Work programs on subjects: recommendations for compilation. Academic subject and curriculum Academic disciplines subject curricula

Regulation on developmentcurriculum

main documents,

• state educational standard (federal and national-regional component);
• the basic curriculum of schools in the Russian Federation (distribution of the content of education by educational areas, academic disciplines, years and weeks);
• standard (exemplary) curricula;
• educational program and curriculum of the educational institution;
• work program on the subject of a particular teacher.

Exemplary programs in the subject

• reflect the leading ideological ideas of the development of society,
• determine the main directions for the implementation of the content of education and the requirements for the organization of the educational process, for basic knowledge, skills and abilities, taking into account the specifics of a particular academic subject;
• calculated for the number of hours devoted to the study of each educational area in the invariant part of the Basic curriculum OU Russian Federation, approved by order of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation No. 1312 of 03/09/2004;
• serve as the basis for the preparation of work programs for training courses and disciplines.

An exemplary (typical) curriculum is a document that details the mandatory (federal) components of the content of training and the parameters of the quality of assimilation educational material on a specific subject of the basic curriculum. Recommended by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation and is advisory in nature

Sample Program Functions

Information and methodological function

(gives an idea of ​​the goals, content, general strategy for teaching, educating and developing students by means of this subject).

Organizational planning function

(highlights the stages of training, structuring the educational material, determining its quantitative and qualitative characteristics at each of the stages, including for the content of the intermediate certification of students)

a document created on the basis of the state educational standard and the Model Program and having the author's concept of building the content of a training course, subject, discipline (module). The author's program is developed by one or a group of authors

Working programm subject

this is a set of educational and methodological documentation, which is independently developed by the teacher (teachers) of the educational institution on the basis of working curriculum and sample programs training courses, subjects, disciplines (modules) recommended by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, copyright programs With taking into account the goals and objectives of the main educational program at the school level and which reflects ways of implementation the content of the subject in a particular educational institution.

The difference between the exemplary and working program

Sample Program defines basic knowledge, abilities, skills and reflects the system of leading worldview ideas, general recommendations methodical nature.

Working programm specifies the appropriate educational standard, taking into account the necessary requirements for its construction, and also describes the national-regional level, takes into account the possibilities of methodological, informational, technical support of the educational process, the level of training of students, reflects the specifics of education in this educational institution

The compiler of the working curriculum can independently

• expand the list of didactic units within the limits regulated by the maximum classroom load of students, and subject to continuity with the mandatory minimums of adjacent levels of education;
• disclose the content of sections, topics, designated in the state educational standard, based on study guides(from federal list), which he considers appropriate;
• concretize and detail didactic units;
• establish the sequence of studying educational material;
• distribute the time allotted for studying the course between sections and topics according to their importance;
• complete the list practical exercises;
• specify the requirements for knowledge and skills of students;
• include the material of the regional component in the amount of teaching hours allocated for this subject;
• choose based on the tasks facing the subject, teaching technologies and monitoring the preparedness of students in the subject.

Aspects reflected and taken into account in the work program

• requirements of federal components of state educational standards;
• obligatory minimum content of training programs;
• the maximum amount of educational material for students;
• requirements for the level of training of graduates;
• the amount of study hours determined by the curriculum educational institution for the implementation of academic subjects, modules, special courses, workshops, research and project activities in each class;
• cognitive interests of students;
• goals and objectives of the educational program of the school;
• selection by the teacher of the necessary set of educational and methodological support.

The structure of the teacher's curriculum

• title page;
• explanatory note;
• the content of the training course program;
• educational and thematic plan   thematic planning with the definition of the main types of educational activities of students);
• requirements for the level of training of students (personal, meta-subject (competence-based) and subject results of mastering a particular academic subject, course);
• educational and methodological teaching aids (description of material and technical, educational, methodological and information support of the educational process

Title page of the program

• full name of the founder and educational institution in accordance with the charter;

• where, when and by whom the working curriculum was approved;
• name of the subject (course);
• indications of the belonging of the working curriculum to the stage, level general education;
• the duration of this program;
• an indication of the exemplary program and its authors, on the basis of which this working curriculum has been developed;
• Full name. the teacher who created this work curriculum

• title, author and year of publication of a particular program(approximate, author's), on the basis of which the Work Program was developed;
• goals and objectives of this program training in the field of forming a system of knowledge, skills (tasks are formulated in accordance with the standard and taking into account the given educational institution);
• logical connections this subject with other subjects of the curriculum;
• rationale for content selection and the general logic of the sequence of its study, the distinctive features of the work program compared to the exemplary program (change in the number of hours for studying individual topics, structural rearrangement of the order of studying topics, expanding the content of educational material, revealing the links between the main and additional education etc.) and justification of the feasibility of making these changes;
• general characteristics of the educational process: forms, methods and means of teaching, technologies

The content of the topics of the training course

• An abstract description of each section according to the numbering in the educational and thematic plan. The presentation of educational material in a given sequence provides for the specification of all didactic content units.
• The content of the educational topic:
• main research questions,
• practical and laboratory work, creative
  and practical tasks, excursions and other forms of classes used in training,
• requirements for the knowledge and skills of students,
• forms and issues of control,
• possible types of independent work of students.
• Topic title.
• The required number of hours to study it.

Educational and thematic plan

• reflects the sequence of studying sections and topics of the program shows distribution of training hours by sections and topics;
• determines the conduct credits, control, practical and other types of work due to the time provided for by the maximum teaching load;
• compiled for the entire period of study (usually for the academic year);
• presented in the form of a table

Requirements for the level of preparation of students

• Description of the goals-results of learning, expressed in the actions of students (operational) and actually identifiable with the help of some tool (diagnostic).
• This list of learning outcomes includes special subject and general learning skills and activities.
• The basis for highlighting the requirements for the level of training of students is the state educational standard of general education and the curriculum (exemplary or author's), on the basis of which the Work Program is developed. Therefore, the requirements for the level of preparation of students, prescribed in the Work Program, must not be lower than the requirements formulated in the federal component of the state standard for general education and the curriculum adopted as the basis.

Features of the formulation of requirements for the level of training of students

They must :

• be described through the actions of students;
• indicate a certain level of achievement;
• be achievable and measurable;
• be described in a language understandable to students.

Educational and methodical teaching aids

include

• basic and additional educational literature (textbooks, manuals, collections of exercises and tasks, control tasks, tests, practical work and laboratory workshops, anthologies);
• reference manuals (dictionaries, reference books);
• visual material (albums, atlases, maps, tables);
• equipment and appliances...

Three groups:

• "Literature (basic and additional)";
• "Didactic material";
• "Equipment and Appliances".

Literature is drawn up in accordance with GOST bibliographic description

Possible options for the use and design of work programs by the teacher

• Use of an exemplary program, an exemplary program as amended;
• Using the existing author's program (as a rule, the program of the author of the textbook);
• Use of the author's program with the changes made;
• The author's program of the teacher.

Work Program Approval Path

1. Considered at the methodological association, is adopted at the scientific and methodological council. The decision of the SHMO and the NMS is documented in a protocol. A preliminary external examination is possible (June)

2. The school principal issues an order on the approval of each curriculum. Each program must be labeled acceptance of the program (MS), the results of the examination (if any), the school principal's mark on the approval of the program (date and number of the order). Approval of all programs until August 31.

3. One copy of the curriculum are part of the PLO and are with the administration in accordance with the nomenclature. The second copy from the teacher

• Federal List of Extremist Materials (as of 04/02/2019) Open
• Federal Law No. 114 "On counteracting extremist activity" Open
• Federal Law No. 112-FZ of 05 July 2002 “On Amendments and Additions to the Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation in Connection with the Adoption of the Federal Law “On Combating Extremist Activities”Open
• Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of March 23, 1995 No. 310 (as amended on November 3, 2004) "On measures to ensure coordinated actions of state authorities in the fight against manifestations of fascism and other forms of political extremism in the Russian Federation"

Belgorod Institute for Education Development

Work programs

for academic subjects:

content, structure, requirements

(article)

Belyaeva Elena Anatolievna,

primary school teacher

MBOU "Borisovskaya secondary

secondary school No. 1

them. A.M. Rudogo"

Borisovka, Belgorod region

Belgorod 2013

In connection with the introduction of federal state educational standards of the new generation, the priority direction for the development of general education is to ensure the quality of education that meets the actual needs of the individual, society, and the state.
In accordance with the Federal Law "On Education" and the Federal State Educational Standard, exemplary basic educational programs for primary and basic general education have been developed and published, which define the goals, objectives, planned results, content and organization of the educational process.

Sample program for subject guides teachers in the preparation of work programs.

The work program of the subject is a set of educational and methodological documentation that is independently developed by the teacher (teachers) of the educational institution on the basis of the working curriculum and exemplary programs of training courses, subjects, disciplines recommended by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, taking into account the goals and objectives of the main educational program school education and reflecting the ways of implementing the content of the subject. It is a teacher's program of action to achieve educational outcomes.

Work program - a normative document that determines the volume, order, content of studying and teaching any academic discipline, based on an exemplary program for a subject.

The purpose of the work program is planning, organization and management of the educational process in a particular academic discipline.

The tasks of the educational work program are a specific definition of the content, volume, procedure for studying the academic discipline, taking into account the characteristics of the educational process of a particular educational institution and the contingent of students.

Each subject teacher must have a work program in his subject. Work programs should reflect the features of the structure and content of the set of textbooks in the subject chosen by the teacher and in which the training is carried out.

Teachers often ask if ready-made, published work programs can be used, or should they develop them themselves? If the published work programs meet the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard, there is no need to duplicate them, and ready-made work programs can be used.

Of course, a teacher can independently develop a work program for the set he is working on, observing all the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of General Education, taking into account the characteristics of the class in which he works, and present the work program as an individual creative document.

When starting to draw up a work program for a subject, the teacher needs to know well:

the main content of the course, that is, the corresponding section of the fundamental core of the content of general education, which is preserved regardless of which textbook the teacher works with;

requirements for the results of mastering the main educational program of the corresponding level of education in the field of their academic subject;

planned results of the study of the subject;

a program for the formation of universal educational activities;

program of education and socialization of students.

The teacher can familiarize himself with all these materials by reading the approximate program for his subject and the approximate basic educational program of the corresponding level of education.

It must be recalled that the work program is drawn up not in general for a subject, but for a specific line of textbooks, according to which the teacher works.

Program requirements:

1. The presence of signs of a regulatory document.

2. Accounting for the main provisions of the educational program of the school.

3. Complete disclosure of values ​​and learning objectives.

4. Consistency and integrity of the content of education.

5. The sequence of location and the relationship of all elements of the course content; determination of methods, organizational forms and means of training, which reflects the unity of the content of education and the learning process in the construction of the program.

6. Accounting for logical relationships with other subjects of the OU curriculum.

7. Concreteness and unambiguity of the representation of the elements of the content of education.

Work programs are created taking into account:

. requirements of the components of federal state educational standards;

. obligatory minimum content of basic educational programs;

. volume of educational material for students;

. requirements for the level of training of graduates;

. the volume of study hours determined by the school curriculum for the implementation of academic subjects in each class (parallels);

. cognitive features and cognitive interests of students;

. goals and objectives of the educational program of the institution;

. used set of educational and methodological support;

. information and technical equipment of the classroom (educational process)

Structure

The work program for any academic subject should be built according to the same structure as the exemplary program. This structure is defined by the Federal State Educational Standard.

The work program should include:

1. Title page.

2. Explanatory note.

3. General characteristics of the subject.

4. Description of the place of the subject in the school curriculum.

5. Personal, meta-subject, subject results of mastering a subject.

6. The content of the subject.

7. Thematic planning of the training course.

8. Planned results achieved by students.

9. Description of the educational-methodical and material-technical support of the educational process.

I will give specific guidelines on the preparation of work programs for educational subjects in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard and their mandatory structural components.

1. Title page The work program must contain:

Name of the educational institution;

The name of the course for which the program was written;

Program level (basic, profile level, in-depth or extended study of the subject);

Indication of the parallel, class in which the course is being studied;

Surname, name, patronymic of the teacher - compiler of the work program;

Program approval stamp;

Year of the program.

2. Explanatory note the work program on the subject should contain:

the regulatory framework of the program (the federal component of the state educational standard (hereinafter referred to as the Federal State Educational Standard), an exemplary program in a general educational subject, an author's educational program in accordance with the educational and methodological set, an educational program of an educational institution, an educational program in a subject, a curriculum of an educational institution;

goals and objectives of teaching in the subject in this class;

distinctive features in comparison with the exemplary program (change in the number of hours for studying individual topics, rearranging the order of studying topics, expanding the content of educational material, etc.), justification of the additions and changes made;

the number of study hours for which the work program is designed, including the number of hours for conducting control (with an indication of the type), laboratory, practical work, excursions, projects, research, speech development lessons;

interdisciplinary (meta-subject) connections of the subject;

taking into account the characteristics of the students of the class;

features of the organization of the educational process in the subject: forms, methods, teaching aids used by the teacher;

types of control (introductory, current, thematic, boundary, final, complex); -- forms of control used by the teacher;

used educational and methodological kit (full list).

3. General characteristics subject (this section describes the features of the content and methodological apparatus of textbooks, including how the fundamental core of the content of general education is reflected in the selected educational and methodological set);

4. Description of the place of the subject in the curriculum educational institution should reflect information about which part of the curriculum (mandatory or optional) and why this subject belongs to one or another part, how it should be implemented in terms of the number of hours per week by class and the total number of hours. The description of the place of the subject in the program should reflect information from the curriculum of a particular educational institution, and not the basic one.

5. Personal, meta-subject, subject results of mastering the subject , which must be taken from the Federal State Educational Standard and can be supplemented in accordance with the characteristics of the selected textbooks;

6. Description of the value orientations of the content of the subject should contain value orientations of a specific academic subject, taken from an exemplary program and a program for the spiritual and moral development and education of younger students of the main educational program of an educational institution, and correlated with the content of a specific academic subject.

7. Calendar-thematic planning is one of the most important components of the work program, because allows you to distribute all educational material in accordance with the curriculum and the annual work schedule of the educational institution.

Calendar-thematic planning is developed for the academic year. The calendar-thematic plan should contain information about the sections and topics of the program, indicating the amount of training hours allocated for their implementation; topics of lessons within the framework of the topics and sections of the program, topics of workshops and laboratory lessons; themes of the lessons of monitoring the results of mastering the program material by students. The lesson distribution of educational material is carried out sequentially. Approximate dates for completing training topics are indicated according to the calendar of the current year.

In each reporting period (quarter, semester, half year), the calendar and thematic plan of the work program should be correlated with the class journal and the teacher's report on the passage of the program material. In case of discrepancy, the teacher substantiates and makes changes to the calendar and thematic plan, providing conditions for completing the program in full in fewer or more teaching hours.

Approximate form of the calendar-thematic plan.

8. The planned results of students achieving the requirements for the results of mastering the main educational program (the teacher can take this section from the exemplary main educational program of the educational institution).

Requirements for the level of training of students are a description of the goals-results of learning, expressed in the actions of students and actually identifiable with the help of some tool (diagnostic). This list of learning outcomes includes special subject and general learning skills and activities. The basis for highlighting the requirements for the level of training of students is the state educational standard of general education and the curriculum (exemplary or author's), on the basis of which the Work Program is developed. Therefore, the requirements for the level of preparation of students, prescribed in the Work Program, must not be lower than the requirements formulated in the federal component of the state standard for general education and the curriculum adopted as the basis.

When developing requirements for the level of training of students, it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of their formulation. Namely, they should: be described through the actions of students; indicate a certain level of achievement; be achievable and measurable; be described in a language understandable to students.

This section should contain:

a package of control and measuring materials indicating the number of the lesson, the date of the conduct (tests, tests by class and topic, input and final work).

criteria and norms for assessing the knowledge, skills and abilities of students (oral answers, control and independent work, test tasks and etc.).

9. Description of Logistics educational process should also be presented in the table. When describing it, it is necessary to take into account the real conditions of the educational process of a particular educational institution. For example, if an educational institution has computer classes, then their use is planned in the work program of the subject, if it is planned to teach students to swim in Physical Education, then the presence of a swimming pool, etc. should be indicated. Electronic resources must be specifically listed, and not only their presence on a particular Internet site should be indicated. In the column "number" it is necessary to indicate the actual number of objects used by the educational process of a particular educational institution. Tables and chairs do not belong to the material and technical support of the educational process according to the work program of the subject.

List of educational and methodological support , which is a component of the work program, contains background information about the output data of exemplary and author's programs, the author's educational and methodical set and additional literature, and also includes data on the used educational and laboratory equipment.

It should be noted that the Law of the Russian Federation "On Education" does not define the requirements for the work program. Each teacher chooses an independent form of records, a text version of the work program. One of the options for the work program can be drawn up by analogy with the requirements for a typical curriculum. The teacher can make adjustments to all the structural elements of the program, taking into account the characteristics of his educational institution and the characteristics of students in a particular class. For example, to determine a new order for studying the material, change the number of hours, make changes to the content of the topic being studied, and supplement the requirements for the level of student preparation. This will allow you to see the features of the content implemented by the teacher, but does not contain information about the features of the organization of the educational process. However, in order to avoid discrepancies at the level of an educational institution, it is necessary to develop common approaches to the development and design of work programs for teachers, securing the Regulations on the work program of a teacher.

The procedure for developing and approving the work program

The work program is subject to examination .

The work program is developed by each teacher independently for one academic year on the basis of an exemplary or author's program in the subject in accordance with the educational program of the institution. The number of teaching hours per subject in the work program must correspond to the annual number of teaching hours according to the school curriculum for the current academic year. In case of discrepancy between the number of hours, it is necessary to justify the changes in the explanatory note. When making changes to the subject, the sequence of studying the material, the number, duration of tests, etc. it is necessary to provide justification for the changes in the explanatory note.

The teacher presents the work program to the meeting of the methodological association of subject teachers for examination of compliance with the established requirements. The minutes of the meeting of the methodological association of subject teachers indicate the fact that the work program meets the established requirements.

Then the work program is analyzed by the deputy director for educational work for the compliance of the program with the curriculum of the general education institution and the requirements of state educational standards, and the presence of the textbook intended for use in the federal list is also checked.

After agreeing on the work program, the director of the educational institution approves, puts the approval stamp on the title page (top right): I APPROVE Director (signature) Signature transcript. The date.

General requirements for the design of the work program

The text is typed in the Word for Windows editor in Times New Roman font, size 12-14, single line spacing, no hyphenation in the text, justified alignment, paragraph 1.25 cm, margins on all sides 2 cm; headings and paragraphs in the text are centered using Word tools, A4 sheets. Tables are inserted directly into the text. The curriculum is stitched, the pages are numbered, sealed with the seal of the educational institution and the signature of the head of the educational institution.

The title page is considered the first, but is not numbered, as well as the sheets of the application.

Calendar-thematic planning is presented in the form of a table.

The list of references is built in alphabetical order, indicating the city and the name of the publisher, the year of issue, the number of pages of the document (book), if it is fully studied. It is allowed to draw up a list of literature on the main sections of the subject being studied.

1. General Provisions.

In the Law of the Russian Federation "On Education" in paragraph 2.7 of Article 32 "Competence and responsibility of an educational institution" it is said that the competence of an educational institution includes "the development and approval of work programs for training courses and disciplines."

The main documents containing the requirements for the level of training of students and the minimum content of education are:

1. State educational standard (federal and regional component).
2. The basic curriculum of the school, compiled on the basis of MBUP.

Working training programs are compiled on the basis of exemplary programs, considered by the methodological association, approved by the methodological council of the school, the director.

Work programs are based on the requirements of the State Educational Standard for the subject. Unlike the exemplary program, they are based on the educational program of the school, taking into account the main directions of development, the national-regional component is described, the possibilities of methodological, informational, technical support of the educational process are taken into account, the level of preparedness of students in a particular educational institution and class.

In accordance with modern requirements for planning the educational process, the working curriculum for the subject should reflect and specify the key competencies that can be formed in this academic discipline, i.e. their component composition is described taking into account the specifics of the subject.

In addition, in the work program for the subject, if there is a final certification in the form of a unified state exam(USE) in grades 11 and GIA-9 in grades 9, time should be taken to prepare for this form of certification when studying the didactic units that make up the USE and GIA-9.

The work program of the academic discipline is the same for all forms of education: classroom, home, individual and external studies.

Invariant part of the work program- in it, the teacher can, at his own discretion, reveal the content of those main sections and topics that are indicated in the standard as didactic units, based on scientific schools and teaching aids that he considers appropriate. Based on his considerations (intersubject communications, the need for faster preparation for the Unified State Exam and GIA-9), he can establish the sequence of studying educational material, distribute the time allotted for studying the course between sections and topics according to their significance, develop a list of laboratory work and practical classes, choose topics for self-study schoolchildren, to specify the requirements for the knowledge and skills of students, to include the material of the school component in the amount of teaching hours allocated for this discipline, to choose, based on the tasks facing the discipline, technologies, forms and methods of teaching and monitoring knowledge and skills.

2. Procedure for developing a working curriculum.

The working curriculum includes a title page, an explanatory note, a calendar and thematic plan for the current academic year, the content of educational material, mandatory laboratory, practical, control and other work, educational results, methods and forms of assessing the achievement of these results, educational and methodological and information support of the course, a list of literature for students. Other documents that a teacher needs for the full and effective implementation of the educational process (for example, codifiers, exemplary control options, etc.) can be attached to working curricula.

1) The title page states:

• full name of the founder and educational institution in accordance with the charter;
• where, when and by whom the working curriculum was approved;
• Full name. the teacher who compiled this working curriculum;
• the name of the methodical association (department);
• name of the educational area;
• name of the subject (course);
• class name, its number and letter;
• indications of the belonging of the working curriculum to the stage, level of general education;
• an indication of the exemplary program and its authors, on the basis of which this working curriculum was developed (title, authors);
• the number of hours devoted to the study of the subject per year;
• educational and methodical set (title, authors, imprint);
• additional literature.

2) Explanatory note - one of the most important sections of the work program. The explanatory note, as a rule, contains the goals and objectives of studying the subject (course), the concept inherent in the content of the educational material, taking into account the type of educational institution and the contingent of students, the distinctive features of the work program compared to the exemplary program, the timing of the implementation of the working curriculum, forms and methods, teaching technologies, used forms, methods and means of checking and evaluating learning outcomes for this working curriculum, justification for choosing an educational and methodological complex for implementing a working curriculum. In this section, the teacher determines what students should master in the subject for the year and what material to master.

3) A codifier for the subject is attached to the work program, which can be found on the FIPI website in KIMs:

• for grades 5-9 - a codifier of content elements and requirements for the level of training of students who have mastered the basic general education programs of basic general education, for conducting state (final) certification (in a new form) in ... (subject);
• for grades 10-11 - a codifier of content elements and requirements for the level of training of graduates of general education institutions for conducting a unified state exam in ... (subject).

4) The work program is also accompanied by control over the implementation of the program (options for tests, tests for starting, intermediate and final controls, options for practical and laboratory work).

5) The work program also includes literature, which is divided into literature on the academic discipline, into basic and additional, into educational and reference manuals, as well as educational literature. The list of basic literature includes publications, the content of which specifies the knowledge of students on the main issues outlined in the program. The additional list depends on the preferences of the compiler of the work program. The work program includes publications that expand the knowledge of students on certain aspects and problems of the course.

The approximate volume of the work program is 8-10 sheets in MS Word.

4. The teacher also draws up a calendar-thematic planning for the subject and applies it to the work program.

In the calendar-thematic plan, the sequence of studying sections and topics of the program should be disclosed, teaching hours should be distributed among sections and topics of the discipline based on the complexity of the subject and the number of training weeks. The list of laboratory work and practical exercises, as well as the number of hours may differ from those recommended by the approximate program, but at the same time they must form the level of training determined by the State requirements, as well as additional requirements established by the educational institution itself. When developing a thematic plan, it is necessary to pay attention to the allocation of time to prepare for the Unified State Examination and GIA-9, especially in the final grades.

The title page of the calendar-thematic planning contains the following information:

The calendar-thematic planning itself has the following structure:

Working curricula developed by the teacher and calendar-thematic planning for the subject are considered at a meeting of the methodological association of school teachers.

After the examination, the school methodological association of teachers gives an opinion on the approval or revision of the curricula. The decision of the school methodological association is drawn up in a protocol. After that, with a positive decision, the working curricula are presented to the administration of the educational institution. The principal of the school issues an order to approve the working curricula for each subject (course).

All working curricula indicate the date of their adoption at a meeting of the school methodological association with the signature of its chairman, the signature of the deputy director for water resources management on approval and the principal of the school on their approval, indicating the date and number of the order. Approval of working curricula for academic subjects is carried out before the start of the academic year, but no later than August 31 of the current academic year.

One copy of the approved working curricula is stored in the school documentation in accordance with the nomenclature of cases, the second is transferred to the teacher for the implementation of the educational process.

During the year, the administration of the educational institution conducts periodic monitoring of the implementation and implementation of working curricula: monitoring is carried out on the implementation of work programs and curricula, and an administrative certificate is drawn up.

Subject- this is a system of scientific knowledge, practical skills that allow students to learn, with a certain depth / and in accordance with their age-related cognitive capabilities, the basic starting points of science or aspects of culture, labor, production.

Training program- a normative document that reveals the content of knowledge, skills and abilities (competences) in the subject, the logic of studying the main worldview ideas, indicating the sequence of topics, questions and the amount of time for their study.

Training program determines the general scientific and spiritual-holistic orientation of teaching the subject, assessments of theories, events, facts.

The program determines the structure of the arrangement of educational material by year of study and within each school class.

Learning programs can be

· typical,

· workers

Model Curricula are developed on the basis of the requirements of the state educational standard for a particular educational field. They are approved by the Ministry of General and vocational education Russian Federation and are advisory in nature.

Based on the model program, working curricula are developed and approved by the pedagogical council of the school

AT work program in contrast to the standard one, the national-regional component is described, the possibilities of methodological, informational, technical support of the educational process, the level of preparedness of students are taken into account.

Author's training programs, taking into account the requirements of the state standard, may contain a different logic for the construction of an educational subject, the author's points of view on the phenomena and processes covered. If there are reviews from scientists representing this subject area, conclusions made by teachers, psychologists, methodologists, they are approved by the pedagogical council of the school. Author's curricula are most widely used in teaching courses of students' choice (compulsory and optional).

The overall structure of the curriculum contains mainly three elements:

· the first - explanatory note , which defines the main tasks of the subject, its educational opportunities, the leading scientific ideas underlying the construction of the subject;

· second - actual content of education : thematic plan, the content of topics, the tasks of their study, basic concepts, skills, possible types of classes;

third - some guidelines relating mainly to the assessment of knowledge, skills and abilities.

Educational literature

The design of the content of education at the level of educational material is carried out in the educational literature, which includes textbooks, educational and methodological manuals. They reflect the specific content of the curricula.

Among all types of educational literature, a special place is occupied by school textbook, which in its content and structure necessarily corresponds to the curriculum in the subject. Textbooks created on the basis of standard curricula are recommended by the Ministry of General and Vocational Education of the Russian Federation for all schools in the country.

One of the important methodological problems associated with the content of education is the problem of selecting the content of education.

Currently, such selection is made taking into account the purpose and stage (certification level) of training based on two principles.

First principle: the need and sufficiency of the content to achieve the goal of learning. In other words, the material intended for assimilation should provide language proficiency (be sufficient) within the framework of the goal.

Second principle: accessibility of the training content for its assimilation. Here we are talking about taking into account the student's ability to assimilate the material selected for classes. Overestimation of the amount of educational material that must be learned by students in the time interval allotted by the program, or hard-to-reach presentation of the material adversely affects its assimilation and, therefore, is a violation of the requirements of this principle.

a) means of communication (phonetic, lexical, grammatical, regional studies, linguistic and regional studies);

b) knowledge of how to use such means in the process of communication ;

in) skills and abilities that enable the use of the language ;

G) spheres, topics, situations of communication within which the content of learning can be implemented (substantive-content side of communication);

e) texts, forming the material basis of the content of education.

Summary. So, in a philological university, the content of language teaching will be fuller and wider in comparison with a non-philological one:

as the goal of education in a philological university, knowledge of the language system and practical knowledge of the language within the boundaries close to the level of language proficiency of its native speakers is considered;

in a non-philological university - language proficiency within the limits that ensure professional activity in the chosen specialty.

Its meaning is to create conditions for students in which they would participate in the activities of communication on foreign language, and this activity itself would be carried out within the framework of specific life situations that students can meet outside of school, because the basis of the communicative approach is not the reality of the situation itself, but the reality of activity in this situation.

The activity of communication in an intercultural situation is a solution to various communicative intercultural tasks, including:

the purpose of communication: to inform, convince, object, question, etc.;

communication partner;

the subject of communication (its topic);

time and place of communication.

Both the current and the new law on education do not directly define the work program for an academic subject, but at the same time it establishes its place and significance in the education system. Thus, this term is included in the concept of "educational program" as an integral part of the complex of basic characteristics of education, as well as the concept of "exemplary basic educational program" as a structural unit of educational and methodological documentation that defines "the recommended volume and content of education at a certain level and (or) a certain directions, planned results of the development of the educational program, approximate conditions for educational activities, including approximate calculations of the standard costs of providing public services for the implementation of the educational program” (Article 2, Chapter 1 of the Federal Law “On Education in the Russian Federation”).

The concept of a work program

According to the law on education, the development and approval of educational programs is within the competence of an educational organization, teaching staff which was granted "the right to participate in the development of educational programs, including curricula, calendar training schedules, work subjects, courses, disciplines (modules), methodological materials and other components of educational programs" . They are also obliged to "carry out their activities at a high professional level, ensure the full implementation of the taught subject, course, discipline (module) in accordance with the approved work program."

Thus, the work program for the subject (hereinafter referred to as the work program) is integral part educational program of a general education organization and represents, by definition, A.B. Vorontsov, a set of educational and methodological documentation, which is independently developed by the teacher of the educational institution on the basis of the working curriculum and exemplary programs of training courses, subjects, disciplines (modules) recommended by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, author's programs, taking into account the goals and objectives of the main educational program school and reflects the ways of implementing the content of the subject.

Because the law on education does not define the requirements for the work program. the teacher can choose an independent form of recording, a text version of the work program. For example, a work program can be drawn up by analogy with the requirements for a typical curriculum, and a teacher can make adjustments to all structural elements of the program, taking into account the characteristics of an educational institution and students in a particular class.

At the same time, as pedagogical practice shows, based on the recommendations of regional methodological services, work programs include the following content:

• an explanatory note that specifies the general goals of this stage of education, taking into account the specifics of the subject, course;
• general characteristics of the subject, course;
• description of the place of the subject, course in the curriculum;
• description of the value orientations of the content of the subject;
• personal, meta-subject (competency-based) and subject results of mastering a particular academic subject, course;
• the content of the subject, course;
• thematic planning with the definition of the main types of educational activities of students;
• description of the material and technical, educational, methodological and information support of the educational process.
• technologies of teaching and verification of the achievement of planned results;
• recommended literature (for teachers and students).

The work programs can be accompanied by various documents that the teacher needs for the full and effective implementation of the educational process.

Structure of the work program

In accordance with the indicated content, the work program can have the following structure:

• title page;
• explanatory note;
• expected results at the end of the course;
• description of the educational, methodological and logistical support of the educational process;
• the content of the subject by year of study;
• extracurricular activities of students in the subject;
• control materials (tests, tests, assignments, etc.).

Possible difficulties

Creating a working program is a rather laborious process. The main difficulties, especially for a young specialist, are usually associated with such problems:

• description of the requirements for the level of training of students through operationally expressed diagnostic goals - learning outcomes;
• the need to revise the content itself, based on the analysis of redundant and possible missing information material;
• development of control materials that allow obtaining objective information about the formation of special subject and general educational skills of students.

Work program administration

The procedure and terms for consideration of the work program are established by the local act of the educational organization. They can be, for example, like this:

• consideration of the draft work program at a meeting of the methodological association of the school (scientific and methodological council of the school);
• ShMO or scientific and methodological council, after examination, gives an opinion on the approval or revision of the work program;
• if necessary, it is allowed to obtain a review (expert opinion) of the relevant specialized departments of institutions of higher professional education, a regional institute for advanced training;
• in case of a positive decision, submission of the work program to the administration of the educational institution for approval;
• the work program is analyzed by the deputy director for educational work for the compliance of the program with the curriculum of the educational institution and the requirements of state educational standards, and the compliance of the textbook intended for use from the recommended list, the date of the examinations, their number in the class and compliance with the requirements of SanPiN are checked, the provisions of local acts of a general education institution;
• after agreement, the work program is approved by the director of the educational institution.

The decision of the methodological association of teachers is reflected in the minutes of the meeting and on the last page of the work program (bottom left) the approval stamp is placed: AGREED. Minutes of the meeting of the methodological association of teachers dated 00.00.0000 No. 00.

The stamp of approval by the Deputy Director is also placed on the last page of the work program (bottom left): AGREED. Deputy director for water resources management (signature) Transcription of the signature. The date.

The stamp of approval is placed on the title page (top right): I APPROVE Director (signature) Signature transcript. The date.

Approval of work programs is carried out before the start of the academic year. After approval, the work program becomes a normative document implemented in this educational institution.

Office work and control

One copy of the approved work programs is usually kept in the school records in accordance with the nomenclature of cases, the second is transferred to the teacher for the implementation of the educational process.

The administration of the general educational organization exercises control over the implementation and implementation of work programs in accordance with the HSC plan.

Each reporting period (quarter, half year), the calendar and thematic plan of the work program is correlated with the class journal and the teacher's report on the passage of the program material. In case of their discrepancy, the teacher substantiates and makes changes to the calendar-thematic plan, providing conditions for completing the program in full in fewer or more teaching hours.

Of course, the task of the administration is not limited to control. The main thing is to help the teacher in its preparation and implementation, especially a novice teacher who has neither practice nor experience in writing such papers.

Work program on the subject