than 300 million people. Most profess Christianity. At the same time, Protestants predominate in the northern countries, while Catholics predominate in the southern ones. However, in recent times there is a decrease in the influence of the church. The provision of countries with mineral resources is not uniform, but due to the fact that the countries of Western Europe have long embarked on the path of industrial development, mineral reserves are depleted. This factor increases the dependence of the countries of the region on the import of raw materials. In the international geographical division of labor, the “face” of Western Europe is industry, and first of all, mechanical engineering. Almost all types of machine-building products are produced here, especially the production of machine tools, optics, electrical engineering and radio electronics. The automotive industry is of great importance; well-known companies: Volkswagen (Germany), Renault (France), Fiat (Italy), Volvo (Sweden).
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Question 12 In what regions of Russia does the rural population significantly exceed the urban population? 1 Lipetsk Region 2 Khabarovsk Territory 3 Republic of Altai 4 Republic of Ingushetia 5 Sverdlovsk Region 6 Republic of Dagestan 3; four; 6
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Explanation: The population of modern Russia lives mainly in cities - 73%. As of 2015, the most rural region was the Republic of Altai, where rural residents account for 70.8%. The second place in terms of the share of the rural population is the Chechen Republic - 65.2%, the third - the Republic of Ingushetia, where more than 59% of the inhabitants live in rural areas. The last places in the five most rural regions of Russia are the Karachay-Cherkess Republic and the Republic of Dagestan - 57.3% and 54.9% of rural residents, respectively. In the Lipetsk region, the share of the rural population is 35.8%, in the Khabarovsk Territory - 18.2%, in the Sverdlovsk Region - 15.7%.
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Question 13 In which three of the listed federal districts of Russia is the metallurgical complex most developed? 1 Northwestern 2 Ural 3 Southern 4 Central 5 Siberian 6 Volga 2; four; 5
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Explanation: There are three ferrous metallurgy bases on the territory of Russia, the development of which was influenced by raw materials, fuel and consumer factors. The Ural base produces almost half of the country's iron, steel and rolled products. The metallurgical enterprises of the base operate on their own reserves of iron ore, KMA ore and Kuzbass coal. A significant part of coal and ore is imported from Kazakhstan. The largest enterprises are located in Magnitogorsk, Nizhny Tagil, Chelyabinsk, Novotroitsk. The central base uses coal from the Donbass, the Pechora basin, Kuzbass, iron ore from the KMA and the Kola-Karelsky region. The largest enterprises are located in Lipetsk, Stary Oskol, Cherepovets. The Siberian base operates on coal from Kuzbass, iron ore from Gornaya Shoria, Khakassia and the Angara-Ilimsk basin. The largest enterprises are located in Novokuznetsk. An important place in the economy of the Northwestern Federal District is occupied by the extraction of oil, gas and coal. The branches of specialization of the Southern Federal District are the electric power industry, the oil and gas industry, on the basis of which the chemical industry is developing. The Okrug ranks first in Russia in the extraction of mineral waters, the second - in the extraction of tungsten raw materials (25%), the third - in the extraction of cement raw materials (15%). The Volga Federal District has a fairly well-defined oil specialization. Oil and gas reserves are respectively 13% and 2% of the total Russian, the level of production is respectively 25% and 5%.
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Question 14 Which of the following is true about the North Caucasus? 1 The North Caucasus is rich in various mineral waters. 2 A significant part of the North Caucasus is occupied by forests. 3 Most of the North Caucasus is located in the steppe zone, and its eastern part is in semi-deserts. 4 Significant iron ore deposits are located in the North Caucasus. one; 3
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Explanation: The North Caucasus is located in the south of the European part of Russia. The landscapes there are varied. Most of it is located in the steppe zone, and its eastern part is in semi-deserts. Compared to other regions of Russia, the North Caucasian economic region is poorly provided with forest resources, forests occupy only 10% of the territory. Due to the diverse and rather complex geological structure, the territory of the region is rich in minerals. There are significant reserves of oil and natural gas, coal, ores of non-ferrous and rare metals, rock salt. The North Caucasus is also rich in various mineral waters, which are used for medicinal purposes in numerous resorts: Zheleznovodsk, Essentuki, Kislovodsk, Pyatigorsk.
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Question 15 Which of the following statements contains correct information about the geological history of the Earth? 1 In the Archean era, mountain-building processes took place on Earth, accompanied by volcanism and weathering of rocks. 2 The foundation of the earth's crust is composed of basalt and granite layers. 3 The most ancient rocks in the earth's crust are granites and gneisses. 4 In the Anthropogenic period, continental glaciation had a decisive influence on the formation of the relief of North America and Eurasia. one; four
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Explanation: The geological history of the Earth is the sequence of events in the development of the Earth as a planet. Geological history is divided into large intervals - eras, eras are divided into periods, periods are divided into eras. The oldest era is Archean. At this time, the relief of the planet was just beginning to form. In the Archean era, mountain-building processes took place on Earth, accompanied by volcanism and weathering of rocks. Rocks of the Archean time are the most ancient. They are represented by crystalline schists, quartzites, and more rarely gneisses. The last period of the Earth's history is the Anthropogenic (Quaternary, Glacial) Cenozoic era. On the continents of the northern hemisphere at that time, sheet glaciers up to 2-3 km thick appeared. This continental glaciation had a decisive influence on the formation of the relief of North America and Eurasia. As a result of the geological history of the Earth, the earth's crust was formed - a solid stone shell of the Earth. There are continental and oceanic types of the earth's crust. The continental crust consists of three layers: basalt, granite, sedimentary, and the oceanic - of two: basalt and sedimentary.
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Question 16 Select the correct conclusions about air pollution in Russia from 2001 to 2005, based on the analysis of the data given in the table. Emissions of the main pollutants into the atmosphere in the Russian Federation, mln t 1 Emissions of solid substances into the atmospheric air by industrial enterprises and vehicles have decreased. 2 In 2005, particulate matter emissions exceeded carbon monoxide emissions. 3 In 2005, emissions of sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere amounted to 15.1% of the total volume of pollution. 4 Atmospheric air pollution with carbon monoxide has been constantly increasing. 3; four
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Explanation: According to the table, in the period from 2001 to 2005, the amount of emissions of solid substances into the atmospheric air by industrial enterprises and vehicles changed insignificantly, only by 0.1 million tons (3 million tons - 2.9 million tons = 0.1 million tons). In 2005, emissions of carbon monoxide (19.5 million tons) significantly exceeded emissions of solid substances (2.9 million tons). In 2005, emissions of sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere amounted to 15.1% of the total volume of pollution. Since the total emissions were 30.4 million tons (2.9 + 4.6 + 19.5 + 3.4 = 30.4 million tons), the share of sulfur dioxide emissions (4.6 million tons): ( 4.6 ⋅ 100): 30.4 = 15.1%. Atmospheric air pollution with carbon monoxide over this period has been constantly increasing: from 17.2 million tons in 2001 to 19.5 million tons in 2005.
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Question 17 While analyzing the map, compare the absolute minimum and maximum temperatures recorded in the history of climate observations at different points, indicated as 1, 2, 3. Arrange the points in order of decreasing annual temperature amplitude, starting with the largest. Write down the resulting sequence of numbers. 321
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Explanation: The annual amplitude of air temperature is the difference between the maximum and minimum temperature for the year. Using the map data, we determine the annual amplitude of point temperatures: 1. 37.1 − (−35.9) = 73. 2. 38.8 − (−46.7) = 85.5. 3. 38.2 − (−49.7) = 87.9. In order of decreasing annual temperature amplitude, starting from the largest, the points are arranged as follows: 3, 2, 1. The significant length of the territory of Russia from west to east causes an increase in the amplitude of air temperature in this direction.
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Question 18 Establish a correspondence between the administrative center (indicated by letters) and the subject of the Russian Federation (indicated by numbers). Administrative center: A) Yoshkar-Ola B) Ufa C) Chita Subject of the Russian Federation: 1) Republic of Bashkortostan 2) Trans-Baikal Territory 3) Republic of Mari El 4) Republic of Buryatia Record the results in the table. A: 3; B: 1; IN 2
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Explanation: Yoshkar-Ola is the administrative center of the Republic of Mari El. Ufa is the administrative center of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Chita is the administrative center of the Trans-Baikal Territory. The administrative center of the Republic of Buryatia is Ulan-Ude.
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Question 19 Which three of the following countries are oil exporting countries? 1 China 2 UAE 3 Canada 4 Kuwait 5 Germany 6 Iraq 2; four; 6
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Explanation: Top oil exporting countries: Saudi Arabia, Russia, UAE, Kuwait, Iraq, Nigeria, Qatar, Iran, Venezuela, Norway. Canada is also an oil exporting country, but it is not among the top ten countries. China and Germany are among the largest oil importers.
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Question 20 At what time does the sun rise in Krasnoyarsk (VI time zone) according to Moscow time, if in St. Petersburg it rises at 7 o'clock. Write your answer as a number. 3
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Explanation: We determine in which time zone (zone) the points are located: Krasnoyarsk - VI, St. Petersburg - II. We determine the time difference between the points: VI–II=IV (+4, as indicated on the map). We determine at what time the sun rises in Krasnoyarsk. Since Krasnoyarsk is located to the east of St. Petersburg, according to Moscow time, the sun rises earlier there: 7-4=3.
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Question 21 Using the data in the table, determine the proportion of the rural population as a percentage of the total population of the Republic of Tyva. Write your answer rounded to the nearest whole number. Population of the Republic of Tyva, thousand people 49
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The proposed teaching aid is intended to prepare for the main state exam in the 9th grade in geography. The book contains 10 training options for test tasks in geography, compiled according to the current specification of the OGE-2016, answers to all options, a demo version with comments and a detailed analysis of all types of examination tasks, as well as guidelines for students and teachers. The development of assignments is based on the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of the Basic general education.
The book is addressed to ninth-graders preparing to take the exam in geography in 2016, teachers and methodologists.
To organize systematic preparation for the exam, it is recommended to use the manual “Geography. Thematic tests for preparing for the exam and GIA in the form of the OGE, in which different levels test tasks grouped into sections according to the structure of the state standard for geography, as well as the exercise book “Geography. 8-9 grades. Work with various sources information."
Examples.
Such adverse climatic phenomena as tornadoes, tropical tornadoes and hurricanes - natural disasters from which people often suffer. Timely notification of the population by special services can prevent catastrophic consequences. In which of the following countries do such special services exist?
1) Norway
2) Mongolia
3) Mexico
4) Switzerland
In which of the following regions of Russia is the coal mining industry one of the main sectors of the economy?
1) Stavropol Territory
2) Kemerovo region
3) Volgograd region
4) Vologda region
Which region of Russia should tourists from Brazil go to in order to get acquainted with the beauty and grandeur of the architectural and park ensembles of Russia?
1) Murmansk region
2) Leningrad region
3) Vologda region
4) Smolensk region
CONTENT
Guidelines for preparing for the OGE in geography
Demo version for conducting the OGE in geography with comments and recommendations for its implementation
Training tests
Option 1
Option 2
Option 3
Option 4
Option 5
Option 6
Option 7
Option 8
Option 9
Option 10
Answers
Applications
General information about the continents
Basic information about the oceans
Political and administrative structure Russian Federation
Religious affiliation of the peoples of Russia
Literature.
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Publication date: 08/06/2016 08:39 UTC
- OGE 2020, Geography, Grade 9, Demo, Codifier, Specification, Project
- Specification of control measuring materials for the main state exam in GEOGRAPHY in 2020
- Codifier of verifiable requirements for the results of mastering the main educational program of basic general education and content elements for the main state exam in GEOGRAPHY, 2020
Explanatory note. The program is designed for 9th grade students who have chosen geography for the exam in a new form. The purpose of the course is to increase the level of subject and psychological preparation of students for the state final certification of 9th grade graduates in a new form in geography (acquaintance of students with the features of this form of certification, developing their skills in filling out certification documents and answer forms). In line with curriculum, and the approved annual calendar curriculum of MBOU "Gymnasium No. 1" the program is designed for 34 hours a year, 1 hour a week. Classes are held according to the approved schedule on Saturday, due to the fact that part of the classes falls on holidays(31.12.16, 25.02.2017, 06.05.2017) working programm reduced by 3 hours, hours on the topic "Reserve classes" were shortened. The course program is built in the logic of gradual mastering of the main content of geographical knowledge by students and consists of two sections: introduction and development of the main sections of the course. Each section consists of overview lectures, training tasks of the test form with a choice of answers, tasks of the test form with a short answer, analysis of difficult tasks. The course implements a competence-based, activity-based and individual approach to learning. The activity approach is implemented in the process of conducting independent and practical work with students and forms the basis of the course. The activity of the teacher is reduced mainly to advising students, analyzing and analyzing the most problematic issues and topics. Individualization of learning is achieved through the use of electronic and Internet resources in the learning process. The program assumes that the main task of a teacher implementing this course is not just transferring, broadcasting experience, accumulated knowledge, but also developing the creative potential of the personality of their students, developing their skills and abilities to overcome the boundaries of the known, traditional. Thanks to this, it becomes possible to go beyond the educational standard, for the successful realization of the creative potential of students, increasing their cognitive interest in geography and forming a more stable motivation to study the subject. In the process of mastering the program, students will be able to check the level of their knowledge in various sections school course geography, and will also pass the necessary stage of preparation for the unified state exam. The results of the development of the course. Know/understand: basic geographical concepts and terms; differences between the plan, globe and geographical maps in terms of content, scale, methods of cartographic representation; results of outstanding geographical discoveries and travels; geographical consequences of the Earth's movements, geographical phenomena and processes in the geospheres, the relationship between them, their change as a result of human activity; geographic zonality and zonation; geographical features of the nature of the continents and oceans, as well as the geography of the peoples of the Earth; differences in the economic development of different territories and water areas; relationship between geographic location, natural conditions, resources and economy of individual regions and countries; the specifics of the geographical location and administrative territorial structure of the Russian Federation; features of its nature, population, main sectors of the economy, natural economic zones and regions; natural and anthropogenic causes of geoecological problems at the local, regional and global levels; measures to preserve nature and protect people from natural and man-made phenomena Be able to: determine distances, directions, heights of points on the ground, plan and map; geographical coordinates and location of geographical objects; identify (recognize) the essential features of geographical objects and phenomena; describe the essential features of geographical objects and phenomena; explain the essential features of geographical objects and phenomena; make a brief geographical description of different territories; give examples: natural resources, their use and protection, the formation of cultural and everyday characteristics of peoples under the influence of their habitat; the largest raw materials and fuel and energy bases, regions and centers for the production of the most important types of products, main communications and their nodes, domestic and foreign economic relations of Russia, as well as the largest regions and countries of the world; find in different sources the information necessary for the study of geographical objects and phenomena, different territories of the Earth, their provision with natural and human resources, economic potential, environmental problems; to analyze the information necessary for the study of geographical objects and phenomena, different territories of the Earth, their provision with natural and human resources, economic potential, environmental problems; present measurement results in different forms, identify empirical dependencies on this basis. Use acquired knowledge and skills in practical activities and Everyday life for: definition of zone time; reading cards of various contents; solving practical problems in determining the quality of the environment, its use. Course content. Introduction (2 hours). Features of the procedure for conducting the state final certification of graduates of the 9th grade in a new form in geography. Regulatory and other documents that determine the procedure for conducting the state final certification of 9th grade graduates in a new form in geography, forms of the state final certification of 9th grade graduates in a new form in geography and other information related to this procedure. Rules for filling out forms. Peculiarities of examination work in geography, structure of KIMs, demonstration versions of control measuring materials (KIMs). Section I. Sources of geographic information (3 hours). Geographical models: globe, geographical map, terrain plan, their main parameters and elements (scale, symbols, methods of cartographic image, degree network) Solution of training tests for the section. Section II. The nature of the Earth and man (6 hours). Earth is like a planet. Shape, size, movement of the Earth. Earth's crust and lithosphere. Hydrosphere. Atmosphere. Biosphere. Geographic cover. The solution of training tests for the section. Section III. Continents, oceans, peoples and countries (8 hours). The modern face of the planet Earth. Origin of continents and oceans. The ratio of land and ocean on Earth. The population of the earth. The population of the Earth. Human races, ethnic groups. Continents and countries. The main features of the nature of Africa, Australia, Antarctica, South America, North America, Eurasia. The solution of training tests for the section. Section IV. Nature management and geoecology (2 hours). The impact of economic activity on people and nature. The main types of nature management. Natural phenomena in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere. The solution of training tests for the section. Section V. Geography of Russia (9 hours). Features of the Russian GP. Nature of Russia. Population of Russia. Economy of Russia. Natural economic zoning of Russia. The solution of training tests for the section. Generalization (1 hour). Conducting rehearsal testing and analysis of its effectiveness. Calendar and thematic planning for the special course "Preparation for the OGE in geography in grade 9" (31 hours) Introduction (2 hours) No. p / p 1. 2. Theme of the lesson Date according to the plan Date after the fact Correction Features of the procedure for conducting the GIA 9 classes. Regulatory and other documents. Rules for filling out forms. 3.09.16 3.09.16 Peculiarities of examination work in geography, structure and demonstration versions of KIMs. 09/10/16 09/10/16 Section I. Sources of geographic information (3 hours). 3. 4. 5. Globe, geographical map. Area plan. Scale. degree network. The solution of training tests for the section. Section II. The nature of the Earth and man (6 hours) 17.09.16 24.09.16 1.10.16 17.09.16 24.09.16 1.10.16 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Earth as a planet of the solar system. Earth movements. Lithosphere and geological history of the Earth. Hydrosphere. Atmosphere. Biosphere. Geographic cover. The solution of training tests for the section. Section III. Continents, oceans, peoples and countries (8 hours) 12. Modern appearance of the planet Earth. Origin of continents and oceans. Population and population of the Earth. Races, ethnic groups. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. Continents and countries. Africa. Australia. Antarctica. South America. North America. Eurasia. The solution of training tests for the section. Section IV Nature management and geoecology (2 hours) 20. 21. The impact of economic activity on people and nature. The main types of nature management. Natural phenomena in the geospheres. Solution of tests for the section. 4.02.17 11.02.17 Section V. Geography of Russia (9 h) 8.10.16 15.10.16 22.10.16 29.10.16 12.11.16 19.11.16 26.11.16 3.12.16 10.12.16 17.12.16 24.12.16 14.12.16 17 21.01.17 28.01.17 4.02.17 11.02.17 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. Features of the Russian GP. Nature of Russia. Natural features of Russia. Population of Russia. Demographic indicators of Russia. Economy of Russia. Branches of the economy of the Russian Federation. Natural economic zoning of Russia. The solution of training tests for the section. Generalization (1 hour) 31. Conducting rehearsal testing and analysis of its effectiveness. Psychological preparation for the exam Total: 31 hours 04/15/17 04/22/17 04/29/17 05/13/17 05/20/17 05/20/17
- a scale for recalculating the primary score for the completion of the 2020 examination paper into a mark on a five-point scale ;
- a scale for recalculating the primary score for the completion of the 2019 examination paper into a mark on a five-point scale ;
- the scale for recalculating the primary score for the performance of the examination paper in 2018 into a mark on a five-point scale ;
- the scale for recalculating the primary score for the performance of the examination paper in 2017 into a mark on a five-point scale ;
- the scale for recalculating the primary score for the performance of the examination paper in 2016 into a mark on a five-point scale ;
- the scale for recalculating the primary score for the performance of the examination paper in 2015 into a mark on a five-point scale ;
- the scale for recalculating the primary score for the performance of the examination paper in 2014 into a mark on a five-point scale ;
- the scale for recalculating the primary score for the performance of the examination paper in 2013 into a mark on a five-point scale.
Changes in the demonstration versions of the OGE in geography
In 2013 there were reduced the total number of tasks from 31 to 30 and ratio changed the number of tasks with a choice of answers, with short and detailed answers: 18, 9 and 3, respectively.
In 2014 in demo version of the OGE in geography It was ratio changed the number of items with multiple choice, short and long answers: 17, 10 and 3, respectively, and included task to check the understanding of the basic geographical concepts and terms and the ability to use the acquired knowledge to solve practical problems.
In 2015 in demo version of the OGE in geography has changed only response record form in tasks with a choice of answers: the answer has become necessary to write down digit with the number of the correct answer(not circled).
AT demo version of the OGE 2016 in geography compared to 2015 demo there are no substantive changes. Changed only sequence order several tasks of part 1.
AT demo versions of the OGE 2017 - 2019 in geography compared to 2016 demo there were no changes.
AT demo version of the OGE 2020 in geography Compared to the 2018 demo, the following changes:
- was quest sequence changed;
- was response form changed in tasks (2, 3, 14, 15, 21, 22, 24, 26);
- was included a mini-test of three tasks (27–29) to test the ability to work with the text of geographical content;
- maximum score for all the work reduced from 32 to 31.
