How many heroes whose names have sunk into eternity, the Russian land gave birth! One of them is the Don Cossack Konstantin Iosifovich Nedorubov, a full Knight of St. George, who received a saber with a dedicatory inscription from Budyonny himself. This brave man was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union long before the end of the Great Patriotic War. His Golden Star flaunted on his chest near the royal crosses...
On the Rubezhny farm
Konstantin Nedorubov was born in the late spring of 1889 on the Rubezhny farm of the Berezovskaya village (today it is a village in the Volgograd region), which was then indicative. More than two and a half thousand people lived there and there were four hundred households. There were two factories here - brick and leather. There was a parochial school, several medical stations, a savings bank, a telegraph office and a justice of the peace.
Kostya studied at a local school, learning to read and write, count and the Law of God. But he gave preference to simple Cossack science - horseback riding and the ability to wield weapons, which was known as a tradition in Cossack villages. Later it turned out that these skills in the future he needed more than theology.
Full cavalier
In January 1911, Nedorubov was called to serve in the cavalry regiment of the First Don Cossack Division, which was stationed in the village of Tomashov, Lublin province. At the origins of the First World War, Konstantin had the rank of officer and led the formation of regimental scouts. Then he was awarded the first St. George Cross, breaking into the location of the Germans with a personal platoon and capturing them along with full ammunition.
The second "George" he received in 1915, alone went to reconnaissance near Przemysl. It was there that the constable went to the farm, where he found himself next to the sleeping Austrians. The desperate warrior, without waiting for help, threw a grenade into the yard and began to shoot, shouting the only word he knew German phrase"hande hoh". The sleepy enemy was sure that he was surrounded. So one Russian hero, thanks to his resourcefulness, captured an officer and 52 soldiers of the enemy army and brought them to his regiment.
Nedorubov was awarded the third cross in 1916 after the famous Brusilov breakthrough, having shown courage and bravery in battles.
And Konstantin Nedorubov received the gold "George" 1st degree when, together with his comrades, he broke into the headquarters of an enemy division, captured a German general and captured important documents. He completed World War I with the rank of cadet, becoming not only a full Knight of St. George, but also earning two more awards for courage.
Combat Commander
The civil war for many was not only a difficult test, but also completely changed the worldview. This did not pass and Nedorubov. Until the summer of 1918, he did not join either the Reds or the Whites. However, he soon joined the regiment of Ataman Krasnov. Literally a month later, Konstantin was captured. They did not shoot him - the Bolsheviks did not scatter such experienced military personnel, but tried to convince him. Then Nedorubov made a decision that determined his whole further fate. He "changed color" and became the squadron leader of the cavalry division.
The division of Mikhail Blinov, who now had a former White Guard under his command, heroically proved itself in the most hot spots of the front. For participation in the defense of Tsaritsyn, which went down in history, Budyonny personally awarded Nedorubov with a nominal sword. For showing heroism in battles with Wrangel, the Cossack was awarded red revolutionary riding breeches. He was also presented to the Order of the Red Banner, but he did not have to add it to other awards: the award order was canceled due to his past service in the tsarist army.
The Civil War left in the memory of the hero not only the death of his comrades, blood and deprivation, but also a bullet lodged in his lung, which he carried until the end of his life.
In the camps
Returning victorious from the second war, Nedorubov began, as they said then, to raise Agriculture. He was appointed collective farm foreman, but Konstantin did not have to lead for long. He was accused of abuse of office for allowing the collective farmers to take the grain left after sowing for food. They also undeservedly attributed the theft of inventory. He was sentenced to 10 years and sent to build the Moscow-Volga canal.
And here, in Dmitrovlage, the Cossack distinguished himself - he worked with enthusiasm and very conscientiously. The construction was commissioned ahead of schedule, and Nikolai Yezhov personally accepted the results. Nedorubov was amnestied and released after three years in prison.
Spellbound
Konstantin Iosifovich was already in his sixth decade when the Great Patriotic War. Not only was he not subject to conscription because of his years, his candidacy was rejected for a criminal record and service in the tsarist army. Then he turned to the secretary of the district committee, who, under his own responsibility, helped Nedorubov go to the front.
For the courage shown during the capture of the village of Kushchevskaya in October 1943, the brave Cossack was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
In this battle, the son of Nedorubov, Nikolai, received more than a dozen wounds and remained lying on the battlefield, covered with earth, next to the dead. Three days later, the villagers accidentally discovered him, hid him in the cellar and went out. But then the father did not know about it yet. He continued to drive the enemy from his native land.
Konstantin Iosifovich fought in Ukraine, Moldova, Romania and Hungary. He was repeatedly wounded and in 1944 was commissioned.
Having gone through so many wars, this amazing will man remained alive - it was not for nothing that his fellow soldiers called him "spellbound". Moreover, he did not forget how to enjoy life and forgive injustice. It is on such people that the world rests.
It is of great interest today. Real heroes.
The most famous Knight of St. George of the Great Patriotic War. Having a "full bow", he also became a Hero of the Soviet Union - Nedorubov Konstantin Iosifovich.
Captain of the Guard (1943). He was awarded 2 Orders of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner, the St. George Cross 1st (1917), 2nd (1916), 3rd (11/16/1915) and 4th (10/20/1915) degrees, medals, including 2 St. George medals "For Courage".
Nedorubov Konstantin Iosifovich - squadron commander of the 41st Guards Don Cossack Cavalry Regiment of the 11th Guards Don Cossack Cavalry Division of the 5th Guards Don Cossack Cavalry Corps of the North Caucasian Front, guard lieutenant. He was born on May 21 (June 2), 1889, on the Rubezhny farm of the Berezovskaya village of the Ust-Medveditsky District of the Don Cossack Region, now part of the Lovyagin farm of the Danilovsky District of the Volgograd Region. From a family of a hereditary Cossack. Russian. In 1900 he graduated from three classes of rural elementary school. He was engaged in farming. In 1911 he was called up for military service in the Russian Imperial Army, served in the 15th Cossack regiment of the 1st Don Cossack division of the 14th army corps (Warsaw military district), the regiment was stationed in the city of Tomashev, Petrokovsky province of the Kingdom of Poland . Since August 1914 - a participant in the First World War, fought throughout the war as part of his regiment on the Southwestern and Romanian fronts. Became head of the intelligence team. He distinguished himself many times in daring sorties behind enemy lines, in capturing prisoners, in defensive and offensive battles. In one of the night sorties, he captured and delivered 52 captured Austrian soldiers with an officer to their positions, in another, at the head of the group, he captured the enemy headquarters. He was awarded four St. George's crosses (full St. George's Cavalier) and two St. George's medals. The last military rank is a cadet. In 1917 he was seriously wounded, was treated in hospitals in Kyiv, Kharkov, at the Sebryakovo station near Tsaritsyn.
In early 1918 he returned to his native farm. But there was no chance to engage in tillage - the Civil War was already raging on the Don. At the beginning of the summer of 1918, he was mobilized into the White Don Army of General P.N. Krasnov, enrolled in the 18th Cossack regiment. He took part in the battles on the side of the white troops. In July 1918 he was taken prisoner and on August 1, 1918 he was enrolled in the Red Army. Appointed squadron commander of the 23rd Infantry Division, participant in the defense of Tsaritsyn. At the beginning of 1919, he was again captured, now to the Whites (according to some reports, he deserted), again enlisted in the White units. Since June 1919, again in the Red Army, squadron commander of the cavalry division named after M.F. Blinov in the 9th, 1st Cavalry and 2nd Cavalry armies. At one time in 1920 he temporarily served as commander of the 8th Taman Cavalry Regiment. Participant in hostilities on the Don, in the Kuban and in the Crimea. Was badly wounded. In 1921 he was demobilized. He returned to his native farm, worked as an individual peasant. Since July 1929 - Chairman of the Loginov collective farm in the Stalingrad region. From March 1930 - Deputy Chairman of the Berezovsky District Executive Committee. Since January 1931, he was an inspector in the Serebryakovsky inter-district branch of the Zagotzerno trust in the Stalingrad region. Since April 1932 - the foreman (according to some sources - the chairman) of the collective farm on the Bobrov farm in the Berezovsky district. In 1933 he was arrested and on July 7, 1933 sentenced to 10 years in labor camps under Article 109 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR (abuse of power or official position) - he allowed collective farmers to use several kilograms of grain left after sowing for food. For three years he worked on the construction of the Moscow-Volga Canal in Dmitrovlag. In 1936, he was released ahead of schedule for shock work. Returning to his homeland, he continued to work as a storekeeper, foreman, head of the horse-post station, supply manager of the machine and tractor station.
Cossacks volunteers.
By the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, he was not subject to conscription due to age (52 years). Nevertheless, in October 1941, he achieved enrollment as a volunteer in the cavalry division of the people's militia formed in the city of Uryupinsk from volunteer Cossacks. The Cossacks-militias chose him as the commander of the squadron of the Berezovsky district. A month later, K.I. Nedorubov with his squadron joined the Mikhailovsky combined regiment of the Don Cossack cavalry division, in January 1942 the division was renamed the 15th Don Cossack cavalry division, and the 3rd regiment, which included K.I. Nedorubov - in the 42nd Don Cossack Cavalry Regiment. In the spring of 1942, having completed its formation, the division was redeployed from near Stalingrad to the Salsk region and became part of the North Caucasian Front. Since July 1942, she participated in the hostilities, in August 1942 she was transformed into the 11th Guards Cavalry Division. Member of the CPSU (b) / CPSU since 1942. Squadron commander of the 41st Guards Don Cossack Cavalry Regiment of the 11th Guards Don Cossack Cavalry Division of the 5th Guards Don Cossack Cavalry Corps of the North Caucasian Front Guards Lieutenant Nedorubov K.I. showed unparalleled courage and heroism in defensive battles in the Kuban initial stage battles for the Caucasus. As a result of sudden raids on the enemy on July 28 and 29, 1942 in the area of the Pobeda and Biryuchy farms of the Azov region of the Rostov region, on August 2, 1942 near the village of Kushchevskaya in the Kushchev region of the Krasnodar Territory, on September 5, 1942 in the area of the village of Kurinskaya in the Apsheron region of the Krasnodar Territory and on October 16 1942 - near the village of Maratuki, his squadron destroyed up to 800 enemy soldiers and officers. On the personal combat account of the squadron commander there were over 100 destroyed enemy soldiers. So, in the battle on August 2, 1942 for the village of Kushchevskaya, when the Germans captured the positions of the regiment, together with his son, he rushed to the left flank of the squadron. Both fighters fired at close range from machine guns and using grenades, forced the approaching enemy to lie down, after which Nedorubov raised the squadron to attack. In hand-to-hand combat, the enemy was thrown back. He performed a similar feat in the battle on October 16, 1942 for the village of Maratuki - after repelling four enemy attacks, he raised a squadron in a counterattack and threw it back in hand-to-hand combat with great damage - up to 200 soldiers.
Cossacks in battle.
He was wounded twice in the battles on September 5 and October 16, and in the last battle he was seriously wounded. For the exemplary performance of the combat missions of the command on the front of the fight against the German invaders and the courage and heroism shown at the same time, by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of October 25, 1943, Guards Lieutenant Nedorubov Konstantin Iosifovich was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal . After a serious wound, he was treated in hospitals in Sochi and Tbilisi. Since December 1943, the captain Nedorubov K.I. — in reserve for injury. Lived in the village of Berezovskaya, Danilovsky district, Volgograd region. He worked as the head of the regional department of social security, the head of the regional department of road construction, the secretary of the party bureau of the forestry, was elected a deputy of the regional council of workers' deputies. Died December 13, 1978. He was buried in the village of Berezovskaya.
Cossacks before the attack
The monument to the Hero was erected in Volgograd opposite the Volgograd I railway station, in the courtyard of the Volgograd Memorial and Historical Museum, the former Tsaritsyn-Stalingrad Defense Museum.
, Volgograd Oblast, Russian SFSR, USSR
Russian empire Russian empire
USSR USSR
Awards of the Russian Empire:
Konstantin Iosifovich Nedorubov(May 21 - December 13) - Hero of the Soviet Union, full Knight of St. George, squadron commander, guard captain, Cossack.
Biography
Konstantin Iosifovich Nedorubov was born into the family of a Don Cossack on the Rubezhny farm (now part of the Lovyagin farm in the Danilovsky district of the Volgograd region). Graduated from elementary school.
In 1911 he entered military service as a Cossack in the 15th Don Cossack Regiment of the 14th Army Corps of General Brusilov, the city of Tomashev, the territory of the Kingdom of Poland, the Russian Empire. Member of the First World War, served on the Southwestern and Romanian fronts. During the war he became a full Knight of St. George.
- The first St. George Cross of the 4th degree was awarded for heroism during one of the most difficult battles near the city of Tomashev. In August 1914, pursuing the retreating Austrians, despite the hurricane of artillery shelling, a group of Don Cossacks, led by constable Nedorubov, broke into the location of the enemy battery and captured it, along with servants and ammunition.
- The second St. George Cross Konstantin Iosifovich received in February 1915 for a feat during the battles for the city of Przemysl. On December 16, 1914, he was awarded for the resourcefulness and heroism shown by him during reconnaissance, for having single-handedly captured 52 Austrians.
- Nedorubov received the third St. George Cross for distinction in battles in June 1916 during the famous Brusilov breakthrough, where he showed courage and courage.
- He received the fourth - the golden "George" of the 1st degree for captivity with a group of Cossacks of the headquarters of the German division, along with the general and operational documents.
- In addition to four crosses, Konstantin Nedorubov was also awarded two St. George medals for military courage. He graduated from the war with the rank of coroner.
Later, Konstantin Nedorubov, as part of the 5th Guards Don Cossack Cavalry Corps, liberated Ukraine. After being seriously wounded in December 1943, he was demobilized with the rank of captain.
After the war, he lived and worked in the village of Berezovskaya, Danilovsky District, Volgograd Region.
Awards
Soviet state awards:
- Medal "Gold Star" No. 1302 of the Hero of the Soviet Union (October 26, 1943)
- two orders of Lenin (October 26, 1943, ???)
- Order of the Red Banner (September 6, 1942)
- medals including:
- medal "For the victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945"
State awards of the Russian Empire:
Memory
see also
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Notes
Literature
- Bondarenko A.S., Borodin A.M. (team leader), Loginov I.M., Merinova L.N., Naumenko T.N., Novikov L.N., Smirnov P.N. The Cossack went to war // Volgograd Heroes / Literary processing by V. I. Efimov, V. I. Psurtseva, V. R. Slobozhanina, V. S. Smagorinsky; introduction by A. S. Chuyanov. - Volgograd: Nizhne-Volzhskoe book publishing house, 1967. - S. 248--251. - 471 p. - 25,000 copies.
Documentary film
- Film company "Rodina". Russia. 2011.
Links
Site "Heroes of the Country".
- .
An excerpt characterizing Nedorubov, Konstantin Iosifovich
Bilibin gathered the skin over his eyebrows and thought about it with a smile on his lips.“Vous ne me prenez pas en by surprise, vous savez,” he said. - Comme veritable ami j "ai pense et repense a votre affaire. Voyez vous. Si vous epousez le prince (it was a young man)," he bent his finger, "vous perdez pour toujours la chance d" epouser l "autre, et puis vous mecontentez la Cour. (Comme vous savez, il y a une espece de parente.) Mais si vous epousez le vieux comte, vous faites le bonheur de ses derniers jours, et puis comme veuve du grand… le prince ne fait plus de mesalliance en vous epousant, [You don't take me by surprise, you know. As a true friend, I've been thinking about your case for a long time. You see, if you marry a prince, then you forever lose the opportunity to be another's wife, and in addition, the court will be dissatisfied. (You know, after all, kinship is involved here.) And if you marry the old count, then you will make up the happiness of his last days, and then ... it will no longer be humiliating for the prince to marry the widow of a nobleman.] - and Bilibin loosened his skin.
– Voila un veritable ami! said Helen, beaming, once more touching Bilibip's sleeve with her hand. - Mais c "est que j" aime l "un et l" autre, je ne voudrais pas leur faire de chagrin. Je donnerais ma vie pour leur bonheur a tous deux, [Here is a true friend! But I love both and would not want to upset anyone. For the happiness of both, I would be ready to sacrifice my life.] - she said.
Bilibin shrugged his shoulders, expressing that even he could no longer help such grief.
"Une maitresse femme! Voila ce qui s "appelle poser carrement la question. Elle voudrait epouser tous les trois a la fois", ["Well done woman! That's what is called firmly posing the question. She would like to be the wife of all three at the same time. "] thought Bilibin.
“But tell me, how does your husband look at this matter?” he said, owing to the firmness of his reputation, not afraid to drop himself with such a naive question. Will he agree?
- Ah! Il m "aime tant!" - said Helen, who for some reason thought that Pierre also loved her. - Il fera tout pour moi. [Ah! he loves me so much! He is ready for anything for me.]
Bilibin picked up the skin to indicate the forthcoming mot.
– Meme le divorce, [Even for a divorce.] – he said.
Ellen laughed.
Among the people who allowed themselves to doubt the legality of the proposed marriage was Helen's mother, Princess Kuragina. She was constantly tormented by envy of her daughter, and now, when the object of envy was the closest to the heart of the princess, she could not come to terms with this thought. She consulted with a Russian priest about the extent to which divorce and marriage were possible with a living husband, and the priest told her that this was impossible, and, to her joy, pointed out to her the Gospel text, which (it seemed to the priest) directly rejected the possibility of marriage from a living husband.
Armed with these arguments, which seemed to her irrefutable, the princess early in the morning, in order to find her alone, went to her daughter.
After listening to her mother's objections, Helen smiled meekly and mockingly.
“But it’s directly said: who marries a divorced wife ...” said the old princess.
Ah, maman, ne dites pas de betises. Vous ne comprenez rien. Dans ma position j "ai des devoirs, [Ah, mama, don't talk nonsense. You don't understand anything. There are responsibilities in my position.] - Helen spoke, translating the conversation into French from Russian, in which she always seemed to have some kind of ambiguity in her business.
But my friend...
– Ah, maman, comment est ce que vous ne comprenez pas que le Saint Pere, qui a le droit de donner des dispenses…
At this time, the lady companion, who lived with Helen, came in to report to her that his highness was in the hall and wanted to see her.
- Non, dites lui que je ne veux pas le voir, que je suis furieuse contre lui, parce qu "il m" a manque parole. [No, tell him that I don't want to see him, that I'm furious against him because he didn't keep his word to me.]
- Comtesse a tout peche misericorde, [Countess, mercy to every sin.] - said, entering, a young blond man with a long face and nose.
The old princess rose respectfully and sat down. The young man who entered ignored her. The princess nodded her daughter's head and swam to the door.
“No, she is right,” thought the old princess, all of whose convictions were destroyed before the appearance of his highness. - She is right; but how is it that in our irretrievable youth we did not know this? And it was so simple, ”the old princess thought, getting into the carriage.
In early August, Helen's case was completely decided, and she wrote a letter to her husband (who she thought was very fond of her) in which she informed him of her intention to marry NN and that she had entered into the one true religion and that she asks him to complete all the formalities necessary for the divorce, which the bearer of this letter will convey to him.
“Sur ce je prie Dieu, mon ami, de vous avoir sous sa sainte et puissante garde. Votre amie Helene.
[“Then I pray to God that you, my friend, be under his holy strong cover. Your friend Elena"]
This letter was brought to Pierre's house while he was on the Borodino field.
The second time, already at the end of the battle of Borodino, having escaped from the Raevsky battery, Pierre with crowds of soldiers headed along the ravine to Knyazkov, reached the dressing station and, seeing blood and hearing screams and groans, hastily moved on, getting mixed up in the crowds of soldiers.
One thing that Pierre now wanted with all the strength of his soul was to get out of those terrible impressions in which he lived that day as soon as possible, return to the usual conditions of life and fall asleep peacefully in the room on his bed. Only under ordinary conditions of life did he feel that he would be able to understand himself and all that he had seen and experienced. But these ordinary conditions of life were nowhere to be found.
Although the balls and bullets did not whistle here along the road along which he walked, but from all sides it was the same as it was there, on the battlefield. There were the same suffering, tormented and sometimes strangely indifferent faces, the same blood, the same soldier's greatcoats, the same sounds of shooting, although distant, but still terrifying; in addition, there was stuffiness and dust.
After walking about three versts along the high Mozhaisk road, Pierre sat down on its edge.
Twilight descended on the earth, and the rumble of the guns subsided. Pierre, leaning on his arm, lay down and lay for such a long time, looking at the shadows moving past him in the darkness. Incessantly it seemed to him that with a terrible whistle a cannonball flew at him; he winced and got up. He did not remember how long he had been here. In the middle of the night, three soldiers, dragging branches, placed themselves beside him and began to make fire.
The soldiers, looking sideways at Pierre, kindled a fire, put a bowler hat on it, crumbled crackers into it and put lard. The pleasant smell of edible and greasy food merged with the smell of smoke. Pierre got up and sighed. The soldiers (there were three of them) ate, not paying attention to Pierre, and talked among themselves.
- Yes, which one will you be? one of the soldiers suddenly turned to Pierre, obviously meaning by this question what Pierre thought, namely: if you want to eat, we will give, just tell me, are you an honest person?
- I? me? .. - said Pierre, feeling the need to belittle his social position as much as possible in order to be closer and more understandable to the soldiers. - I'm a real militia officer, only my squad is not here; I came to the battle and lost mine.
- You see! one of the soldiers said.
The other soldier shook his head.
- Well, eat, if you want, kavardachka! - said the first and gave Pierre, licking it, a wooden spoon.
Pierre sat down by the fire and began to eat kavardachok, the food that was in the pot and which seemed to him the most delicious of all the foods he had ever eaten. While he greedily, bending over the cauldron, taking away large spoons, chewed one after another and his face was visible in the light of the fire, the soldiers silently looked at him.
- Where do you need it? You say! one of them asked again.
- I'm in Mozhaisk.
- You, became, sir?
- Yes.
- What's your name?
- Pyotr Kirillovich.
- Well, Pyotr Kirillovich, let's go, we'll take you. In complete darkness, the soldiers, together with Pierre, went to Mozhaisk.
The roosters were already crowing when they reached Mozhaisk and began to climb the steep city mountain. Pierre walked along with the soldiers, completely forgetting that his inn was below the mountain and that he had already passed it. He would not have remembered this (he was in such a state of loss) if his bereytor had not run into him on the half of the mountain, who went to look for him around the city and returned back to his inn. The landlord recognized Pierre by his hat, which shone white in the darkness.
“Your Excellency,” he said, “we are desperate. What are you walking? Where are you, please!
Cossack Konstantin Nedorubov was a full Cavalier of St. George, received a nominal saber from Budyonny, became a Hero of the Soviet Union even before the 1945 Victory Parade. He wore his Golden Star of the Hero along with the "royal" crosses.
Khutor Rubizhny
Konstantin Iosifovich Nedorubov was born on May 21, 1889. The place of his birth is the village of Rubezhny, the village of Berezovskaya, the Ust-Medveditsky district of the Don army region (today it is the Danilovsky district of the Volgograd region).
The village of Berezovskaya was indicative. 2524 people lived in it, it included 426 households. There was also a magistrate, and a parish school, and medical centers, and two factories: a tannery and a brick one. There was even a telegraph office and a savings bank.
Konstantin Nedorubov received elementary education in a parochial school, he learned to read and write, to count, listened to the lessons of the Law of God. Otherwise, he received a traditional Cossack education: from childhood he rode and knew how to handle weapons. This science was more useful to him in life than school lessons.
"Full bow"
Konstantin Nedorubov was called up for service in January 1911, he ended up in the 6th hundred of the 15th cavalry regiment of the 1st Don Cossack division. His regiment was quartered in Tomashov, Lublin province. By the beginning of the First World War, Nedorubov was a junior officer and commanded a half-platoon of regimental scouts.
The 25-year-old Cossack earned his first George a month after the start of the war - Nedorubov, together with his Don scouts, broke into the location of the German battery, got prisoners and six guns.
The second George "touched the chest" of the Cossack in February 1915. Making a solitary reconnaissance near Przemysl, the officer stumbled upon a small farm, where he found sleeping Austrians. Nedorubov decided not to delay, waiting for reinforcements, threw a grenade into the courtyard and began to imitate a desperate battle with his voice and shots. From German language he is nothing but "Hyundai hoh!" did not know, but the Austrians had enough of that. Sleepy, they began to leave the houses with their hands up. So Nedorubov brought them along the winter road to the location of the regiment. There were 52 soldiers and one lieutenant taken prisoner.
Cossack Nedorubov received the third George "for unparalleled courage and courage" during the Brusilov breakthrough.
Then Nedorubov was mistakenly handed another George of the 3rd degree, but after that, in the corresponding order for the 3rd Cavalry Corps, his surname and the entry opposite it “St. George Cross of the 3rd degree No. 40288” were crossed out, “No. th degree" and reference: "See. Order for Corps No. 73 1916.
Finally, Konstantin Nedorubov became a full Cavalier of St. George when, together with his Cossack scouts, he captured the headquarters of a German division, obtained important documents and captured a German infantry general, its commander.
In addition to the St. George Crosses, Konstantin Nedorubov during the First World War was also awarded two St. George medals for courage. He ended this war with the rank of coroner.
White-red commander
The Cossack Nedorubov did not have to live long without a war, but in the Civil War he did not join either the Whites or the Reds until the summer of 1918. On June 1, he nevertheless entered, along with other Cossacks of the village, into the 18th Cossack regiment of ataman Peter Krasnov.
However, the war "for the whites" did not last long for Nedorubov. Already on July 12, he was taken prisoner, but was not shot.
On the contrary, he went over to the side of the Bolsheviks and became a squadron commander in the cavalry division of Mikhail Blinov, where other Cossacks who had gone over to the side of the Reds fought side by side with him.
The Blinovskaya cavalry division showed itself in the most difficult sectors of the front. For the famous defense of Tsaritsyn, Budyonny personally handed Nedorubov a nominal checker. For the battles with Wrangel, the Cossack was awarded red revolutionary trousers, although he was presented to the Order of the Red Banner, but did not receive it because of his too heroic biography in the tsarist army. Received Nedorubov in Civil and wounded, machine-gun, in the Crimea. A Cossack carried a bullet stuck in his lung until the end of his life.
Prisoner of Dmitlag
After the Civil War, Konstantin Nedorubov held positions "on the ground", in April 1932 he became a collective farm foreman in the Bobrov farm.
He did not have a quiet life here either. In the fall of 1933, he was convicted under article 109 "for losing grain in the field." Nedorubov and his assistant Vasily Sutchev fell under the distribution. They were accused “to the heap” not only of stealing grain, but also of damaging agricultural equipment, they were given 10 years in the camps.
In Dmitrovlage, at the construction site of the Moscow-Volga Canal, Nedorubov and Sutchev worked as best they could, but they knew how well, they could not do otherwise. The construction was handed over ahead of schedule - July 15, 1937. Nikolai Yezhov personally accepted the work. The leaders received an amnesty.
After the camp, Konstantin Nedorubov worked as the head of the horse-post station, before the war itself - as the supply manager of the machine-testing station.
"I know how to fight them!"
When the Great Patriotic War began, Nedorubov was 52 years old, he was not subject to conscription due to age. But the Cossack hero could not stay at home.
When the consolidated Don Cossack cavalry division began to form in the Stalingrad region, the NKVD dismissed Nedorubov's candidacy - they remembered both merits in the tsarist army and a criminal record.
Then the Cossack went to the First Secretary of the Berezovsky District Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, Ivan Shlyapkin, and said: “I’m not asking for a cow, but I want to shed blood for my homeland! Young people die by the thousands because they are inexperienced! I won four St. George's Crosses in the war with the Germans, I know how to fight with them.
Ivan Shlyapkin insisted that Nedorubov be taken into the militia. under personal responsibility. At the time, this was a very bold move.
"Spellbound"
In mid-July, the Cossack regiment, in which Nedorubov's hundred fought, repelled German attempts to force the Kagalnik River in the Peshkovo region for four days. After that, the Cossacks drove the enemy out of the farms of Zadonsky and Aleksandrovka, destroying one and a half hundred Germans.
Nedorubov especially distinguished himself in the famous Kushchevskaya attack. His award list states: “Having been surrounded under the village of Kushchevskaya, fire from machine guns and hand grenades, together with his son, he destroyed up to 70 fascist soldiers and officers.”
For the battles in the area of the village of Kushchevskaya on October 26, 1943, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, Konstantin Iosifovich Nedorubov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
In this battle, the son of Konstantin Nedorubov, Nikolai, received 13 wounds during mortar shelling and lay covered with earth for three days. Quite by accident, the inhabitants of the village stumbled upon him, burying the Cossacks in mass graves. Cossack women Matryona Tushkanova and Serafima Sapelnyak carried Nikolai to the hut at night, washed and bandaged his wounds and left. The fact that his son remained alive, Konstantin Nedorubov found out much later, but now he fought with redoubled courage, for his son.
Hero
At the end of August 1942, a hundred of Nedorubov destroyed 20 vehicles of the rear column with military equipment and about 300 Nazis. On September 5, in a battle for a height of 374.2 near the village of Kurinsky, Apsheronsky District, Krasnodar Territory, the Cossack Nedorubov single-handedly approached a mortar battery, threw grenades at it and destroyed the entire mortar crew from the PPSh. He himself was wounded, but did not leave the location of the regiment.
On October 16, near the village of Martuki, a hundred of Nedorubov repelled four SS attacks in a day and almost all died on the battlefield. Lieutenant Nedorubov received 8 bullet wounds and ended up in a Sochi hospital, then in Tbilisi, where the commission ruled that the Cossack was unfit for further service for health reasons.
Then, returning to his native village, he learned about the awarding of the Star of the Hero and that his son Nikolai was alive.
Of course, he didn't stay at home. He returned to the front and in May 1943 took command of a squadron of the 41st Guards Regiment of the 11th Guards Cavalry Division of the 5th Guards Don Cossack Corps.
He fought in Ukraine and Moldova, in Romania and Hungary. In December 1944, in the Carpathians, already with the rank of captain of the guard, Konstantin Iosifovich Nedorubov was again wounded. This time he was commissioned for good.
On his 80th birthday, the authorities gave the old Cossack a house, he was the first in the village to have a TV, but the role of Konstantin Nedorubov, “treated with honors,” was burdensome, he continued to lead a simple lifestyle, chopped wood himself, led the household with his family, continued to exercise until the end of his life with a heavy poker, wielding it like a pike.
The Cossack died in December 1978, half a year before his 90th birthday. He left - besides Nikolai - a son, George, and a daughter, Maria.
Konstantin Iosifovich Nedorubov lived a long and heroic life. He is one of three people in Russian history, which are both owners of both the highest military awards of the Russian Empire and the USSR. Knights of St. George of all degrees and heroes of the Soviet Union became 2 military commanders - Marshal Budyonny and General Tyulenev, and an ordinary Cossack captain Nedorubov.
Konstantin Nedorubov was born in 1889 on the farm Rubezhny (Volgograd region). He is of Cossack origin - from a family of hereditary Don Cossacks. Youth years spent on the farm, leading the ordinary life of a young Cossack. He received primary education, only three classes. Later, many biographers of Nedorubov drew attention to the amazing similarity of his fate with the hero of the greatest novel by M. Sholokhov, Grigory Melekhov.
At the age of 22, Konstantin was called up to serve in the Don Cossack Regiment in the corps of General Brusilov. The regiment was stationed near Warsaw. Here Nedorubova First found World War. Courage on the verge of insolence was shown by the Cossack, taking an active part in the battles on the fronts of the South-West and the Romanian. As the head of the reconnaissance team, he made numerous sorties, capturing enemy soldiers, and once even the Austrian headquarters. The result of such heroic activity was the rewarding of the Cossack, who by the end of the war had a low rank of coroner, with all four degrees of the St. George Cross and two medals of St. George.
A severe wound in 1917 disabled Nedorubov. After a long treatment in Kharkov, Kyiv, Tsaritsyn, Konstantin Nedorubov faced the question of where to move on - a civil war flared up. The following year, he participates in battles in the army of General Krasnov on the side of the Whites. In the summer he is captured by the Reds and goes to serve in the Red Army. Six months later, history repeats itself - Nedorubov is captured by the Whites, pardoned because of his previous merits and again fights on the side of the Whites. In the summer of 1919, Konstantin Iosifovich was again in the ranks of the Red Army. He becomes the commander of a cavalry squadron, bravely fights in the Kuban, the Don and the Crimean peninsula.
After the end of the Civil War, Nedorubov returns to peaceful life in his native farm. At first, an ordinary individual owner, later he was appointed deputy chairman of the collective farm, controller and foreman in various collective farms. The spinning flywheel of repression affected Konstantin Nedorubov immediately. In 1933 for abuse official duties(allowed the peasants to keep the remnants of grain), he was sentenced to 10 years in the camps. Three years passed with shock work at the construction site of the Moscow-Volga canal. Early release.
Nedorubov during the Great Patriotic War
In 1941 K.I. Nedorubov is not subject to mobilization by age, but does not stand aside. In the autumn of 1941, he signed up as a volunteer to defend the Motherland. He takes his 16-year-old son with him. Nedorubov became the commander of a Cossack squadron of volunteers, and in the summer of 1942 his detachment took part in fierce battles on the North Caucasian front. Again, almost 30 years later, the squadron of Konstantin Iosifovich was distinguished by daring and successful sorties against the enemy. By personal example, he raises his fighters to attack, rushing into hand-to-hand combat. Personally destroys a hundred enemies.
For unparalleled courage and heroism in October 1943, Nedorubov Konstantin Iosifovich was given the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal. At the same time, a severe wound disabled the already elderly hero. After treatment in the Caucasus, he is sent to the reserve. Having already become a living legend, Nedorubov took part in the Victory Parade. Moreover, he proudly put on all his awards: both tsarist times and Soviet ones. About his St. George crosses, he then repeated to everyone who was interested: “I walked in the front row at the Victory Parade in this form. And at the reception, Comrade Stalin himself shook his hand, thanked him for participating in two wars. AT postwar period Nedorubov held various party positions, was elected a deputy of the district council.
In 1967 K.I. Nedorubov, among 3 veterans, lights the Eternal Flame with a torch at the memorial to the heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad on Mamaev Kurgan. Konstantin Iosifovich spent the rest of his life in the village of Berezovskaya, Volgograd Region, and his grave is now located here. He died shortly before his 90 years - in 1978.
Biographies and exploits of Heroes of the Soviet Union and holders of Soviet orders:
