Direction " Loyalty and betrayal"is included in the list of topics for the final essay for the 2017/18 academic year.
Below are examples and Additional materials for development themes of loyalty and betrayal in the final essay.
Composition on the topic: Loyalty and betrayal
Loyalty and betrayal are two opposite extremes of the moral and ethical image of the individual. Considered from a literary point of view, "fidelity" and "treason" in most works vividly and accurately characterize the actions of the characters. Whether it's "Anna Karenina" by L. Tolstoy, "Eugene Onegin" or "The Captain's Daughter" by Pushkin - everywhere the problem of fidelity and betrayal is acute and multifaceted.
If we turn to modern reality, then on the one hand, noble behavior takes its basics from the very beginning. early childhood in a family atmosphere, on the other hand, the human moral character is a full reflection of the thinking and nature of a person.
Of course, do not forget about loyalty to your family, relatives, loved ones and close people. Our inner circle accepts us for who we really are. This circle includes the closest people who will support us at any moment of our life, sincerely share the joys and troubles that have happened. Will definitely give advice and share their own personal experience. We must respect the people close to us and cherish them very much, as well as their presence in our lives.
Therefore, native people, like no one else, deserve a faithful and devoted attitude. We must always support them and never betray them. As various literary sources say, even our ancestors sang in folk art the significance, strength and indivisibility of the family circle. Every person who has a number of people who love, appreciate and respect him is considered rich. He seems to grow wings from the support he receives and he wants to conquer new heights.
Every person who has an adequate consciousness must necessarily possess the qualities that are inherent in fidelity. This concept decorates and greatly exalts the appearance of a person. It is also worth noting that all these feelings cannot be forcibly instilled. Boring notations and moralizing are not helpers in this matter. The concept of "fidelity" is born in the very depths of the soul at the birth of each person. And his fidelity can be judged by the actions he performs, the train of thought and, in general, by the chosen course of life, discarding all eloquent sayings. But, you should not consider loyalty as a kind of starting position in life position. In fact, loyalty is a generous tribute to sincere and genuine love.
Only love is capable of reviving in the human soul endless respect and complete readiness for self-sacrifice. Own thought contributes to the formation of individuality. Thanks to the fact that you have your own position, you can significantly stand out among the crowd and not succumb to public opinion. In this case, no one will be able to impose other people's thoughts on us. That is why it is very important to be true to yourself.
After betrayal, you no longer want to trust anyone, a devoted person begins to look for a catch in everything. It is worth focusing on the behavior of the traitor, how he behaves. Does it explain why this happened? Does he ask for forgiveness? Everything happens in this life and no one is immune from mistakes. It may even be that, due to life circumstances or under the influence of someone else's opinion, we do not deliberately substitute another person. The most important thing is to come to your senses in time, sincerely repent and ask for forgiveness. If you can really find an excuse for the perfect, then you can forgive a person, giving him one more chance to fix everything and return honest and trusting relationships.
No need to close, life goes on, so you need to move on. First of all, we are all human and should be patient with each other. Our life, so, is filled with all sorts of difficulties of a different nature, so you need to treat loving and beloved people with great respect and reverence.
In the context of this open direction, it would be appropriate to think of loyalty and betrayal as radically opposite manifestations of human nature. It is recommended to analyze the categories of betrayal and fidelity from the moral, ethical, philosophical, psychological points of view, as well as referring to everyday realities and works of literature.
The categories of "fidelity" and "treason" occupy a key role in the plots of many works from different eras and characterize the thoughts and deeds of heroes in situations of moral choice, both in personal relationships and in the social aspect.
Topics and questions that can be considered within the framework of the direction "Loyalty and betrayal"
What does loyalty mean?
What does betrayal lead to?
How do you think loyalty and love are related?
How do you think loyalty and friendship are related?
What is the danger of cheating?
Confirm or refute W. Churchill's statement: "The man who never changes his mind is stupid."
Can betrayal be forgiven?
What are the causes of betrayal and betrayal?
When does a choice arise between loyalty and betrayal?
How do you understand the word "loyalty"?
Is it important to be true to the word? What pushes a person to cheat?
Do you agree with the statement: "A traitor and a coward are a berry of the same field"
What qualities should a true friend have?
How do you understand Plutarch's saying: "Traitors betray themselves first of all"?
How does betrayal affect relationships?
“Is it possible to run away from yourself, leaving your homeland?” Horace What is the worst betrayal?
Do you agree with the statement: “Trust is a sign of courage, and loyalty is a sign of strength”?
Do you agree with the statement “Whoever has never sworn allegiance will never break it”? (August Platen)
Can a noble heart be unfaithful?
Is it possible to deal with a person who cannot be trusted?
Confirm or refute the words of F. Schiller: "True love helps to endure all hardships"?
How do you understand the words: “In order to preserve love, one must not change, but change”? (K. Melikhan)
Do you agree with the statement of N. Chernyshevsky: "For treason to the Motherland, an extreme baseness of the soul is needed"?
Is it possible to be a hero fighting against the motherland?
Is it possible to call a dog the most faithful friend?
Why is cheating on a friend much more painful than cheating on a loved one?
Do you agree with Lope de Vega's dictum, "Cheadying a friend is a crime without justification, without forgiveness"?
Can it be argued that the loyalty of a friend is “the most precious thing that can be given to a person at all”? (E. Telman)
How do you understand the saying of V. Hugo: "Half friend - half traitor"?
How do you understand the meaning of the saying: "An unfaithful friend is like a shadow that drags behind you while the sun is shining."
Do you need to be true to yourself? Is the statement of L. Sukhorukov true: “Who is faithful only to himself, is always unfaithful with others”?
Do you agree with the saying: “He who never changes his mind loves himself more than the truth”? (Joseph Joubert)
Why do you think traitors betray themselves first of all?
How do you understand the saying: “To be authentic means to be true to yourself”? (Osho)
Do you agree with the statement of A.P. Chekhov: “Loyalty is that quality that people have lost, but dogs have kept”?
Do you agree with folk wisdom: "A true friend is better than a hundred servants"?
Is the statement true: “Whoever has experienced affection for a faithful and intelligent dog, there is no need to explain to him what warm gratitude she pays for this”?
Can loyalty bring disappointment to a person?
More topics:
Patriotism is loyalty to the motherland.
Can you be true to others while still being true to yourself?
Loyalty as the basis of honesty and honor.
Treason - is it betrayal or loyalty to your interests?
Forgiveness of betrayal - is it a recognition of the correctness of the traitor, your own weakness or love?
This aspect of the problem will obviously resonate the most. Love as a feeling that reveals the true moral character of the characters is traditionally the topic of literature lessons in high school. Here are just a few quotes to help start thinking about the nature of loyalty and betrayal:
His love disgusted me.
I'm bored, my heart asks for will...
(Zemfira. A.S. Pushkin "Gypsies").
The heroines of Pushkin's poem Zemfira and Mariula have no moral obligations to men and children. They blindly follow their desires, obey passions. Pushkin deliberately created the image of Zemfira's mother, who left her daughter for new love. In a civilized society, this act would have caused general censure, but Zemfira does not condemn her mother. She does the same. Gypsies do not consider betrayal a sin, because no one is able to keep love. For an old man, the act of a daughter is common. But for Aleko, this is an attack on his rights, which cannot go unpunished. “You only want freedom for yourself,” Zemfira’s father accuses the killer. Considering himself free, Aleko does not want to see others free. For the first time Pushkin depicted exile romantic hero not only from a civilized society, but also from the world of freedom. Aleko betrays not traditions, but universal values.
Novel A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin" contains many problematic issues: marital fidelity, responsibility and fear of being responsible. The characters at the beginning of the novel are completely different people. Eugene is an urban heartthrob who does not know how to entertain himself in order to escape from boredom. Tatyana is a sincere, dreamy, pure soul. And this first feeling for her is by no means entertainment. She lives, breathes it, therefore it is not at all surprising how a modest girl suddenly takes such a bold step as a letter to her beloved. Eugene also has feelings for the girl, but he does not want to lose his freedom, which, however, does not bring him joy at all. After three years, the heroes meet again. They have changed a lot. Instead of a closed dreamy girl, now she is a sensible, secular lady who knows her worth. And Eugene, as it turned out, knows how to love, write letters without an answer and dream of a single look, a touch on the one that was once ready to give him her heart. Time has changed them. It did not kill love in Tatyana, but taught her to keep her feelings under lock and key. And as for Eugene, he, perhaps for the first time, understood what it is to love, what it is to be faithful. Tatyana Larina did not choose the path of betrayal. She is honest:
“I love you (why lie?)
But I am given to another;
I will be faithful to him forever.
Who does not remember these lines? You can argue for a long time: is the heroine right? But in any case, her fidelity to the duty of a wife, fidelity to her obligations causes both admiration and respect.
“We part forever, but you can be sure that I will never love another: my soul has exhausted all its treasures, its tears and hopes on you” (Vera. M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time") Bela and Princess Mary, Vera and Undine - so different, but equally hurt by Pechorin, who survived both love for him and his betrayal. Princess Mary, a proud and restrained aristocrat, was deeply carried away by the “army ensign” and decided not to reckon with the prejudices of her noble relatives. She was the first to confess to Pechorin her feelings. But the hero rejects Mary's love. Offended in her feelings, the sincere and noble Mary withdraws into herself and suffers. Can she trust anyone now? Bela is endowed not only with beauty. This is an ardent and tender girl, capable of a deep feeling. Proud and bashful Bela is not devoid of consciousness of her dignity. When Pechorin lost interest in her, Bela, in a fit of indignation, says to Maxim Maksimych: “If he doesn’t love me ... I’ll leave myself: I’m not a slave, I’m a prince’s daughter!” Relations with the undine were just an exotic adventure for Pechorin. She is a mermaid, a girl from a forgotten fairy tale. This is how she attracted Pechorin. For him, this is one of the coils of fate. For her - a life where everyone is fighting for their place. Love for Vera was Pechorin's deepest and most lasting affection. No more! Among his wanderings and adventures, he left Vera, but returned to her again. Pechorin caused her a lot of suffering. He gave her nothing but mental anguish. And yet she loved him, ready to sacrifice her own dignity, and the opinion of the world, and the honor of her husband in sacrifice to her beloved. Faith became the slave of her feelings, the martyr of love. Her husband finds out about her betrayal, she loses her reputation, good relations with her husband went wrong. Pechorin experiences the final separation from Vera as a catastrophe: he indulges in despair and tears.
Nowhere is the hopeless loneliness of the hero and the suffering that he engendered, which he hid from others, being constantly unfaithful in relations with women, so clearly revealed. “After all, this is not good, this is a sin, Varenka, why do I love another?” ( A.N. Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm") Loyalty and betrayal - it is always the choice of their behavior in a relationship with a loved one. And not one is responsible for this choice, but both - He and She. The heroine of Ostrovsky's play "Thunderstorm" cheated on her husband. With all her heart she fell in love with Boris, a weak, weak-willed man. Katerina's secret meetings with him are a desire for love, mutual understanding. She realizes the sinfulness of her behavior and suffers from it. Suicide is a mortal sin, Katerina knows it. But she goes for it for various reasons, including not being able to forgive herself for betrayal. Can the reader justify the heroine? He can understand, he can sympathize, but he can hardly justify. And not only because the commandment is broken - betrayal is difficult to forgive.
“I am tormented only by the evil that I did to him. Just tell him that I ask him to forgive, forgive, forgive me for everything ... ". (Natasha Rostova about Andrey. L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace").
The story of the quarrel between Natasha and Prince Andrei, the collapse of a seemingly ideal love story outrages, plunges one into bewilderment, makes one again and again look for the answer to the question: “How did the vile, narrow-minded Anatole Kuragin eclipsed the brilliant, refined, intelligent Bolkonsky in the eyes of young Rostova”? What pushed Natasha into the arms of the "vile, heartless breed"? The reader experiences the fall of Natasha, her tears and pain with all his heart and, without noticing it himself, makes his choice in favor of fidelity, sympathizing, nevertheless condemns the betrayal of the heroine.
“No, Nikolai Alekseevich, I didn’t forgive. Since our conversation touched upon our feelings, I will say frankly: I could never forgive you. Just as I had nothing more precious than you in the world at that time, so I didn’t have it later either. That's why I can't forgive you." (Hope. I.A. Bunin "Dark Alleys").
Bunin's works about love are tragic. For a writer, love is a flash, a sunstroke. His love cannot be extended. If the heroes are true to this love, it is only in their souls, in their memories. The heroine of the novel "Dark Alleys" managed to keep in her memory the fidelity of her first and only love for Nikolai in her life, somewhere in the depths of her soul there is a spark of this wonderful feeling, which she experienced so much in her youth for "Nikolenka", which, as the heroine says , she gave away "her beauty". And what about a hero? For him, a relationship with Nadezhda is a fleeting hobby of a handsome master maid. He did not even understand that he had betrayed his beloved, changed their love when he simply forgot about her. But it turned out that it was this love that was the main thing in his life. Nikolai has no happiness: his wife cheated on him and left him, and his son grew up "without a heart, without honor, without a conscience." The betrayal of love makes both unhappy, and loyalty to the beloved warms the heart of the heroine, although at the meeting she accuses him, not forgiving for betrayal.
Follow me, reader! Who told you that there is no true, true, eternal love in the world? May the liar be cut off his vile tongue!” ( M.A. Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita"). This is a novel about the love of two people who, before meeting each other, were each alone and unhappy in their own way. Margarita will look for her Master, and when she finds him, they will never part again, because it is love that is the power thanks to which you can survive all the hardships and hardships of life without losing such qualities as loyalty, hope, kindness and sympathy! The purity of Margarita's moral character, her fidelity, devotion, disinterestedness, courage in the performance of duty are the eternal features of Russian women who are able to stop a galloping horse and share with their beloved all the hardships and hardships that fall to their lot. She is faithful to her Master to the end.
But let's not forget that Margarita also commits a betrayal. Due to their sympathy for the heroine, writers never emphasize that, having fallen in love with the Master, Margarita cheated on her husband. But her love was a betrayal in relation to him. For the sake of the Master, the heroine betrays herself to some extent, because she agrees to sell her soul to the devil, to be at Woland's ball, hoping that he will help her return her beloved, which she probably would not have done under other conditions. Such is the nature of Margarita - she is ready for anything for the sake of love. The intrigues of the devil are tempting: Bulgakov's heroine is subconsciously tormented by her betrayal of her husband and acutely feels her guilt.
There are other perfidy in the novel by M. Bulgakov. Judas betrays Yeshua. Pilate betrays justice. The master betrays his life's work. There are traitors among the guests at the ball. And also Baron Meigel, Berlioz. It is terrible when a person consciously gives himself to the service of imaginary values, realizing their falsity. Here she is, betraying herself! The writer is convinced that the conformity of those who understand evil and are ready to condemn it is more terrible than open evil, but does not do this because of cowardice, that everyone who has ever been led by cowardice, one way or another, comes to betrayal.
The history of foreign literature gives us another example of a surprising property human soul- the ability to faithfully wait for that very minute, that very meeting ...
Love that cannot be forgotten
For those of us who truly loved.
(Dante Alighieri. "The Divine Comedy").
Dante and Beatrice. She was out of reach for Dante during her lifetime. But he remained faithful to her and after her death, openly, without hiding, lavished the most sublime praise of his beloved. His Beatrice rose in the poem, lost her earthly features, became a dream, an ideal of life, a light on the poet's mournful path: "If my life lasts a few more years, I hope to say something about her that has never been said about a single woman." Dante fulfilled his promise, he wrote a great poem in which he sang his muse. It is no coincidence that in Paradise Dante and his companion Virgil meet those who were faithful and virtuous: Saint Lucia, the biblical prophets. They are next to her, his divine Beatrice. Is this not an example of the amazing fidelity of a beloved?
Treason to the motherland, beloved, friends ... What could be worse? Therefore, in the ninth, most terrible circle of Hell, according to Dante, there were traitors to the motherland, traitors. There is the first murderer on earth - Cain, there is Lucifer, who rebelled against God, there is Judas, who betrayed Christ, there is Brutus and Cassius, who betrayed Julius Caesar. This is where the path of the traitor leads - to hell!
It is impossible not to recall the tragic outcome of another love story:
No, don't swear by the deceiving moon
In love to the grave of a young maiden!
Or you will be, like the moon, fickle...
(Juliet. W. Shakespeare "Romeo and Juliet").
The love of Romeo and Juliet, literally love to the grave, is touching and boundless. But were not two young hearts “traitors”? After all, they betrayed the traditions of the family, violated the unshakable (until then!) Truth: the Montagues and the Capulets are enemies forever. But who will raise his hand to condemn the lovers. Their loyalty to each other makes them tremble, and death puts an end to the age-old enmity of "two equally respected families."
We can talk about fidelity and betrayal by analyzing episodes from the works of such authors as:
M. Gorky "The Traitor's Mother", fairy tales "No. IX, No. XI" from "Tales of Italy";
L. N. Tolstoy "Anna Karenina";
A.I Kuprin "Olesya", "Pomegranate bracelet", "Shulamith";
V. Bykov "Sotnikov";
M.A. Sholokhov "Quiet Don".
All arguments for the final essay in the direction of "Loyalty and treason".
What does betrayal lead to? What are the dangers of cheating? What pushes a person to cheat?
Pechorin's betrayal towards Bela. Can spiritual betrayal be worse than physical?
The theme of spiritual betrayal is revealed in the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time". So, Gregory once meets an unusual girl Bela. She captivates him with her beauty and mystery, so Pechorin decides to steal her. Bela initially resists, but then she herself falls in love with the "thief". Her loyalty to her beloved knows no bounds. She is willing to give up her home, family and traditions to be with her loved one. Pechorin becomes bored over time. He comes to the conclusion that all women are the same, and is no longer happy with the love that Bela gives him. He does not cheat on her physically, but in his heart he refuses her, dreaming of travel. The girl understands this, but cannot leave Gregory, because she is true to her choice. Even before her death, she only cares that they cannot be together in heaven, because Bela belongs to a different faith. From the relationship between Bela and Pechorin, we can conclude that the worst betrayal is not associated with external manifestations, it is deep inside a person, but can do much more harm. Spiritual betrayal hurts just like physical betrayal, sometimes even more.
HERO OF OUR TIME ANALYSIS
Pechorin's betrayal of Vera/Vera's loyalty. Do you agree with the statement: "who never swore allegiance, he will never break it"
Vera sacrificed herself for the sake of Pechorin, abandoned family happiness, and risked losing her reputation. In the depths of her soul, she hoped for their eventual happiness. Pechorin's betrayal consisted in the fact that he accepted this sacrifice, but did not give anything in return. When his beloved woman was going through difficult moments, he was not there, he dragged after Mary, whom he did not even love. Pechorin betrayed the only person who truly loved him and accepted him for who he is. He used it "as a source of joys and anxieties, without which life is boring and monotonous." Vera understood this, but sacrificed herself, hoping that one day he would appreciate this sacrifice. For Vera, Gregory was everything, while for Pechorin she was just an episode, important, but not the only one. Disappointment awaited her, because a person capable of spiritual betrayal cannot bring happiness.
HERO OF OUR TIME ANALYSIS
Treason of the Faith (marriage without love). Why do people change? What are the causes of betrayal and betrayal? What pushes a person to cheat?
People cheat for a variety of reasons, but the most common betrayal happens when people marry for reasons other than love. Such an example can be seen in the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time". One of the main characters, Vera, marries an unloved person, therefore, having met true love, she cheats on her husband. Vera cares little about the feelings of her unloved husband; she does not consider herself obliged to be faithful to him. The novel does not tell what circumstances forced her to marry, but it led to the misfortune of both spouses. Living with an unloved person is unbearable, but even worse is the one who is being deceived.
HERO OF OUR TIME ANALYSIS
What does betrayal lead to? What is the danger of cheating? What pushes a person to cheat?
In the novel "" L.N. Tolstoy, the problem of betrayal is the key one. So, main character works cheating on her husband. This betrayal becomes fatal not only for herself, but for all the people around her. The betrayal ruined the lives of her loved ones, hurt her son. Anna never loved her husband, he was much older than her, their relationship was built only on respect. Her husband was a man of high position, he was respected. When Anna's connection with Vronsky became obvious, Karenin tried to hide Anna's betrayal, to create the appearance of well-being, but for Anna this would be a betrayal of herself. Despite the fact that the cause of the betrayal was the appearance of love in Anna's life, betrayal became her main tragedy. When she decided to ignore social norms, those around her rejected her, made her an outcast. Her husband deprived her of the opportunity to raise her son, who suffered greatly from the lack of maternal affection. Vronsky's career was also ruined, as was his relationship with his family. Alexei Karenin, offended by his wife, suffers from loneliness, and therefore falls under the influence of Princess Myagkova. She persuades him not to give Anna a divorce. All the sorrows and hardships do not allow Anna to feel happy with Vronsky, so she decides to throw herself under the train. Her departure from life made her relatives unhappy: her son was left without a mother, and Vronsky went to war. Thus, we see that betrayal brings only destruction, from the betrayal of one person, everyone around suffers.
In the novel "" L.N. Tolstoy, the problem of betrayal is the key one. “Everything is mixed up in the Oblonskys' house,” with these words we learn about the problems of one family. The reason for the discord was the betrayal of Stiva to his wife Dolly. Oblonsky stopped loving his wife, she no longer seemed beautiful to him. His conceit was so high that he even justified himself. Dolly was always devoted to her husband, bore him many children, the whole meaning of her life was in the family. After she learned about her husband's betrayal, the whole world turned upside down, the pain was so strong that it was on the verge between mental and physical. Her love for her husband was strong, and therefore she could not leave him. They reconciled, but Steve's betrayal forever destroyed the trust between the spouses, destroyed Dolly's idea of \u200b\u200blight love. The world in their family after the betrayal became a semblance, and the betrayal forever separated these two people.
Loyalty in love. Confirm or refute Schiller's statement: "Faithful love helps to endure all hardships."
The main characters of the story by O. Henry "Gifts of the Volkhov" - married couple, who found herself in a distressed financial situation, but remained faithful to each other. Della and Jim teach the reader that you don't have to have a lot to be happy, it's enough to love. It is their mutual love and loyalty that helps to cope with difficult life situations and fills life with boundless happiness.
"What does it mean to be faithful?" How do you understand the word "loyalty"? What is eternal fidelity? What is loyalty to a loved one?
Argument from E. Bronte's novel Wuthering Heights.
Years ago Mr. Earnshaw picked up a dying child and adopted him as his son, naming him Heathcliff. Mr. Earnshaw already had two children at that time. Their names were Katherine and Hindley. From the very beginning, Katherine and H. had a wonderful relationship, they were inseparable.
Katherine is a free-spirited, selfish and slightly spoiled young girl who, as an adult, fell in love with Heathcliff just as he loved her. However, she considered that he was not suitable for her husband, as he was not well educated and poor. Instead, Katherine married her friend Edgar Linton. This greatly hurt Heathcliff, and he left Wuthering Heights. Three years later, he returned with a love for Katherine and a fierce hatred for Linton. They hated each other to such an extent that the pregnant Katherine became physically and mentally ill. Before his death, between Catherine and Heathcliff there was a night conversation in which Catherine admitted that she had always loved only him.
Even after her death, Heathcliff continued to love his K., destroying the lives of those around him in retaliation for his grief. Before his death, Heathcliff lost his mind and walked through the mountains, calling on the ghost of Catherine.
This hero has always been perceived ambiguously. On the one hand, he is capable of true eternal love, on the other hand, revenge and cruelty take possession of his being. Either way, Wuthering Heights is a story about fidelity in love. Heathcliff loved Catherine always, even when he did not know about reciprocity, when she carried someone else's child under her heart. Neither time, nor Katherine's betrayal, nor even death could destroy his feelings.
What is loyalty? How is loyalty to one's attachments manifested?
In the story "" A. Morois shows fidelity in relation to his affections. A character named Andre is a student at the Polytechnic School who is secretly in love with the actress Jenny. She, in turn, does not take her admirers seriously, since the profession does not allow her to be distracted by every fan. However, Andre's beautiful gestures cannot leave Jenny indifferent. Every Wednesday, with enviable constancy, he brings her a bouquet of violets, without even trying to talk to her. He arouses her interest with his clock-like gestures of attention. One day, a student in love disappears from her life, he dies in the war. Soon, Father Andre appears, who tells that the young man loved Jenny all his short life, and that he died trying to “deserve” her love by a feat in the war. This fidelity touches the strict Jenny. She laments that she never met Andre, and he never found out that for her "modesty, constancy and nobility are better than any feat."
Then we see her already older, but unchanged in one thing: every Wednesday she wears violets to her devoted friend. Both heroes of the story are an example of loyalty. Andre was true to his feelings, not needing any guarantees from Jenny, she, in turn, remained true to this word and for many years invariably wore flowers to the person to whom she was grateful for love.
Loyalty in love.
How do you think loyalty and love are related?
Masha Mironova is a symbol of fidelity in love. In a difficult life situation, when she faces a choice: marry Shvabrin (without love) or wait for her loved one (Peter), she chooses love. Masha remains faithful to the very end of the work. Despite all the dangers, she defends the honor of her beloved before the Empress and seeks pardon.
The main symbol of fidelity in all the Harry Potter novels can be called Severus Snape. This character loved only one woman in his life from childhood to the end of his days. And that woman was Lily. Lily did not reciprocate his feelings. Moreover, she was married to James, who did not like Snape and even mocked him. But Snape's love and loyalty to Lily were so strong that even after the death of his beloved, he protected her son. In his life, he was never able to love again and remained faithful to Lily until death.
How do you think the concepts of loyalty and love are connected? Loyalty to a loved one. What can loyalty do?
she loved her chosen one so much that she sold her soul to the devil. She was ready to look for him around the world and beyond. She remained loyal to him even when there was no hope of finding the Master.
Husband cheating. Can cheating be justified? What pushes a person to cheat?
cheated on her unloved husband. But only this allowed her to remain true to herself. Marriage without love could doom her to death (spiritual and physical). But she was able to find the strength in herself to start life from scratch and become happy.
Treason. Why do people change?
Natasha Rostova could not remain faithful to Andrei. She spiritually cheated on him with Anatole Kuragin, even wanted to run away with him.
She was pushed to betray by 2 reasons: lack of worldly wisdom, inexperience, as well as uncertainty in Andrei and her future with him. Leaving Natasha, Andrei did not clarify personal matters with her, did not give her confidence in her position. Anatole Kuragin, taking advantage of Natasha's inexperience, seduced her. Rostova, due to her age, could not think about the consequences of her choice; only a case saved her from shame.
How is the lack of moral principles connected with betrayal?
Helen Kuragina in the novel is presented as a person with a lack of moral principles. Therefore, the concept of loyalty is alien to her. In life, she is guided only by profit, she makes all decisions for the sake of her own interests, the feelings of other people mean nothing to her. When she married Pierre, she did not realize that she could hurt him, and thought only of material gain. Helen did not love Pierre and did not want children from him. Therefore, the marriage was doomed to failure. Her numerous betrayals left no chance for their union. As a result, Pierre invited her to leave, as he could no longer endure shame.
Loyalty to oneself (Tatiana).
Is it important to be true to yourself? What does it mean to be true to yourself and your word?
But I have been given to another—namely given, and not given! Eternal fidelity - to whom and in what? This fidelity to such relationships, which are illuminated by love, others are immoral in her understanding ... Tatiana cannot despise public opinion, but she can sacrifice it modestly, without phrases, without self-praise, understanding all the greatness of her sacrifice, all the burden of the curse that she takes on herself, obeying another higher law - the law of her nature, and her nature is love and self-sacrifice ... "
Tatyana is faithful not so much to her husband or Onegin, but, above all, to her principles, her nature, her ideas about herself and her principles.
Do you always have to be true to your principles? Stupid is the man who never changes his mind. He who never changes his mind loves himself more than the truth. (J. Joubert)
Loyalty to oneself and one's principles is considered a positive quality, but a person who never changes his ideas about life and people is static, he limits himself. Main character novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "The Hero of Our Time" Pechorin is a strong personality with a strong-willed character, a man true to himself. This quality plays a cruel joke with him. Unable to change his ideas about life, he is looking for a catch in everything: he does not believe in friendship, considering it a weakness, and perceives love only as the satisfaction of his pride. Throughout the novel, we see how the hero tries to understand the meaning of life, to find his destiny, but finds only disappointment. The reason for disappointment is Pechorin's immunity to the feelings of other people, he cannot forgive them for their weaknesses and open his soul, he is afraid to seem ridiculous to others and even to himself. In the chapter “Princess Mary”, we see how hard Grigory is going through the departure of his beloved woman, he rushes after her, but his horse dies on the road, and he, exhausted, falls to the ground and cries. At this moment, we understand how deeply the hero is able to feel, but even in such a situation, he thinks he looks pathetic. By morning, he returns to his usual state and attributes the manifestation of humanity to frustrated nerves. Analyzing the behavior of the protagonist of the work, we can conclude that loyalty to one's principles is a positive quality only in a situation where these principles are dictated by philanthropy, and not selfishness. A person must be open to something new, be able to recognize the fallacy of his judgments. Only this will allow a person to become best version himself.
Loyalty to yourself, your principles, your ideals, word and promises. Is it important to be true to yourself? How do you understand the saying, “To be authentic means to be true to yourself”?
Pyotr Grinev remains true to the principles, honor, truths that his father revealed to him. Even the fear of death is not able to influence his decisions.
Despite the fact that Pugachev is presented in the novel as an invader, for the most part a negative character, nevertheless, he also has a positive quality - this is loyalty to his words. For the whole work, he never breaks these promises and until the last he believes in his ideals, although they are condemned by a large number of people.
Betrayal. What does the betrayal of one's ideals lead to?
Pontius Pilate betrayed his ideals, which is why he could not find peace after death. He understood that he was doing wrong, but out of fear he betrayed himself and the person in whose innocence he believed. That man was Yeshua.
Loyalty to your ideals. What does it mean to be true to your cause (work, profession)?
he believed in what he was doing so much that he could not betray his life's work. He could not leave him to be torn apart by envious critics. To save his work from misinterpretation and condemnation, he even destroyed it.
What does it mean to be faithful to a profession? What does it mean to be faithful? How are the concepts of loyalty and love related? Can betrayal be forgiven?
Dr. Dymov is a noble man who has chosen to serve people as his profession. Only indifference to others, their troubles and illnesses can serve as the reason for such a choice. Despite adversity family life, Dymov thinks about his patients more than about himself. His dedication to work often threatens him with dangers, so he dies saving the boy from diphtheria. He manifests himself as a hero by doing what he was not obliged to do. His courage, loyalty to his profession and duty do not allow him to do otherwise. To be a doctor with a capital letter, you must be brave and resolute, such as Osip Ivanovich Dymov.
Dr. Dymov is faithful not only to his profession, but also to his choice in love. He takes care of his wife, trying to make her happy, therefore he tries not to focus on her shortcomings, behaves like a real man forgiving her whims and "weaknesses". Upon learning of the betrayal, he plunges into work. His loyalty and love are so strong that he is even ready to forgive his wife if she shows at least a little understanding.
Loyalty to parents and their principles. What does it mean to be faithful to relatives (parents)?
Marya Bolkonskaya devoted her whole life to serving her loved ones, in particular her father. She endured reproaches addressed to her, steadfastly endured her father's rudeness. When the enemy army advanced, she did not leave her sick father, did not change herself. She put the interests of her loved ones higher than her own.
Mary was a deeply religious person. Neither the hardships of fate nor disappointment could extinguish the fire of faith in her.
What does it mean to be true to your principles?
The Rostov family showed that even in the most difficult times, dignity can be maintained. Even when the country was in chaos, the members of this family remained true to their moral principles. They helped the soldiers by hosting them at home. The hardships of life did not affect their characters.
Betrayal towards people who trusted you. Half friend, half traitor.
The theme of betrayal is reflected in Lermontov's novel A Hero of Our Time. So, the main character Pechorin is a person who cannot be relied upon. He betrays everyone who had the imprudence to trust him. Comrade Grushnitsky revealed his soul to him, told him that he was secretly in love with Mary, turned to Pechorin for advice, considering him his friend. Pechorin did not dissuade him, but vilely took advantage of Grushnitsky's openness. Pechorin was annoyed by the young cadet. He did not wish him happiness, on the contrary, he dreamed of seeing him in a wounded state, ridiculed him, belittled him in the eyes of Mary, and, in the end, out of boredom, decided to seduce his beloved “friend”. Pechorin needed Mary to annoy Grushnitsky. Such behavior can be called vile, it deserves only condemnation. It doesn’t matter whether Pechorin Grushnitsky considered his friend or not, he had no right to do this with a person who trusted him.
Friend's loyalty. Can it be argued that the loyalty of a friend is the most precious thing that can be given to a person at all? Do you agree with folk wisdom: "A true friend is better than a hundred servants." How do you think loyalty and friendship are related? What qualities should a true friend have?
Friends can help a person overcome any obstacles and defeat any evil. The friendship of three guys: Harry, Hermione and Ron has become an example for a whole generation of children who grew up on the books of J. Rowling.
Serious trials fall on their heads, but only loyalty to each other helps them cope with all problems.
Life tests Ron and Harry's friendship. Ron throughout the story struggles with envy, ambition, but in the end friendship wins. If your friend is famous, it is very difficult to be in the shadow of his fame, but Ron proves his loyalty to his friend, risking his life, fighting evil with him, shoulder to shoulder, realizing that this will not bring him anything. Neither torture, nor persuasion, nor attempts by enemies to turn the three brave guys against each other were crowned with success just because they know the price of loyalty both in peacetime and in times of evil dominance.
Cheating on a friend. Do you agree with the statement: "A traitor and a coward are one field of berries"? How do you understand the meaning of the saying: "An unfaithful friend is like a shadow that drags behind you while the sun is shining." Do you agree with the saying of Lope de Vega: “Treason to a friend is a crime without justification, without forgiveness?
Peter Pettigrew was a friend of the Harry Potter family and was appointed keeper of their secret. No one would have been able to find out about their whereabouts if he had not told. But he went over to the side of the enemy Volan de Mort. It was on his outside that James and Lily Potter died. They trusted him, but he betrayed them. Perhaps this hero is one of the most striking examples of betrayal committed in relation to a friend.
Loyalty and betrayal of duty, Motherland. When does a choice arise between loyalty and betrayal? “Is it possible to run away from yourself, leaving your homeland?” Do you agree with Chernyshevsky's statement: "For treason to the motherland, an extreme baseness of the soul is needed"?
Pyotr Grinev remains faithful to his duty and his state, despite the mortal danger. Even his sympathy for Pugachev does not change the state of affairs. Shvabrin, saving his life, betrays his country, tarnishes the honor of an officer, betrays the people who defended the fortress with him side by side.
The following situation in the novel is also indicative: when Pugachev captures the fortress, people have a choice: to remain true to duty and honor, or to surrender to Pugachev. Most of the inhabitants greet Pugachev with bread and salt, while brave people such as the commandant of the fortress (Masha's father) Ivan Kuzmich and Vasilisa Yegorovna refuse to swear allegiance to the "imposter", thereby dooming themselves to death.
Loyalty to the Motherland. What does it mean to be loyal to the Fatherland?
Kutuzov is presented in the novel War and Peace as a man loyal to his Fatherland. He deliberately makes unpopular decisions in order to save his country from destruction.
Most of the characters in the novel sacrifice their lives to win the war.
How strong can a dog's loyalty be? Is it possible to call a dog the most faithful friend? “Whoever has experienced affection for a faithful and intelligent dog, there is no need to explain what warm gratitude she pays for this”
A dog is man's best friend. This truth is as old as the world. Troepolsky tells us a touching story of lifelong friendship between the writer Ivan Ivanovich and Bim, an unusually colored puppy. When Ivan Ivanovich fell ill and was sent to the hospital, Bim was waiting for him, looking through the streets of the city and refused to eat. He faced the cruel world of people, he was beaten, offended, but he continued to look for his friend. There were people ready to accept him, but the dog believed that someday the owner would definitely be found. He died without ever knowing that Ivan Ivanovich had come for him. This heartbreaking story is a compelling proof of a dog's loyalty to its human.
Can a dog betray its owner? “Loyalty is a quality that people have lost, but dogs have kept” A.P. Chekhov.
Once a dog named Kashtanka got lost. Fate brought her to an interesting company of circus animals and their leader Ivan Ivanovich. There she quickly became
"her own" and it seemed that she forgot about her master and found a new one. Ivan Ivanovich treated her affectionately, took care of her, even taught her tricks and began to take her to performances. But in the heart of a dog there is only room for one owner. Therefore, having heard the voice of her old master Luka in the auditorium, Kashtanka ran away to him.
Loyalty of animals to their owners.
Mutual devotion of man and animal / How is the loyalty of animals to their owners manifested?
It's no secret that animals are distinguished by devotion to their owners. Proof of this can be found in the novel "A Hero of Our Time" by M.Yu. Lermontov. In the chapter "Bela" there is story line associated with Kazbich and his horse Karagez. Karagyoz for Kazbich is not just a horse, it is a true friend who was with him in the most difficult moments of his life. When Kazbich was attacked, Karagyoz showed himself very bravely: he distracted the enemies, and then returned for his master. The horse more than once rescued him on campaigns. Kazbich treated Karagez as a close friend, he was the most important being for him. This is how Kazbich describes his attitude towards his comrade-in-arms:
"There are many beauties in our villages,
The stars shine in the darkness of their eyes.
It is sweet to love them, an enviable share;
But valiant will is more fun.
Gold will buy four wives,
The dashing horse has no price:
He will not lag behind the whirlwind in the steppe,
He won't change, he won't cheat."
For Kazbich, the loss of a friend was a huge tragedy. When Azamat stole Karagez, the dashing Circassian was inconsolable: "... fell to the ground and sobbed like a child." So he lay "until late at night and all night ..". Kazbich's relationship to his horse is a vivid example of mutual devotion between man and animal.
Topics of the final essay 2017 - 2018
"Loyalty and betrayal". The direction aims at reasoning about the value of sincerity in relationships, about ways to achieve honesty, trust between people, animals, as well as between a person and his Fatherland. It can be two people taken separately, whether they are friends or lovers, but betrayal happens not only in relation to one person, but also to a group of people, and even to the Motherland.
This direction involves an analysis of the origins, consequences of betrayal, the importance of fidelity, trust. Do not forget that loyalty is also in relation to oneself, one's principles. We also need to remember our smaller brothers, who can be faithful to us even after our death. An example of this in real life is the story of the famous dog named Hachiko?
In many literary works you can notice different manifestations of human feelings, whether it is the warmth of relationships or hostility of people to each other. Betrayal is one of those terrible things that spoil the relationship between people. Betrayal is the hardest thing to forgive, sometimes it touches a person so much that he even decides to take revenge. Even years later, sometimes, after betrayal, it is not possible to restore the former trust in a person. Literature is also full of such literary characters who are an example of kindness, unquestioning sincerity and fidelity. For them, betrayal is worse than death.
Friends! This is an approximate list of topics for the final essay of 2017. Read it carefully and try to find an argument and a thesis for each topic. Here the direction "Loyalty and betrayal" is revealed from all possible sides. You will probably come across other quotes in your essay, but they will still carry the same meaning. And if you work with this list, you will not have any difficulty in writing the final essay.
- Trust is a sign of courage, and loyalty is a sign of strength. (Maria Ebner Eschenbach)
- Cheating can be forgiven, but resentment cannot. (A. Akhmatova)
- How can you deal with someone you can't trust?
- If the wagon has no axle, how can you ride it? (Confucius)
- In the demand for fidelity - the greed of the owner. We would willingly give up a lot if it were not for the fear that someone else would pick it up (O. Wilde)
- Faithful love helps to endure all hardships. (F. Schiller)
- If your wife cheated on you, then rejoice that she cheated on you, and not on the fatherland. (A.P. Chekhov)
- Who never swore allegiance, he will never break it. (August Platen)
- Happiness needs fidelity, misfortune can do without it. (Seneca)
- Only once do we lose life and trust. (Publius Sir)
- Constancy is the basis of virtue. (O. Balzac)
To be faithful is a virtue, to know loyalty is an honor. (Maria Ebner-Eschenbach) - Without constancy there can be no love, no friendship, no virtue. (D. Addison)
- A noble heart cannot be unfaithful. (O. Balzac)
- People often cheat for the sake of ambition, but then they will never cheat on ambition for the sake of love. (F. de La Rochefoucauld)
- Permanence is the everlasting dream of love. (Vauvenargue)
- They love those who are going to betray, but they hate those who have already betrayed. (Dm. Arkady)
- To save love, one must not change, but change.? (K. Melikhan)
- Be loyal to the one who is loyal to you. (Plat)
- And in friendship, and in love, sooner or later, the time comes for settling accounts. (D.B. Shaw)
- A betrayal of a friend is much more painful than a betrayal of a loved one, because you expect it less from him. (Etienne Rey)
- Cheating on a friend is a crime Without justification, without forgiveness. (Lope de Vega)
- Loyalty is the commandment of friendship, the most precious thing that can be given to a person at all. (E. Telman)
- Half friend, half traitor. (V. Hugo)
Composition on the topic: "Loyalty and treason"
There are a huge number of different works in the world: stories, poems, ballads, tragedies, plays. Despite the progress, the change of eras, mores and customs, the problems associated with fidelity and betrayal still excite humanity and are reflected in literature.
Writers and poets are looking for answers to a variety of questions: “When and why can you forgive betrayal? Is it possible to refuse loyalty? Is it necessary to be faithful and why? One of the most famous works of Russian classics - "War and Peace" by Leo Tolstoy affects almost all aspects of human life.
The image of Natasha Rostova fell in love with many readers: a kind, cheerful, sincere and well-read girl cannot but arouse sympathy. However, Natasha is not without sin: when Prince Bolkonsky decides, at the insistence of his father, to postpone the wedding for a year and take up military service, Natasha is fond of an affair with the famous reveler Anatole Kuragin.
Rostova's betrayal can be justified: quite young and naive, she easily succumbs to the charm of the seductive Anatole, for whom this novel is nothing more than an empty game. But, despite this, Prince Bolkonsky cannot forgive Natasha's betrayal - for him this is a serious insult. Natasha's betrayal is an unforgivable mistake that ruined her relationship with Andrei Bolkonsky.
In the great epic novel, in addition to the bright and pure image of Natasha, there is an equally remarkable female character - Helen Kuragina. She is a worthy daughter of her selfish father, Prince Vasily Kuragin, who openly declared that his children were his burden and hard lot. Helen is a beautiful young girl, a real socialite who knows how to present herself in high society, so much so that no one knows about her stupidity and greedy nature.
She only cares about profit, she marries Pierre, guided only by his financial situation. Former Kuragina, and now Countess Bezukhova, the girl calmly continues to start relationships with other men. Beautiful on the outside and empty on the inside, Helen later converts to Catholicism and divorces Pierre. Her many betrayals and affairs are explained only by her low and vulgar nature; Helen is unable to give pure and true love (unlike Natasha Rostova).
Other, not me known to the world the work - “Eugene Onegin" by A.S. Pushkin - gave the world the image of an ideal Russian woman - Tatyana Larina. A young girl, brought up on book novels, far from the noise of secular balls and gossip of court ladies, falls in love with Onegin, tempted by life. Tatyana writes a letter to Evgeny, in which she confesses her feelings and receives a refusal from him. His confession upsets Tatyana, but she does not forget her feelings.
After several years they meet again, but Tatyana is no longer a free girl: two years ago she married a general, now she is a famous noble princess. Seeing another "new" Tatiana, Onegin realizes that he has fallen in love. He writes passionate letters to her, but she does not answer; in desperation, the man decides to meet: Tatyana is alone in the room and crying, she still loves Eugene, but she would rather remain faithful to her husband.
Tatyana's fidelity, her strength of mind struck readers and critics; despite her unrelenting love for Onegin, the girl remains faithful to her unloved husband, which cannot but delight. People are fickle, every moment, day, year they change - perhaps these changes will lead to serious betrayal, or vice versa, strengthen their faith and devotion. Therefore, the problem of fidelity and betrayal will appear in the works of future writers for an infinitely long time.
Arguments to the topic: "Loyalty and treason"
The issue of fidelity and betrayal is touched upon by many great writers in their works, but each does it in his own way: Disastrous fidelity is described by A.I. Kuprin in the work "Garnet Bracelet". Petty official Zheltkov, unrequitedly in love with Princess Vera, has no chance for reciprocal feelings. For seven long years, the man remains true to his only love, occasionally sending letters to his beloved woman. Princess Vera remains faithful to her husband, despite the fact that the passion in their relationship has long given way to mutual tenderness and respect for each other. A woman knows about her secret admirer, but she is not overwhelmed by feelings of curiosity or sympathy for the unknown, she does not look for her admirer, coldly answering letters. However, at the end of the story, after Zheltkov's suicide, Vera, standing at the coffin, realizes that she has missed the very true love that her grandfather told her about.
In the story "The Captain's Daughter" A.S. Pushkin, the problems of fidelity and betrayal are closely intertwined with honor and dishonor. The main character - Pyotr Grinev - refuses to swear allegiance to the rebel Emelyan Pugachev, remaining faithful to the empress. But Alexey Shvabrin - former friend and a comrade - not tormented by pangs of conscience, goes over to the side of the impostor in order to save his life. In addition to loyalty to the Motherland, loyalty in love is also consecrated in the work. Grinev, in love with Masha Mironova, does not give up his intentions to marry her, despite the parents' refusal to bless her. Shvabrin, who captured the fortress together with the Pugachevites, forcibly persuades the girl to marry. The coward Masha, shuddering from shots during exercises in the fortress, shows unexpected fortitude and refuses Shvabrin, remaining faithful to her beloved.
The work "Fairy Tale" from the collection of stories by A.I. Kuprin's "Russian Soul" begins with a kind fairy tale, which Ivan Timofeevich tells his son at night. On the dacha terrace, in addition to the artist and his little son, there are Kholshchevnikov's beautiful wife, Lydia, and the artist's beloved student, young Grigory Bakhanin. Ivan Timofeevich tells his son about a wonderful fairy (meaning his wife), who saved the lost prince and led him to the palace, past terrible monsters, whose names were Envy, Poverty and Doubt. Ivan Timofeevich leaves the sleeping child in the nursery and returns to the terrace: there he finds Lydia and Grigory kissing, who have not yet noticed him. The story ends with the words: "The fairy tale is over ..."
No less sadly ends another story by A.I. Kuprin - "Allez". Young circus performer Nora falls in love with the famous clown Menotti, who managed to seduce an innocent girl in just a week. For a whole year, Nora accompanied the man on his tour; she saw in him some semblance of a god, but he graciously allowed her to adore him. But a year later, she got bored with the circus performer, he kicks Nora out. The short story ends with Nora's suicide - the girl throws herself out of the window when she sees Merotti's betrayal.
In A.N. Ostrovsky's play "Thunderstorm", the conflict of the work is adultery. Katerina, a cheerful and dreamy girl, suffers from the unfair attacks of her arrogant mother-in-law and the softness of her husband, who is unable to repulse his mother. She literally suffocates in the insipid, stupid town of Kalinov, which is why she falls in love with Boris so easily. Chance meetings, furtive kisses - Katerina's love for Boris grows stronger every day, despite the fact that she is a married girl. However, the pious Katerina understands that treason is a sin, so she rushes into the Volga.
The most famous tragedy dedicated to love is Romeo and Juliet. In the work of William Shakespeare, an extraordinary love is described, which ended in a notorious end. Lovers from the warring clans of the Montagues and Capulets, contrary to all prohibitions, secretly meet. In the course of the tragedy, Juliet was supposed to marry Paris, but she could not change her beloved Romeo. She drinks a "special potion" - the girl falls into a dream, which everyone takes for death; not knowing that the beloved is only sleeping, Romeo drinks poison, Juliet, waking up, sees the dead Romeo and stabs herself.
The sacrificial fidelity of Maria Troekurova in the novel "Dubrovsky" by A.S. Pushkin cannot leave anyone indifferent. In the course of the work, the girl falls in love with her French teacher, in fact, the robber Dubrovsky. Her father decides to marry off his daughter to the old rich Prince Vereisky. Maria begs her father not to do this - "marriage scared her like a block, like a grave." The girl hopes that Dubrovsky will save her from an unwanted marriage, but her beloved does not make it in time: when the robbers attack the carriage, the young people have already been married. Maria refuses Dubrovsky, she will not leave her lawful husband for him.
The hero of the work "Sotnikov" Vasil Bykov went to betray his homeland and comrade. Rybak and Sotnikov, who were captured by the Germans, behaved radically differently: Sotnikov was silent and endured all the tortures, while Rybak, fearing for his life and health, shied away from direct answers, and “spoke, as it seemed to him, very cunningly” . Rybak was offered to join the German police; later they all were taken to the liquidation - the gallows. Trying to save his comrade, Sotnikov takes all the blame on himself, shouting that Rybak happened to be with him by accident, at the same time Rybak agrees to become a German "policeman". It is he who knocks out the block of wood from under Sotnikov's feet, passing the test of the Germans. After the liquidation, Rybak is looking for a way to escape: he sees a horse nearby, and suddenly notices a man in a sleigh - his look, full of hatred, makes it clear to Rybak that there is nowhere to run now.
In the story of Gavriil Troepolsky "White Bim black ear» describes a sad story sincerely devoted dog- White Beam. A “defective” setter, Bim was supposed to die as a puppy, but he was taken in by a lonely writer Ivan Ivanovich. A few years later, the old fragment in Ivan Ivanovich's chest moved, and the writer was taken away in an ambulance. The faithful dog was waiting for the owner, refused to eat, and the old woman who looked after him let him go to look for something. Beam went in search of the owner. A lot of misfortunes happened to Ivan Ivanovich's faithful friend: the dog was kidnapped, resold, he was beaten and he was starved to death, but White Bim was still waiting for the owner. The incredible devotion of the "wrong setter" once again confirms that the dog is man's best friend.
In A.S. Pushkin's story "The Stationmaster", readers will learn about the sad fate of the old stationmaster. His daughter, the beautiful young Dunya, ran away from him with a young hussar. Three years spent in solitude have aged the once cheerful caretaker, now he is a decrepit old man. Dunya, most likely, married a hussar, but her father was worried about his only daughter and went on foot to Petersburg; the caretaker was able to get into the house: as soon as she saw him, the girl fainted, and Minsky drove the old man away. Until the death of the caretaker, Dunya did not visit him; at the end of the work, the boy Vanka describes a beautiful lady crying at the grave of a drunken caretaker.
