09/22/2006, Photo by Anatoly Zhdanov and UNIAN.
Orders by order
Deputies and ministers are increasingly receiving state awards for unknown merits
Olga Vandysheva
It seems that the passion for orders that the Soviet leaders experienced is becoming fashionable in modern Russia. Today, not a single more or less well-known deputy or official can do without some kind of state award. At the same time, the merits of the majority of order bearers remain by and large unknown to anyone.
Well, for example, what, for example, did Igor Lebedev, the son of the leader of the Liberal Democratic Party, Vladimir Zhirinovsky, do such an outstanding thing? He, of course, heads the Liberal Democrat faction in the State Duma. But this, you see, is not yet a reason to immediately hang a high state award on his chest. Nevertheless, deputy Lebedev this summer turned out to be awarded the medal of the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland" II degree, about which before the start of the autumn session of the State Duma, the parliamentarians were informed by the presidential representative Alexander Kosopkin.
Along with Lebedev, other people's deputies were among those marked. Moreover, the names of some of them say nothing to either ordinary voters or colleagues in the Duma.
For example, deputies Zainulla Bagishaev, Yuri Barzykin, Alexander Belousov, Evgeny Bogomolny, Mikhail Buger, Vladimir Vasiliev, Alexander Koval, Yuri Nazmeev, Vera Oskina, Lyudmila Pirozhnikova, Anatoly Semenchenko were awarded the medal of the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland" II degree. Vladimir Aseev and Andrey Golovatyuk received medals of the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, 1st class.
Martin Shakkum received the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, IV degree, Vitaly Margelov - the Order of Honor. Several more deputies were awarded the Order of Friendship - these are Otari Arshba, Mikhail Babich, Alexei Volkov, Konstantin Zatulin, Yuri Medvedev, Zelimkhan Mutsoev, Vladimir Nikitin.
For what such merits are these deputies awarded? In the decree, the wording is standard and vague: "For active participation in legislative work and many years of conscientious work." But what specific cases are meant by these phrases, it was not possible to find out. The awardees themselves refused to speak on this sensitive topic. Probably out of modesty.
And communist deputy Viktor Ilyukhin believes that most of these awards are completely undeserved:
Often such deputies are awarded whom I have never even seen on the podium of the Duma ...
However, there is one interesting trend. Almost all of the above order bearers are members of " United Russia". And this already explains a lot. In any case, this circumstance does not surprise domestic specialists in awards (falerists).
The modern award system in Russia is applied mainly to loyal politicians and officials. Although, of course, this has always been the case, - says the editor-in-chief of the almanac "Nagrada", the famous Russian falerist Alexei PAVLIKOV. - But there are also differences from, say, the Soviet era. The USSR was full of workers and collective farmers - order bearers. And today, for example, only three workers have been awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland. But there are more than enough ministers and deputies in these lists. They are awarded indiscriminately and without any specific merit.
He does not see the logic in the awarding of state awards and the curator of the State Historical Museum, the leading Russian falerist Valery DUROV:
One gets the impression that state awards are given out randomly, according to what principle and for what - it is not clear.
However, a certain logic of awards is still traced. So it becomes relevant again to award orders for anniversaries. For example, head of government Mikhail Fradkov received the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, II degree, for his 50th birthday. As stated in the Decree of the President, “for a great personal contribution to the conduct of the state economic policy and many years of conscientious work. The same order, only IV degree, was marked by the Minister of Health Mikhail Zurabov. He also received a state award for his 50th anniversary with the wording: “For a great contribution to the holding social policy and many years of conscientious work. Apparently, he received the order as an advance payment for the subsequent monetization of benefits. And Minister of Industry and Energy Viktor Khristenko received the same order on his 49th birthday "for his great personal contribution to the development of technical and economic cooperation between states."
Ex-President of the USSR Mikhail Gorbachev was awarded the Order of Honor on his 70th birthday "for his great contribution to the development of democratic reforms." And State Duma Vice Speaker Vladimir Zhirinovsky was awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, IV degree, immediately for a double reason. On the one hand, own
60th anniversary, on the other - the 100th anniversary of the State Duma. Moreover, the high award was personally presented to Zhirinovsky by Vladimir Putin in the Catherine's Hall of the Kremlin. Just like the other 25 lucky ones from among the senators and deputies, who were awarded in connection with the centenary of Russian parliamentarism, according to the order sent down from above, as Zhirinovsky himself told KP. At that time, one order was allocated to the LDPR faction. And the liberal democrats unanimously decided that none other than their permanent leader and inspirer is worthy of him.
If you figure it out, then with the awards there is a complete leapfrog, - says Alexey Pavlikov, - the statutes of the awards and the sequence of their awarding are not observed. For example, the statute of the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland" states that it is awarded to persons for particularly outstanding services to the people related to the development of Russian statehood, achievements in labor, strengthening peace, friendship and cooperation between peoples, a significant contribution to the defense of the Fatherland. But few of the deputies and officials, it seems to me, have such "outstanding services to the people."
A lot of deputies and ministers should be given awards, only like a silver galosh. For example, for the "excellent" monetization of benefits and infringement of the rights of citizens, - considers Hero Soviet Union, President of the Heroes of the Fatherland Foundation Valery BURKOV. - As for the policy of distributing state awards, many people receive them completely undeservedly. And I would personally fire some of the awardees from work. In addition, contrary to the Decree of the President, there are often cases when, instead of sequential awarding, the order is immediately awarded the II or I degree. The law on state awards has not yet been adopted.
Of course, it would be unfair to say that every one of the statesmen who received high awards did not deserve them. It is possible that some order bearers really have considerable services to the people. It's just strange that the people themselves do not know anything about this. It is also surprising that orders are issued according to orders and for anniversaries. And it turns out that the practice of distributing state awards is gradually becoming somehow vicious. And the high status of the state award, alas, is depreciating. Although any state order is a priori more than a birthday present, prize, etc. And it should really be given out for worthy deeds.
Order bearers
Luzhkov is an honored brewer, and Chubais is an honorary Chechen
Here is a list of some of the insignia of our officials
Head of the Ministry of Emergency Situations Sergey SHOIGU- the title of Hero of the Russian Federation, the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland" III degree, the Order "For Personal Courage", the medal "Defender of Free Russia".
Director of the FSB of the Russian Federation Nikolay PATRUSHEV- the title of Hero of the Russian Federation, the Order "For Military Merit", the Order "In the Name of Russia", the Order of St. Prince Daniel and the Order of St. Prince Dimitry Donskoy.
Minister of Defense Sergey IVANOV- Order "For Merit to the Fatherland" II degree, Order "For Military Merit", Order of Honor.
Minister of Finance Alexei KUDRIN- a sign of the Order of Alexander Nevsky - a gold medal "For Labor and Fatherland", an order "In the name of Russia".
Minister Agriculture Alexey GORDEEV- Order "For Merit to the Fatherland" III degree, Order of Honor, Order of St. Sergius of Radonezh.
Minister of Foreign Affairs Sergei LAVROV- Order "For Merit to the Fatherland" III degree, Order of Honor, Order of St. Sergius of Radonezh II degree, Order of St. Prince Daniel.
Minister of Internal Affairs Rashid NURGALIEV- Order of St. Prince Dimitry Donskoy.
Minister of Information Technologies and Communications of the Russian Federation Leonid REIMAN- Order "For Merit to the Fatherland" IV degree.
Moscow Mayor Yury LUZHKOV- Order "For Military Merit", Order of St. Macarius, Order of St. Prince Dimitry Donskoy, Muslim Order "Al-Fahr" (Order of Honor), Mongolian Order "Polar Star", Belarusian Order of Friendship of Peoples, Serbian Order of St. Sava, Order " For merits in the development of the brewing industry.
Governor of St. Petersburg Valentina MATVIENKO- Order "For Merit to the Fatherland" III degree, Order of Peter the Great, Order of St. Equal-to-the-Apostles Grand Duchess Olga, Order "In the Name of Russia", Medal "For the Combat Commonwealth", Medal "In Commemoration of the 300th Anniversary of St. Petersburg", honorary Badge of the Order "For Saving Life on Earth".
Governor of Chukotka Roman Abramovich- Order of Honor.
Head of RAO "UES of Russia" Anatoly CHUBAIS - medal "For Services to the Chechen Republic", medal "For Special Contribution to the Development of Kuzbass" I degree.
Call to Viktor Chernomyrdin
“I am calm about regalia”
Alexander Gamov
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Like a real Cossack, Chernomyrdin does not consider his awards |
- Hello, Viktor Stepanovich! How many awards do you have? Orders, medals...
Listen, well done! What do I think of them, or what? Well, there is... I can't say how much. But a little. I have never worked for a reward. Noted means noted. No - so no. Did not deserve. So it must be understood. I am absolutely calm about this.
- Well, do you have the most expensive award?
- Of course. The most expensive state award for me is our Russian Order of Merit for the Fatherland, II degree. Before my native Fatherland, which I love.
- You were awarded the Ukrainian Order of Cossack Glory. How do you rate it?
I perceive it rather as a reward to my ancestors, a tribute to their memory. They were real Cossacks. I am of that kind. Everything that is connected with the Cossacks, with their service to our Fatherland, is dear to me.
Recognition from outside
More beautiful and different medals
Russian politicians are harvesting a rich harvest of awards abroad
Kirill Antonov, Nikita Krasnikov
The premium iconostasis on the dress jackets of many Russian celebrities shines with exotic orders and medals. As a rule, they are handed over in a protocol order - this is how it is customary in international affairs to celebrate a tribute to the high representatives of a friendly country. But there are also "labour awards".
Putin's "collection"
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Among the president's awards is the Vietnamese Order of Ho Chi Minh. |
It is not surprising that one of the main owners of foreign insignia is the first person of the state - President Vladimir Putin. Moreover, he began to “collect” foreign awards long before the start of his political career. In the late 80s, fighting on the "invisible front" while working in the GDR, he received a bronze medal "For Merit to the National People's Army of the GDR" from his German colleagues. Even in memory of those times, the VVP had the “Sign of the Society of German-Soviet Friendship” made in the form of a gold pin.
Having become head of state, Putin has increased the "collection" of various foreign awards. In 2001, while visiting Vietnam, he was awarded the Order of Ho Chi Minh. In the same year, but already in Greece, the president was awarded the gold medal "For Merit".
A couple of years later the Bulgarian Orthodox Church presented the Russian leader with one of her highest awards - the Order of the Holy Tsar Boris. And during the celebration of the 60th anniversary of the Allied landing in Normandy, the Association of Veterans of the French Resistance awarded Putin with the honorary cross "Volunteer Combatant".
Sprats - no, "Three Stars" - yes!
Back in 2000, Latvia awarded the Order of Three Stars to Boris Yeltsin for recognizing the independence of this Baltic republic and fighting the Soviet regime. However the ex-president took his award only a month ago - earlier he was "embarrassed" by violations of the rights of Russian-speaking residents in Latvia. It looks like things have improved a lot...
By the way, the same order was awarded to the Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia Alexy II - "for the restoration of Orthodoxy and spirituality." The Patriarch also has a "souvenir" from his native Estonia - the Order of the Cross of Maryamaa, I degree.
Commanders and generals
It happens that along with the award, a politician gets some exotic title. Not everyone knows that our ambassador to Ukraine, the master of Russian literature, Viktor Chernomyrdin, is also a general of the Ukrainian Cossacks. Of course, he did not ride with a saber on a horse, but, having received the Order of Cossack Glory from the hands of the Supreme Ataman of the Zaporozhye Army in 2001, he was automatically promoted to military leader. As the ataman did not fail to notice, Chernomyrdin made "a significant contribution to the revival of the Cossacks throughout the world."
Colleagues and comrades can easily turn to the head of the Accounts Chamber, Sergei Stepashin, recently - "commander". And for this he should not thank anyone, but the French government, which awarded the chief Russian auditor with the Order of the Legion of Honor of the Commander degree.
From Laos to the Vatican
As soon as the Minister of Foreign Affairs Sergey Lavrov and the Governor of the Nizhny Novgorod Region Valery Shantsev visited Laos, they soon received the Order of Friendship of this distant republic. And the head of the Federation Council, Sergei Mironov, can boast of the Peruvian Order of Honor, which was presented to him during a visit to Moscow by his colleague from a Latin American country.
As you know, the Vatican is stingy with awards for our compatriots. One of the few people who was noted by the Holy See was the Russian scientist, academician Alexander Chubaryan, well known among historians of religion and society. Last year, he was awarded the Order of St. Gregory - the highest papal distinction for a secular person.
Do those heroes find rewards?
Andrey Baranov
It's amazing how quickly we forget our recent past. But how many jokes at one time were composed about General Secretary Leonid Ilyich, hung with stars "from shoulder to shoulder." And how the “sand orders” annoyed the people, with which they generously (and sometimes undeservedly) awarded all kinds of high-ranking officials for anniversaries.
That era is gone, but the reward rain has not stopped. The hammer and sickle were replaced by crosses, still thickly falling on the lapels of bureaucratic jackets. But when it is necessary to reward a truly worthy person, problems arise. For example, for almost three (!) years, papers went through the authorities on the presentation to the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, IV degree, the legend of Russian journalism, our colleague in the newspaper Vasily Peskov. From "Komsomolskaya Pravda" they demanded a report on the payment of taxes, a visa of the district prefect and much more.
Vasily Mikhailovich eventually received his order. But how many more honored people are forced to wait while high awards are divided among themselves by bureaucrats from power.
Alexander Chubaryan is still at work: he conducts research, heads scientific commissions, and is constantly on business trips. At the same time, he remains a passionate football fan, and also writes books.
During his many years of scientific activity, the historian Alexander Chubaryan wrote more than 20 books, and the first historical work was still at school, in the fifth grade, about the Moscow Kremlin. This small work, the academician admits, in fact, determined his future.
“I, starting from the 8th or 9th grade, began to compile a dictionary of political figures that exist in the world today, in my time, political parties and so on. I liked this activity, it was interesting for me. And therefore, when I entered the university, it was clear that I would study the 20th century,” says Alexander Chubaryan.
In this century, rich in events, Chubaryan was carried away foreign policy Soviet Union and became the chief specialist on this topic. For more than ten years he taught it to future diplomats at the Diplomatic Academy. And once he even became a participant in the foreign policy process. A rare stroke of luck for a historian. In the late 80s, he was called to the Foreign Ministry for an important assignment. Transfer secret documents about the Prague events of 1968 to the then leadership of Czechoslovakia.
“Now I remember this with some even surprise, because these were secret documents. They gave me my daddy, I put it in my briefcase, got in a taxi in the morning, went to the airport, economy class, sat down as a simple citizen, arrived in Prague to conduct documents for the Secretary General of the Czechoslovak Communist Party, ”recalls Alexander Chubaryan.
The merits of the scientist are recognized not only at home, where for more than a quarter of a century he was the director of the Institute of General History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, but also abroad. For cooperation, France awarded Chubaryan with one of its highest awards - the Order of the Legion of Honor. And Germany - the officer's cross of the Order of Merit for the Federal Republic of Germany.
“His role in our current relations with the world community is very important. Because he retains all academic connections. It is important to understand here that he was the president of the Association of European Historians, vice-president, and also a person who was a member of various international communities,” Mikhail Shvydkoy notes.
In the study of history, Alexander Oganovich explains, the most difficult thing is to be objective. But this is what is most valued in the historical environment. Therefore, when a few years ago the question arose of creating a single historical standard, on the basis of which several history textbooks appeared in Russia, it was Alexander Chubaryan who headed the scientific group.
“We have a walking phrase: “History does not tolerate the subjunctive mood.” I am against this phrase, against this idea. For example, if it were not Lenin, but someone else, would these events have changed? Yes. In which direction? It is very exciting. This is versatility. I tell my young people: history is as multivariate as your life,” notes Alexander Chubaryan.
At 85, Alexander Chubaryan is still actively involved in science. He teaches, gives lectures to young historians and passionately supports Dynamo, because football, the academician admits, is another love of his life, like history.
“Once a person lives - my psychology - he must live a full interesting life. I try to keep the habits that I have. Let's say I can worry at night that my beloved Dynamo lost yesterday in the second league. Life in principle is wonderful,” says Alexander Chubaryan.
14.10.2011Anniversary of Academician Chubaryan Alexander Oganovich
Academician
Chubaryan Alexander Oganovich
In 1955 he graduated from the Faculty of History of Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov. Director of the Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Corresponding Member since 1994, Academician since 2000 – Department of Historical and Philological Sciences.
Specialist in the field of European history, history of international relations, Russian foreign policy. He created a new direction in Russian historiography - the study of European ideas and European history. For many years he has been a leader in the study of the topic “Russia and Europe in the 19th–20th centuries”, one of the leaders in the scientific direction “History
International Relations in the 20th Century”, within which he initiated the study of the history of the Cold War.
A.O. Chubaryan is one of the first active organizers in the field of integration of science and education. For more than 10 years he was the rector, at present he is the president of the State Academic University for the Humanities - the first scientific and educational center in Russia, within which the traditions of university education are combined with
development of academic science.
Participated in the development of the concept of teaching history in secondary and high school for the Ministry of Education and Science, a number of government agencies and non-governmental organizations, in the preparation of a UNESCO report on education, in the preparation of various materials on historical education in secondary and higher schools through the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Ministry of Education and Science.
Editor-in-Chief of a number of leading domestic and international publications on general and European history: "European Almanac", "Russia and the Baltics", "Civilizations", the International Journal of Social Sciences, the International Journal "Cold War History", the journal of the International Association of Institutes of History of the CIS countries " historical
space. Problems of the history of the CIS countries.
Member of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Member of the Presidium of the Presidential Council for Science, Education and High Technologies.
Co-Chairman of the Commissions of Historians of Russia and Austria, Russia and Germany, Russia and Lithuania, Russia and Romania, Russia and Ukraine. Chairman of the National Committee
Russian historians. President of the International Association of Institutes of History of the CIS countries.
On the initiative of A.O. Chubaryan, the Academic Educational Association for the Humanities was created.
He was awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, IV degree, Order of Honor, Legion of Honor (France), Officer's Cross (Germany), Order of St. Macarius II degree (ROC), Gregory VI (Vatican).
Laureate of the Prize of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences. E.V. Tarle.
In 1955, Alexander Oganovich graduated with honors from the Faculty of History of Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov, and then postgraduate studies at the Institute of History of the USSR Academy of Sciences. In 1959 he defended his Ph.D. thesis on the history of the Brest Peace.
Teachers: Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor Georgy Nazarovich Golikov; Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR Vladimir Mikhailovich Khvostov.
Area of scientific interests:
History of international relations,
History of Russia's foreign policy,
History of the twentieth century,
The history of ideas in the context of European history.
Teaching activity:
In the early 1990s the idea arose to create a separate university at the Russian Academy of Sciences, which could partially compensate for the lack of humanitarian knowledge in Russian society. In 1992, the Russian Center for Humanitarian Education (RCHE) became such an educational institution. In 1994, the RCGO (since 1998 - State University Humanities, since 2008 - the State Academic University for the Humanities) receives the status of a state educational institution higher vocational education- University and its first rector is A.O. Chubaryan, who simultaneously serves as dean of the Faculty of History of this university.
Since 2014 Scientific supervisor
Membership in scientific organizations, Councils, Commissions:
1970-1991 Vice President and Chairman of the National Committee of Historians of the USSR (since 1991 National Committee of Russian Historians),
Since 1973 Vice-President of the International Association of Contemporary History of Europe,
1990-2000 Member of the Bureau and Vice President of the International Committee of Historical Sciences,
1996-2006 President of the Russian Society of Historians and Archivists,
Since 2004 President of the International Association of Institutes of History of the CIS countries,
Since 1997 Co-Chairman of the International Joint Commissions of Russian and Austrian Historians; Russia and Germany; Russia and Latvia; Russia and Lithuania; Russia and Romania; Russia and Ukraine,
1999-2007 Chairman of the Expert Council on the History of the Higher Attestation Commission of the Russian Federation,
Since 2007 Head of the Scientific Council of the non-profit organization The World Travel Encyclopedia Foundation,
Since 2007 member of the Commission on religious associations under the Government of the Russian Federation,
2009-2011 Member of the Commission on countering attempts to falsify history to the detriment of Russia's interests,
Since 2011 Chairman of the All-Russian public organization"Association of Teachers of History and Social Studies",
2001-2012 member of the Council for Science, Technology and Education under the President of the Russian Federation,
Member of the Russian International Affairs Council and the Russian Pugwash Committee at the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Participation in the editorial boards of scientific publications.
Editor-in-chief of periodicals:
Chief editor of generalizing collective scientific works:
History of Europe in 6 volumes,
World history in 6 volumes,
Russian historical encyclopedia in 18 volumes.
Chairman of the Scientific and Coordinating Council of the federal portal History.RF.
Honorary doctor of a number of Russian and foreign universities and academies, elected a member of the Royal Norwegian Academy (1996), the National Academy of Armenia (2000), the Royal Swedish Academy of Literature, History and Antiquity (2013).
Brest peace. 1918. Moscow: Nauka, 1963. 246 p.
European idea in history. Problems of war and peace. M.: International relationships, 1987. 352 p.
Europa Konzepte. Von Napoleon bis zur Gegenwart. Ein Beitrag aus Moskau. Berlin, 1992. 230 s.
European Idea in History in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries. A view from Moscow. London, 1998.
Europe in the 20th century: History and perspectives. N.Y., 2002.
Russian Europeanism. M.: Olma-press, 2006. 416 p.
Eve of tragedy. Stalin and the international crisis. September 1939 - June 1941 M.: Nauka, 2008. 476 p.
XX century: the view of the historian. M.: Nauka, 2009. 563 p.
La Russie et l'idee Europeenne. Paris, Éditions des Syrtes, 2009. 306 p.
As you know, history is a science that is most dependent on "times and customs." Those who choose to study it as a matter of life are forced to reckon with it. It is especially difficult for scientists whose work falls on periods of sharp changes in the political and economic course of the state where they live.
Academician Chubaryan is one of those who successfully passed the entire test, retaining the face and respect of colleagues, including those abroad.
A family
Chubaryan Alexander Oganovich was born in Moscow, 1931, in an Armenian family. The historian's father, Ogan Stepanovich, was a library scientist who was well known in scientific circles far beyond the borders of the Soviet Union. O. S. Chubaryan wrote many books, had a doctorate in pedagogy. For 10 years he served as the editor-in-chief of the USSR Library collection, and from 1969 to 1972 he was the editor-in-chief. about. director of the Lenin Library. Interesting fact- while being treated in one of the hospitals of besieged Leningrad, the young scientist regularly ran away from there to look for information in the library named after A. M. Saltykov-Shchedrin for his dissertation on the appearance of the first technical books in Russia in the era of Peter the Great.
Studies
In 1955, Chubaryan Alexander Oganovich graduated from the Faculty of History of Moscow State University with honors, and 4 years later - postgraduate studies at the Institute of History of the USSR Academy of Sciences. For his thesis and dissertation for the degree, the young scientist chose a topic that reveals some details of the signing of the Brest Peace of 1918.
Career
In 1958, A. O. Chubaryan was enrolled in the Institute of History (IVI RAS). There he worked until 2015, that is, for more than 57 years. For the last 18 years the scientist has been the director of IVI RAS.
In 1971, Chubaryan became a doctor of historical sciences. His dissertation dealt with the study of the role of V. I. Lenin in the formation of Soviet foreign policy.
Among other scientific and career achievements of Alexander Oganovich, one can name his work as a scientific secretary of the Department of History of the USSR Academy of Sciences, teaching at MGIMO and the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
In 1994, Chubaryan Alexander Oganovich became a corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences (academician since 2000).
Public and scientific activities
Scientist long years was vice-president of the International Committee of Historical Sciences, member of the Commission dealing with issues of religious associations, co-chairman working group Russian and Austrian historians, the first rector of GAUGN, etc.
Books and publications
Chubaryan A. O. is the author of more than three hundred and fifty scientific papers. Among them, the books “The European Idea in History in the 19th-20th Centuries” (published in English and German translations in Great Britain and Germany), "Brest peace", "Europe in the 20th century: history and prospects", etc.
In 2006, a history textbook was published under the authorship of A. Chubaryan, E. Pivovar and A. Danilov. It became the subject of controversy among educators and public figures. The fact is that some reviewers saw in it a return to the political ideas that developed in the 1920s. In particular, according to critics of the textbook, one of the authors of which is Alexander Chubaryan, the history of the USSR during the period of the personality cult is shown in it as the result of a class struggle that grows as the country moves towards socialism.
Orders
The merits of the scientist to the country and world historical science have been repeatedly awarded high domestic and foreign state awards. In particular, Chubaryan Alexander Oganovich is a holder of the following orders:
- "Badge of Honor" (1976);
- French Legion of Honor;
- "For Services to the Fatherland" (2006, 4th degree);
- "Saint Gregory the Sixth" (Vatican);
- German officer's cross;
- (Russian Federation) (1999).
Today, despite his advanced age, the scientist continues research work. Unlike most of his conservative peers, he considers the Internet a gift and actively uses this tool. On the this moment his scientific interests include the problems of humanitarian knowledge in our country and modern world, a project for the opening of the CCN, which should bring together biologists, psychologists, geneticists, linguists, neurophysiologists and historians, as well as the question of the influence of Europe's historical past on its future.
