What can a 5 month old baby eat. Nutrition for a 5 month old

At 5 months of age, the main attention of the mother should be given to the diet of the baby. He grew up, began to move more, reacts more emotionally to the environment and people. He needs a lot of energy, which he gets from food. Now the baby may no longer have enough nutrients obtained only from breast milk or infant formula. This means that it is time to introduce complementary foods.

Children usually eat familiar foods without problems, but accept them with distrust. the new kind products. Therefore, some mothers believe that they do not need to diversify the menu. But in reality, this is necessary to improve appetite and provide the child's body with useful substances. Mom must provide the baby with a complete healthy eating, and carefully study the reaction of the baby to new products. And the child will have to master food, unusual density for him, swallow it and digest it. Help in establishing normal digestion will be provided by a timely established, verified diet for a 5-month-old baby, which will allow him to enjoy food and use it for developmental benefit.

The specificity of physiology lies in the fact that at this age the baby is not yet able to swallow saliva, although gastric enzymes are ready to work from the age of 4 months, swallowing reflexes are gradually improving, so it is difficult to say unequivocally at what point the baby is ready to switch to a new diet .

Complementary foods are all foods that a baby of the first year receives in addition to breast milk or mixtures, and prepares him for an adult diet. There is an opinion that artificial mothers should be given complementary foods before children who are on breastfeeding. However, this was true in the distant past, when the quality of the mixtures did not meet modern requirements, and the child did not really get the maximum nutrients from food. Nowadays there are two different opinions competent pediatricians and authoritative organizations regarding the timing of the introduction of complementary foods to infants:

• some consider the optimal age to start complementary foods - from 4 months;
• others insist on a period not earlier than 6 months.

The second point of view last years prevails. Up to six months, a nursing mother is recommended to eat healthy, tasty and varied food herself, so that the baby receives all the vitamins and necessary trace elements from breast milk. And artificial parents are obliged to provide the highest quality adapted mixture.

The question of the advisability of early introduction of complementary foods

The opinions of European and Russian pediatricians about the essence of complementary foods are radically different:

• the first believe that this is an exceptionally thick food, which is given to children with a spoon;
• domestic doctors reasonably include liquids here, including fermented milk.

In accordance with this understanding, complementary foods are separate meals that gradually replace breastfeeding, in contrast to food additives prescribed for dietary purposes that supplement the diet of a 5 month old baby.

The traditional point of view, insisting on the introduction of early complementary foods from 4 months, is based on the fact that many studies have shown a decrease in the amount of nutrients in women's milk by 5 months. At the same time, the requirements for the content of nutrients in the diet of a growing child are increasing. Therefore, pediatric nutritionists recommend the introduction of various juices no later than 4 months of age, which are not complementary foods, but help the child's stomach prepare for more adult food.

Proponents of the opposite theory argue that one should not rush to introduce a new type of food so as not to cause serious health problems, especially with regard to the baby's tendency to allergies. In such cases, even with juice, it is worth waiting at least two months, especially with cereals and mashed potatoes.

Dangers of early introduction of new products

A healthy breastfeeding mother providing a sufficient amount of breast milk and a healthy, timely growing and developing baby are proof that no addition to the child's diet at 5 months is required. For children receiving artificial or mixed nutrition, as well as those with specific medical diagnoses, the timing of the start of complementary foods may change forward or backward by 1 month.

The main danger of the early introduction of complementary foods is the risk of an allergic reaction to any product and the threat of intolerance to it by the not yet fully developed digestive organs of the child. In addition, the process of breastfeeding may be disrupted. But one should not hesitate to get acquainted with other types of food, so as not to slow down the formation of new skills: swallowing thick food, biting, chewing. Later, obtaining such an experience can give impetus to disorders of the stomach.

It is difficult to give unambiguous recommendations on which theory to apply to a particular baby. Every child deserves an individual approach to their nutrition and health. You can firmly determine the main indicators when to introduce new foods into the diet of a child of 5 months:

• if the baby already knows how to sit;
• weight is more than 6 kg;
• confidently knows how to hold and turn his head;
• eats approximately 900 g of breast milk or formula daily.

Supplements are contraindicated with a tendency to allergies, disorders of the intestines and stomach, chronic diseases.

Optimal introduction of complementary foods

The most acceptable time to start giving a healthy baby complementary foods, regardless of whether he constantly eats milk or formula, is 5.5 months. This applies to children born at term and developing in time. There comes a moment when the baby, with his manifested curiosity, best perceives New Product. Previously, he was not ready to absorb it, later a lack of certain substances (vitamins, microelements) may appear. Sometimes children at a later age already reject new types of food: they develop a delay in the development of chewing skills and unusual food cravings. If you are late with the appointment of complementary foods, an allergy to certain products may appear.

Usually the issue of new supplements is decided by a pediatrician who knows the characteristics of each particular baby. Before the specified period, complementary foods are prescribed for babies prone to anemia, with insufficient weight gain, with digestive disorders.

Introduction to new food

Different points of view about the timing of the start of complementary foods do not prevent specialists from having a common opinion about the menu. Unanimously, they prefer cereals, vegetable purees and fermented milk products, which in structure are not far from the well-known milk. Kefir reduces the load on the liver, copes with digestive problems and harmful microorganisms. A few days later, a little cottage cheese is added to the nutrition of a 5-month-old baby, and after about 10 days one breastfeeding will be completely replaced by complementary foods. The remaining feedings, as before, consist of milk or a mixture.

The next replacement is made in a month: the last feeding is replaced by porridge, which is prepared on the mixture. Porridges can be prepared from different cereals or cereal flour. When introducing complementary foods, they first try only one product in a minimal amount, for example, a teaspoon, gradually increase the volume, bringing it to full feeding, if there is no negative reaction. Then you can enter the next one.

Homemade cereals are not too diverse, even if you combine them with mashed potatoes, cottage cheese, juice. They are often replaced with purchased ones with vitamin supplements, as well as iron and calcium, which prevent the development of anemia, beriberi, and rickets. For babies who are allergic to dairy products, it is recommended to use fruit and cereal purees on vegetable or cereal flour as complementary foods, which should not be given to children with sick intestines.

In the nutrition of a child at 5.5 months, if he has anemia, even canned meat, saturated with high-grade proteins of animal origin, is added. Such products are manufactured industrially from high-quality light meat of chickens, turkeys, and veal. When using canned food, you must remember the expiration dates and calorie content indicated on the label.

If your baby is prone to constipation or is gaining weight too quickly, it is preferable to start complementary foods with mashed vegetables. It is advisable to give fruits to the child later, because after sweet fruits, children are reluctant to eat vegetables, they may completely refuse. The first time you try a new food, you should use puree that contains one product.

It is better to introduce juices later, after the baby gets used to other dishes: they do not have many vitamins and minerals that the child needs and are found in cereals, vegetables, meat. Juices are usually given not between feedings, but after porridge or vegetables, as well as for an afternoon snack.

The diet of a child at 5 months changes: after the introduction of complementary foods, the baby switches to 5 feedings per day.

Feeding a 5 month old baby artificial feeding requires special care. These babies are more likely than others to be allergic to new foods. It is advisable for them to introduce complementary foods very carefully, in small portions, carefully observing how their body reacts.

All groups of babies new products are introduced in stages. At first, give half a teaspoon, adding a little every day, and bringing to full feeding in one and a half to two weeks. It is necessary to monitor the reaction of the baby's body. If any sign of a violation appears, its use should be discontinued immediately.

It is not allowed to give the child new products every day: each of them must be tested for at least 7 days in a row, only after that you can offer the next one. During this period, the mother will understand the response of her baby's body to the innovation.

There are additional principles for the appointment of complementary foods:

• it is administered only to an absolutely healthy baby;
• do not start a new product with changes in the infant's lifestyle;
• you can’t force the baby to eat what he didn’t like, it’s better to give this dish later;
• a new dish should not be viscous, so as not to cause a gag reflex in the child.

The introduction of vitamin-rich and nutrient-rich complementary foods will satisfy the baby's needs for substances that he began to lack in mother's milk, will allow him to actively continue to grow and develop, to enjoy food. The nutrition of a 5-month-old baby should be as useful as possible. Mom is obliged to carefully monitor him and follow the rules for introducing complementary foods so as not to put the baby at risk.

Breast milk has unique properties that have been closely studied by medicine. Scientists have proven that the composition of mother's milk changes over time, continuing to correspond to how many different components the child needs for full development. It is recommended to refuse such nutrition to an infant only in exceptional cases related to the health of the woman in labor.

The benefits of breastfeeding are undeniable:

1. breast milk is always fresh, sterile;
2. mother's milk has protective properties: the immunity of the baby increases, diseases are more easily tolerated;
3. it is difficult for them to overfeed, the child can eat as much as he wants;
4. when sucking, the baby develops the muscles of the mouth, the jaw apparatus;
5. in the process of feeding, the blood circulation of the brain is activated, which favorably affects the formation nervous system and the whole organism as a whole.

It's amazing how many things there are that talk about the benefits of breastfeeding babies for their subsequent development. At the same time, the child's need for various substances changes with age, so a healthy child at the age of five months should get used to new types of food. But at the beginning of this crucial stage, it is necessary to consult with the pediatrician who observed the baby.

The introduction of complementary foods

The World Health Organization promotes the value of mother's milk for the development of the child and strongly recommends keeping the baby completely on this product for up to six months.

The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation in "Methodological recommendations" No. 225 adheres to the same positions regarding breastfeeding, while allowing the introduction of complementary foods from 4-5 months. The final decision to introduce complementary foods should be made on a case-by-case basis.

Watching the baby with the pediatrician, you can determine the level of development of his physical data. It is advisable to start feeding if:

1. with the support of adults, the little one sits quietly;
2. holds the head and turns without tension;
3. the weight of the child has become about 2 times more than at the time of birth (about 6 kg);
4. the baby eats at least 900 ml of mother's milk or after 8-10 feedings still asks for food.

Goals of introducing complementary foods into the diet:

1. compensation of missing substances and trace elements;
2. acquaintance with dense food;
3. preparation for the transition to a new menu;
4. development of the chewing skill that has begun to form.

What to feed a baby at 5 months

Lists of products acceptable for the introduction of complementary foods in the diet of infants different ages, indicated in guidelines on the methods of feeding children of the first year of life, developed in the laboratory of the Research Institute of Nutrition of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences and approved by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.

What can be given to children with full breastfeeding

Foods that can be used for a child's menu at 5 months:

1. fruit juice and puree;
2. vegetable puree;
3. milk porridge;
4. cottage cheese;
5. whole milk for porridge, puree;
6. little vegetable;
7. butter.

What can be given to children with artificial feeding

List of foods used for the preparation of complementary foods for infants - "artificial" five months:

1. special milk mixtures;
2. fruit juice and puree;
3. vegetable puree;
4. milk porridge;
5. cottage cheese;
6. whole milk for mashed potatoes and cereals;
7. cookies with crackers;
8. vegetable oil;
9. butter.

The sequence of introduction of natural juices into complementary foods:

1. Apple juice;
2. peach, pear, apricot, plum;
3. cherry, blackcurrant, etc.
4. citrus, strawberry, tomato - by the 6th month and with great care due to potential allergenicity.

The sequence of introducing vegetables into complementary foods:

1. zucchini, potatoes;
2. carrots, pumpkin, cauliflower.

It is always necessary to monitor the condition of the baby if a new type of food is introduced.

Catering at 5 months

During this period, it is important to properly organize the nutrition of the child. Most attention should be paid to the correct introduction of complementary foods and the feeding regimen, to how much the baby eats food.

Rules for the introduction of complementary foods

In order for innovations in nutrition not to affect the well-being of the baby, you must follow the advice of your pediatrician. General recommendations:

• Complementary foods can be started if the last vaccination was given to the child no later than a week before.
• The peanut must be completely healthy and examined by a doctor.
• You can offer one-component puree from a quality vegetable.
• Complementary foods are given in the amount of 0.5-1 teaspoon of warm puree before the start of regular feeding.
• No need to worry that the baby does not want to eat the food offered: this is a new taste for him and he will get used to it as long as it takes.
• If the child coped with the proposed portion, then the next day double the volume. All week you need to feed, gradually increasing the amount of puree to 150 grams. That is, one feeding will be completely replaced by complementary foods.
• It is important to observe how the child reacts to new foods. If the stool is disturbed, there is an allergic reaction in the form of a rash, then you need to temporarily stop giving complementary foods. After everything returns to normal, you can continue trying, but with a different product.
• The second component in the puree can be introduced after 2-3 weeks. This can last for as many days as you like, sometimes not even within a month.

Be sure to consult with the pediatrician, which vegetables and in what order to give. Especially when the baby begins to be fed with other foods (cottage cheese, cookies, etc.).

Diet

Power mode is necessary for normal functioning digestive system child. After the start of complementary foods, at about 5.5 months, the baby's daily diet should be as recommended by doctors:

06.00 - breast milk (mixture);
10.00 - 50 g vegetable puree, 3 tbsp. l. fruit puree;
14.00 - breast milk (mixture), 2 tsp. cottage cheese, up to 6 tsp. natural juice;
18.00 - breast milk (mixture), 5-6 tsp. natural juice;
22.00 - breast milk (mixture).

Another option for a baby's diet at the age of 5.5 to 6 months:

06.00 - breast milk (mixture);
10.00 - 50 g of porridge in milk, 2-3 tsp. cottage cheese for baby food, up to 6 tsp. natural fruit juice;
14.00 - breast milk (mixture), 50 g fruit puree;
18.00 - 150 g vegetable puree, 6 tsp. natural fruit juice (you can replace 3 tablespoons of fruit puree);
22.00 - breast milk.

If the baby sleeps peacefully and does not cry because of hunger, then he gets enough food.

Finally

American scientists have found that people who were given a wide variety of fruits and vegetables in infancy tend to actively consume them later, when they grow up. Therefore, it is necessary to offer the baby as much plant food as needed from different color groups. So he will be provided with minerals, vitamins and nutrients, he will gradually form a culture of healthy eating.

The day regimen of a child at 5 months is almost identical to the one to which all the regime moments of his life were subordinated in the previous month. The duration of periods of sleep and wakefulness, the number of feedings remain the same, only the baby himself changes: day by day he becomes more mobile, stronger and more inquisitive.

Table with an approximate daily routine

• 6:00-8:00 Awakening the baby, morning feeding, followed by mandatory hygiene procedures, air baths, light massage, communication with mom;
• 8:00-10:00 The first dream, combined with a walk in the fresh air;
• 10:00-12:30 The second feeding, gymnastics, massage, active wakefulness.
• 12:30-14:30 Day dream.
• 14:30-17:00 The third meal, active leisure filled with educational games and physical exercises.
• 17:00-19:00 Sleep outdoors.
• 19:00-21:30 The fourth feeding, developing leisure, communication with family members, bathing the crumbs.
• 22:30 Last meal.
• 23:00-6:00 Sleep until morning.

Another variant:

After reviewing this routine, each mother can adjust it to the individual needs of her five-month-old baby.

The parents of the crumbs should prepare for the fact that at five months he may appear. This significant event can manifest itself in different ways: for some babies it does not cause much torment, while others react to it with fever, constant whims, stool disorder and sleep disturbance. For some time, this can cause unpredictable behavior of an unwell baby, fraught with non-compliance with the usual daily routine.

Fortunately, these periods are short-lived. After teething, mom should take care of returning the crumbs to the previous regimen.

Dream

A five-month-old baby's nighttime sleep is usually strong: a well-fed baby is able to sleep for about ten hours without requiring feeding and without disturbing sleeping parents. To achieve this result, the mother must properly organize her baby's daytime rest, breaking it into three two-hour periods:

1. The first sleep is necessary for the baby after a two-hour morning wakefulness. If the weather conditions are favorable, mother can go for a walk with him, since it is in the morning hours that sleep in the fresh air will be most favorable for him.
2. The second sleep of the crumbs falls on the afternoon. In the warm season and it can be combined with a walk.
3. The third time the child should be put to bed in the evening. At this moment, a dad who has returned from work can go for a walk with the baby.

It is this mode daytime sleep pediatricians consider optimal for the child. If the baby has fallen asleep, having exceeded the allotted two-hour limit, you should carefully wake him up so as not to break out of the usual daily routine.

We feed

At 5 months, a child should eat at least a liter of breast milk per day. During feeding, he no longer sleeps, but very actively sucks his breast. It is at this age that the baby should be gradually weaned from the habit of falling asleep exclusively at the mother's breast. Each period of daytime sleep should now begin not with feeding, but with motion sickness.

An exception should be made before laying down the crumbs for the night: at this moment, mother's breast will not only be a source of nutrition for him. Having quickly calmed down, the baby will sleep especially soundly.

Five-month-old breastfed babies still do not need complementary foods: they have enough of the nutrients found in mother's milk. There are cases when the baby does not get enough of mother's milk and therefore is often naughty and almost does not gain weight. This situation is the basis for its transfer to mixed feeding using dairy-free cereals. After a while, porridge can be made milky.

If complementary foods were introduced into the diet of an artificial child already at the age of four months, his nutrition schedule will look like this:

• 6:00 Feeding with kefir or milk formula (200 ml).
• 10:00 Complementary foods: dairy-free porridge (150 ml), cottage cheese (40 g), vegetable juice (100 ml). The porridge can be rice, buckwheat or corn.
• 14:00 Feeding vegetable soup or mashed potatoes, zucchini or cauliflower, seasoned with a dash vegetable oil(150 ml).
• 19:00 Feeding with milk formula (200 ml).
• 22:30 Feeding with kefir or a mixture (200 ml).

When introducing new foods into the diet of the crumbs, one should monitor his stool and the condition of the skin: if rashes appear and the nature of the bowel movements changes, they must be immediately discarded.

We walk

The frequency and duration of walks mainly depend on weather conditions. On cold days, you can walk with your baby for no more than forty minutes, on warm days - up to several hours.

Under ideal circumstances, all periods of daytime rest can be combined with walks, since the active supply of oxygen improves the quality of sleep: it becomes longer and deeper.

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During walks, it is necessary to acquaint the baby with objects and phenomena of the world around him, accompanying everything he sees with simple comments that are accessible to his understanding.

We are developing

At the age of five months, the child masters a whole range of skills. He can:

• Recognize loved ones and your own reflection in the mirror;
• Joyfully respond to the mother's voice;
• Reach for the object you like, grab and take it away;
• Press the keys and buttons of musical instruments;
• Play with rattle and squeaker;
• Examine the shape and texture of objects, feeling them with pens;
• Pull your arms / legs into your mouth and everything that falls under his arm;
• Follow the object with your eyes, turning your head in any direction;
• On one's own . Rolling over in the opposite direction is also not difficult for him;
• Lie on your stomach for a long time, looking at your surroundings;
• Leaning on the head and knees, raise the pelvis and torso;
• Make the first attempts to sit independently ();
• Firmly grasping the fingers of an adult, rise and take a vertical position.

You should not force the development of the baby, forcing him to perform actions that the child of a close friend has already mastered. Five-month-old children develop completely individually: today he knows little, and a week later he can master several skills at once, leaving the “rival” far behind. The key to the successful development of the baby are daily activities with mom.

Games and activities

For the successful development of crumbs at five months, you can purchase several bright toys equipped with a set of sound effects. The most useful for him will be:

• Soft toys with sewn-in squeakers, hard balls, foil inserts;
• Baby drums and multi-colored rattles;
• Bright nesting dolls;
• Puppets for finger theater;
• Voiced soft animals that perform songs and fairy tales;
• Children's musical instruments (piano, metallophone). A full-fledged replacement for such tools can be spoons, a saucepan with a lid, etc.

What should be the content of developmental classes?

A five-month-old baby is very smart and inquisitive. He already understands what it means, correctly responds to the words: “give”, “on”, “go to mom”. Different intonations are available to the understanding of the baby: with affectionate treatment, he will smile, and in response to a grouchy remark, he may cry.

• You should continue reading books, looking at pictures. The baby can be shown photos of family members and talk about them;
• When telling a child poems and nursery rhymes, it is very useful to stroke, knead and rub his tiny fingers: such a massage will improve blood circulation, activate speech centers and stimulate the functioning of internal organs. To perform a massage, a mother can use a walnut, a ball or a pencil, rolling them between children's palms or along the outer surface of the hands;
• Wanting to amuse the baby, you can pick it up in your arms and let it fly with an “airplane”. No less delight will cause the opportunity to jump on the knees of one of the household;
• Bypassing the apartment with a crumb in his arms, you must continue to acquaint him with the names of the objects in it;
• You can introduce the baby not only to the different textures of the material, but also to the difference in physical properties, allowing him to touch a piece of ice or a mug of warm tea;
• It is necessary to talk with the child as much as possible, trying to pronounce the words clearly and correctly, remembering that they are deposited in his memory, creating a passive vocabulary.

Gymnastics and physical development

The child's leisure should be active, so care must be taken in advance to provide him with a free and safe space to perform physical exercises ().

• It is very important to teach your baby to crawl. Having laid the child on the floor and substituting his palms under the small heels, it is necessary to give him the opportunity to push off and make the first attempts to move forward ();
• Incredibly useful for the baby are gymnastic exercises with a big ball, which improve stretching and strengthen the musculoskeletal system ();
• A baby who has not yet learned to roll over from his back to his tummy on his own should be constantly encouraged to do this by placing his hand under his side or laying out his favorite toy near him;
• One can only welcome the desire of many parents to teach their kids to swim. Regular exercise in the pool helps to expand the lungs and improve coordination of movements. Babies who can swim can walk faster. The duration of swimming loads should be no more than ten minutes. In order for the kid to study with pleasure, it is necessary to turn the process into an exciting game using bright voiced toys. After swimming, you need to give the baby a relaxing massage.

Causes of disruption of the daily routine and ways to overcome them

Most often, disruptions in sleep and nutrition of a five-month-old baby occur due to:

1. eruption of the first teeth.
2. too active introduction of new complementary foods into the diet.

It is possible to alleviate the condition of the crumbs, naughty during teething, with the help of those intended for massaging swollen and itchy gums.

If the cause of children's whims was a violation of the rules for the introduction of complementary foods, you should completely eliminate the problematic product from the baby's diet for a while. After a few days, you can try to introduce it again, but in very small portions, carefully looking at the reaction of the child's body.

Since the baby, who is not yet able to speak, reports unmet needs with exceptionally loud crying (), a caring mother should identify and eliminate its cause as soon as possible (crying may be due to lack of attention, hunger, severe overwork).

A well-organized daily routine for a 5-month-old baby is a guarantor of the child's excellent well-being, disciplines his behavior and stimulates the success of physical and intellectual development.

Video guide: baby 5 months

With each new month that has passed since the first birthday, the baby becomes more and more active.

It is difficult to force a little fidget to sit still: he runs, jumps, climbs onto a sofa or chairs, confidently climbs the stairs.

In order to replenish energy consumption, the nutrition of a child at 1 year and 5 months old should be varied, balanced and high-calorie.

Basic principles of formulating a diet at 1 year and 5 months

The kid, who is only one month old up to a year and a half, is already confidently wielding a spoon and knows how to drink from a cup.

Therefore, he may well cope on his own with any dish without the help of adults.

In addition, now the crumbs have 8 or even 12 teeth in their mouth, so not only mashed potatoes and slurry porridge, but also more solid food are “too tough” for him.

To properly organize the nutrition of a child at 1.5 years old, you should heed the advice of nutritionists and pediatricians:

In the interval from one year to 1.5 years, there is a gradual transition from five to four meals a day. Moreover, the child himself should decide how it is more convenient for him to eat.

If he is used to waking up early (at 6-7 o'clock), then as a first snack before breakfast, he can be offered milk, jelly or kefir with cookies or crackers. If the baby wakes up later, then interrupt the appetite before breakfast is not worth it.

This is also the case with evening feeding: if 2.5-3 hours pass from dinner to bedtime, then the baby has time to get hungry and he can be offered to eat something light.

The volume of food that a child should receive at 1 year and 5 months during the day is from 1 to 1.2 liters.

Therefore, with five meals a day for one feeding, he should eat no more than 200-240 ml, and with four meals a day - no more than 250-300 ml.

The nutritional value of food, which will be enough, not only to compensate for the expended energy, but also for growth and development, is 1350 kcal.

At the same time, lunch should account for 35%, for breakfast and dinner - about 20%, for an afternoon snack - 15%, and for a morning and evening snack - 10%.

If the baby does without a snack, then 10% is evenly distributed between the rest of the meals.

The main part of the diet should be foods familiar to the child - milk, cereals, vegetable and meat purees, fruits.

But, the little one needs to begin to be accustomed to new tastes, introducing products unfamiliar to him into the composition of the dishes.

The famous pediatrician Dr. Komarovsky advises introducing one new product once a week.

At the same time, parents need to carefully monitor the reaction of the child's body, in particular, the work of the intestines and the appearance of skin rashes.

If negative symptoms appear, the use of the product should be stopped immediately.

It must be borne in mind that a new dish, no matter how tasty it may seem to adults, may not please the baby.

In this case, you should not try to force-feed him, as this will further discourage the child from eating and may provoke crying.

You can only try again after a few days. At the same time, it is important to remember that, according to the observations of nutritionists, a child needs to eat a new dish or product at least 10-15 times in order to get used to it.

At 1 year and 5 months, the baby should eat not only homogeneous food, but be able to chew small pieces.

Therefore, you can add a chopped apple or pear to the porridge, and do not rub the soup through a strainer, but simply mash it with a fork.

Still, the child should not eat fried foods. Most better ways cooking - boiling (in water or steam), stewing with a small amount of vegetable oil, baking in a special heat-resistant dish or foil, microwave cooking.

In order not to miss the reaction of the child to a particular product, cooking recipes should be as simple as possible, without many ingredients.

It is necessary to cultivate aesthetic taste in a child from the very beginning. early age. Therefore, great attention should be paid to table setting.

Even ordinary porridge or mashed potatoes should be put on a beautiful plate, garnished with herbs, pieces of vegetables or fruits.

One has only to show imagination and funny bunnies will turn out from mashed potatoes, and meatballs with rice will turn into funny hedgehogs.

In addition, the table should always be covered with a beautiful napkin, and the baby should wear a neat clean bib.

It is very important that the baby always receives food at the same time. This will not only help him in the future to more easily adapt to the diet in kindergarten, but also helps to increase appetite and improve the digestibility of dishes.

What to do, if healthy child refuses to eat? According to Dr. Komarovsky, the most important thing is not to force or try to “squeeze” at least a couple of spoons under jokes, fairy tales and cartoons.

You just need to let the baby go, or even better - go for a walk with him (if it's not time for sleep) and let him run and jump to his heart's content.

Having worked up an appetite, the little one will make up for lost time in the next feeding.

What should be in the diet of a child at 1 year and 5 months

While there is still a limited range of foods that a child can cook with, there are many delicious and nutritious meals that can be created with creativity.

Vegetables

Vegetables are not only a source of many vitamins and minerals, but also a guarantee of the normal functioning of the digestive system.

Fiber, which is part of vegetables, “like a brush” cleans the baby’s intestines, getting rid of toxins and toxins accumulated there.

In a year and 5 months, the following vegetables can be in the child's diet:

• potato;
• zucchini, squash, zucchini;
• pumpkin;
• turnip;
• cabbage - white, cauliflower, broccoli, Brussels sprouts;
• beans, peas (in small quantities, if there are no problems with peristalsis);
• carrot;
• beet;
• onion - onion and green.

With caution, you can enter tomatoes, bell peppers (not bitter), green vegetables (spinach, sorrel, lettuce).

Use dill and parsley as a seasoning and decoration for dishes.

Meat and fish products

As before, meat for cooking should be taken only lean. Veal, rabbit meat, turkey or chicken are best suited.

It is necessary to ensure that there are no veins in the meat that the baby is not yet able to chew.

Meat should be on the child's menu every day. At 1 year and 5 months, its norm is 90-100 g. Meat can be served in such dishes:

• steam cutlets;
• steamed meatballs;
• meatballs with rice;
• meatballs;
• meat pate;
• stuffed zucchini;
• pasta "navy";
• potato zrazy with meat filling.

Twice a week for lunch or dinner, the baby should be given fish. Low-fat fillets are best sea ​​fish- hake, pollock or cod. From it you can cook:

• fish and rice cutlets;
• fish baked in foil with vegetables;
• fish soufflé;
• fish stewed with sour cream.

It is imperative to ensure that bones do not fall into the child's plate. To do this, minced fish should be ground through a fine sieve before cooking.

Milk and dairy products

The share of milk and dairy products in the baby's menu is still significant - 500-600 g per day.

This includes milk in its pure form, as well as used for the preparation of milk porridges, milk soups and other dishes.

The nutrition of a child at 1 year and 5 months should include fermented milk products:

• kefir;
• natural yoghurts;
• sour cream (only in processed form);
• cottage cheese (about 50 g).

Preference should be given to products made at home (for example, using a special electric yogurt maker).

The fat content of the milk that is used should not exceed 2.5%.

As a new product, the child can be offered processed cheese (without various additives) of the Yantar type, spreading it on bread or cookies.

Hard cheese can still be used in small quantities in grated form for sprinkling various dishes.

Fruit

A variety of fruits and berries must be present in the daily diet of the child. The recommended dose is 200-250 g.

At the same time, 40% is allocated to the share of raw fruits, and the remaining 60% - to a variety of purees, soufflés, mousses, casseroles, etc.

Preference should be given to fruits that grow in the area where the baby lives. For middle lane Russia will be:

• apples;
• pears;
• plums;
• apricots;
• cherries.

If the child is already familiar with some berries, then their list can be gradually continued, including not only garden, but also wild ones:

• Strawberry;
• raspberry;
• blackberry;
• cranberry;
• cowberry;
• blueberry;
• currant;
• gooseberry.

In the case when the little one is not yet familiar with raspberries or strawberries, they should be given little by little, observing the reaction.

In addition, a child aged 15 should drink at least 100 ml of fruit juice.

Cereal and pasta dishes

An important place in the child's menu is given to cereals, which contain a large amount of carbohydrates that the baby needs for growth and development.

In addition, cereals are a source of vegetable protein, vitamins and microelements, without which a child's body cannot do.

By the age of 1 year and 5 months, dishes from the following cereals should be present in the baby’s diet:

• buckwheat;
• oatmeal;
• corn;
• rice;
• barley;
• millet;
• barley.

Contrary to the prevailing opinion that semolina- the most useful, it should not be given to children due to the high content of starch, which is difficult to digest.

From cereals, you can cook not only cereals, but also make casseroles, soufflés, meatballs, and also introduce them into first courses, cabbage rolls, meatballs, etc.

The baby can be gradually accustomed to pasta. True, it is still difficult for him to chew large horns or shells, but the baby will not refuse small stars, letters and other "children's" pasta.

On the day the baby should eat about 100 g of bread.

Best of all, the children's body absorbs products made from white flour, since rye flour can provoke intestinal upset.

For tea, compote or kefir, the child is offered low-fat cookies, crackers or dryers.

Other products

At 1 year and 5 months, eggs should be on the baby's menu. The daily norm is half a chicken or a whole quail. They can be served hard-boiled or as an omelet, mixed with milk.

In this case, the omelet should be cooked not in a pan, but in the microwave. The dish will turn out no less magnificent, but will not have a fried crust.

Still, the child should not be given pure sugar. Sweeten porridge, casserole or other dish is best with fresh or dried fruit, homemade jam or marmalade.

Chocolate and chocolates are also banned. As a dessert, marmalade or marshmallow is suitable for a baby.

You can give honey little by little if the child is not allergic to bee products.

Sample menu for the week

The table below contains sample menu for a week for a child of 1 year and 5 months.

For second breakfast and afternoon tea, the baby can be offered kefir, yogurt, jelly or fruit juice, as well as cookies, bread with melted cheese or crackers.

There comes a time when adapted mixtures for artificial feeding are unable to fully provide babies with all the necessary substances for harmonious development. It's time to expand the child's diet and introduce new foods into it.
Five months is a new stage in the development of the baby, by this time there are changes in the internal organs, saliva is actively produced, the baby's stomach is still unlike the stomach of an adult, but it stretches well. The swallowing reflex develops and digestive enzymes mature. The baby may turn away from the food offered to him if he does not want to eat.
Starting complementary foods at this age is ideal for formula-fed babies. At this age, the mixture is no longer enough for them, as children show interest in the food that adults eat. This interest is the main signal that the child is ready for the introduction of new food into his menu.

Many mothers are faced with the question of what food to start with the first complementary foods. Pediatricians are advised to choose a one-component vegetable puree, or dairy-free porridge. As a rule, formula-fed babies are normal or overweight, so many choose vegetables to introduce their child to adult food.
Puree should be hypoallergenic, zucchini, broccoli or cauliflower are ideal for the first feeding. Vegetables contain valuable vitamins and microelements, dense inclusions in mashed potatoes will help prepare the throat for solid food. Vegetables normalize bowel function due to their high fiber content.

Rules for successful feeding

1. At the time of acquaintance with a new food, the child must be absolutely healthy.
2. Be sure to give food from a spoon. Formula-fed babies often learn to bottle feed, which interferes with the development of chewing skills, which can result in a lag in speech development.
3. Complementary foods should be of a vein (homogeneous) consistency.
4. Food products should be single-component, and dairy-free cereals (buckwheat, rice, corn).
5. Do not chase the amount of food eaten. Start trying new foods with half a teaspoon, gradually increasing the amount eaten.
6. It is necessary to give puree or porridge at the beginning of feeding, after feeding the baby with a mixture.
7. Eat every day at a certain time.
8. The first and last meal should be without new food - only a mixture.
9. Carefully monitor the health of the crumbs. It is important not to miss the first alarming symptoms, such as diarrhea, regurgitation, redness or skin rashes.
10. The most important conditions for successful complementary feeding are parental gentleness and tolerance. Be prepared for the fact that mashed potatoes and porridge will be spit out, smeared on a high chair, clothes, etc. Try to show your baby how to eat by your example, take a spoon for yourself and try the mashed potatoes from the baby’s plate.