Violation of the integrity of a dilapidated structure over time is a natural phenomenon. Old wooden houses are especially susceptible to this fate. The cause of skewed doors and windows, cracks in the walls is the destruction of the foundation. Timely elimination of the factors that caused the deformation of the directly supporting structure and wood will extend the life of the housing. How to repair a foundation wooden house Let's look at it in detail. Depending on the degree of change, a partial or complete reconstruction of the base is carried out. In some cases, a complete replacement of the old foundation is required.
Prefabricated house, that is, fortunately taken from the tape
We loved separating rooms and that the house had to be two stories high with no noise on the floor. The issue of coordinating architecture with the environment was not decisive. Old buildings are mixed with old ones. Well, typical Polish suburban mice. With the construction of a good prefabricated house.
Separate perennial weeds. The old foundations were dismantled and they were overloaded. Much earth was brought to the hill to form the hills. After they were planted on the entire surface of the future garden, a 15-cm layer of soil was laid.
Causes of destruction
The development of a foundation repair plan is preceded by the identification of the reasons for the violation of its integrity. There are several factors that provoked the deformation:
- Increasing the load on the foundation. For example, they completed the attic or made the sheathing of an old wooden structure.
- Rising groundwater levels or poorly equipped rainwater runoff, resulting in soil erosion.
- Construction near the old wooden house of other objects that increase the load on the ground.
Such situations change the bearing capacity of the soil, which leads to a skew of the structure or its subsidence. Repair of the foundation of an old wooden house may be required as a result of the loss of strength of the base material itself. This is due to:
Heat treatment of the house - foundations, floor on the ground and ceiling above the basement
The decision is difficult and depends on many factors. The surface of the frame is broken and the windows are cool? This is a sign that the time has come for their exchange. Coatings from ceramic and cement roofs. Thermal conductivity is lower, thermal conductivity is higher, and heat loss is lower. Basement and Basement Insulation Costs Large heat losses through the partitions of existing houses can only be reduced by increasing the thickness of the layer, as much as possible, and materials.
How to build a clay oven step by step
Step two: foundation. Since the oven will be quite skinny, it needs to have a solid base. The plate weighs about 130 kg and is the basis of the hearth. It will be possible to sign a preliminary agreement on the purchase of agricultural land. The farmer will then apply for a building permit and a foundation bay. Then you may already have a contract with the farmer for the terms of the sale of the building permit.
- wrong choice of foundation type;
- incorrect proportions of mortar or inappropriate brand of concrete;
- violations of the technological process during laying;
- incorrectly determined level of soil freezing;
- unexpected exposure to water.
Correctly identifying the source of the problem is the starting point for planning the repair process. Assessment of the condition of the support and identification weaknesses will allow you to determine whether a partial restoration or a full-scale restoration of the base is necessary.
The person is annoyed, feeling that construction is still going on. To quickly change in the garden, it must be reasonable. This rule applies to both small and large areas. Let's remember that a good concept is a foundation - without that foundation, we'll turn our backs on the next one.
home in three weeks
Manual processing module weighing approx. 40 kg. Most of Peter's work was done by herself! “Theoretically, this is not a difficult task, but it took me two and a half days,” she says. - First you had to install the pipe, fix it in the foundation, and then put the next steps on top.
Determination of the degree of deformation
The degree of deformation of the support of the old house directly affects the content of the repair plan. Conventionally, defects are divided into four levels. Partially peeled off finishes are considered minimal deviations and do not significantly affect the load-bearing performance of the base. This defect is visible without deep analysis and is eliminated without difficulty.
Thermal insulation of these elements at home, it turns out that the work is very unprofitable. It is necessary not only to dig foundations from the outside in order to achieve solid warming. Remove any dampness or soiling from the wall as this will lead to dirt and grime. Lounge area, then entrance area, built on a central block with two children's bedrooms. The producers selected ten pairs for their project, which were closed off from the side of the planned new settlement in Stara Wie near Warsaw and tightly sealed off from the world.
Facing the foundation of a wooden house
Disconnected from the Internet, phones. Protecting your home from moisture ±. After laying the foundation wall, they were insulated and insulated. The plant also drains excess rainwater into an old, abandoned drainpipe that is used to irrigate the garden.
Moderate severity
Extended repair of the foundation of a wooden house is required if there are cracks that appeared as a result of subsidence of the support or destructive processes in it. The following points deserve attention:
- The direction of the crack is determined. Horizontal gaps are less dangerous.
- A vertical or zigzag fault is a serious defect that requires the foundation to be repaired as soon as possible.
- What is the nature of subsidence of the base under the old wooden housing: temporary or progressive.
Advice! The installation of beacons in places of crevices will help to indicate the nature of the destruction of the foundation under the wooden structure.
The function of beacons will be performed by ordinary paper strips, in this case, to obtain a reliable picture, you should avoid getting them wet. Plaster plasters will also help. The most reliable way to make beacons is to apply a small amount of putty to the wall and mark a straight line. With a slight fluctuation, such a beacon will break. This technique allows you to fix the increase in the crack and find out the rate of development of defects.
The subsidence of the foundation under the wooden dwellings was temporary if the lighthouses were not damaged and remained motionless. This happens with a single shift of the soil under the support of the old house. Repair of the foundation will consist only in the elimination of existing gaps. The repair process includes the following steps:
- fault jointing;
- cleaning the gap from falling fragments and dust;
- primer treatment;
- sealing joints with cement mortar or a special compound.
The destruction of the beacons signals the progressing faults in the base of the old wooden housing. Therefore, repair to eliminate cracks will not be enough. This type of deformation is characterized as catastrophic and requiring urgent action.
Serious damage and permanent deformation
Serious defects can provoke the destruction of an old wooden dwelling. The repair plan depends on the type of support structure; the most common is the tape and column version. In some cases, it is not advisable to strengthen the base, it is better to completely change the foundation under standing house. If it is not possible to eliminate the deformations, the dwelling is subject to demolition.
Reinforcement of the tape base
Foundation under wooden house can be strengthened if its defects are removable and the soil is stable.
Comment! The need for reinforcement also arises when it is planned to make a superstructure, and the supporting structure is not designed for additional load.
How to strengthen the foundation for an old wooden house, consider in detail:
- Prepare a trench along the perimeter of the base, allowing you to pour the foundation in the future.
- The old surface of the base of a wooden house is cleared of the ground.
- Repair begins with drilling holes with a diameter exceeding the size of the reinforcement by 1 mm.
- The reinforcement hammered into the holes acts as a link between the old supporting structure and the additional new one.
- The next step of the repair is the formation of a reinforced belt. Welding is used only at a few points, most of the strapping is made with wire. Such fixation will exclude the deformation of the reinforced belt during the pouring and hardening of the concrete solution.
- Do-it-yourself repair of the supporting structure of a wooden house continues with the installation of formwork.
- At the final stage of the repair, concrete is poured to reinforce the old foundation. After it hardens, the formwork is removed, and the new foundation is settled for some time, depending on the temperature and humidity levels.
- High-quality repair of the base of an old wooden dwelling provides for the waterproofing of a new foundation and the formation of a blind area for water drainage.
Strengthening the supporting structure contributes to the redistribution of the load of the old structure over a large area.
Attention! Making repairs strip base, do not forget to form vents in the foundation of a wooden house. This will ensure high-quality ventilation of the basement level.
The following video will demonstrate how to pour a rubble stone foundation:
Pile foundation repair
Piles hammered under an old wooden house can squint. Minor deviations can be tried to eliminate by straightening. To do this, they make a dig, give the pile a strictly vertical position, and the space around the support is filled with a mixture of cement and gravel.
If the piles under the old wooden structure collapsed or were severely deformed, surface repairs will not do here. To replace old piles, asbestos-cement pipes with a diameter of 200 mm are suitable. Foundation repair is as follows:
- To install a new support, a place is being prepared under the old wooden housing.
- In addition, an inclined chute is formed for the establishment under the house.
- In order for the pile to maintain a vertical level, its cavity is filled with a cement mortar of a liquid consistency.
Important! concrete mix should impregnate the sand and gravel pad prepared under the pile.
The next stage of repairing the old foundation to replace the piles includes strengthening the new pillars from the outside. As a fixative, a solution of cement and gravel acts. The expansion of the well below according to the mushroom cap principle will increase the stability of the pile and the strength of the foundation under the wooden structure several times.
Restoration of the column foundation
Repair process column foundation consists of the following steps:
- The old wooden structure is raised to a certain height. Competent calculation of the required height allows you to carry out repairs and prevent sagging of the lower crown.
- The lopsided poles are dismantled. If the support is dilapidated, it is changed to a new copy. In other cases, the repair consists in leveling the pillars.
- At the installation site, the soil is removed. Mandatory points for mounting supports are the corners of an old wooden structure and the junction of internal walls.
- A cement-sand cushion is arranged under the pillar.
- The repair continues with the reinforcement of the pillar, after which the concrete solution is poured.
- They carry out the installation of beams made of wood or steel, which transfer the load from the old wooden dwelling to the foundation of the pillars.
- The house returns to its original place.
Repair or complete replacement of the pile support structure takes much less time and effort than strengthening the tape base.
From the following video you can find out the details of how to pour the foundation under an old wooden house:
Any soil, even the most ideal one, will naturally shrink over time. And a solid foundation can be slightly deformed, its integrity and the level of thermal insulation of the building are violated. In this case, the owner asks himself the question: how to insulate the foundation of a wooden house, what skills and materials will be required for this.
The destruction of the old foundation occurs not only due to the mobility of the soil, but also when deviating from the construction technology, as well as from frequent vibrations (the area near the railway track, intensive construction in neighboring areas with well drilling, etc.). Soil settlement always becomes a reason to strengthen the foundation of the house.
To find out the speed and intensity of subsidence of the soil under the house, it is necessary to stick paper tapes (beacons) on the cracks that have formed. On each such beacon the date of its sticker is put down. The faster the paper tapes tear, the more important is the issue of urgent repairs.
To correct the situation, the following manipulations are performed:
- next to the sagging section of the foundation, soil is removed with an angle of inclination from 35 to 40 ° to the very bottom of the structure;
- a metal pipe with a cross section of 12.7 mm is placed in a dug pit;
- liquid concrete is poured through the pipe;
- the duration of saturation of the soil under the foundation is approximately 1.5-2 hours.
Important: it is necessary to pour concrete into the pipe until it stops decreasing
.The process of strengthening the old and partially destroyed foundation is carried out in 2 stages with a break of 48 hours. Next, beacons are again placed on the cracks and the development of the situation is observed.
If the repair of the foundation of a wooden house did not bring a positive result, another technology is implemented:
- a trench 30 cm deep is dug along the perimeter of the building;
- a plank formwork is arranged inside the trench;
- the walls of the old base are drilled with a hammer drill to install metal pins;
- the inserted pins are connected by fittings by welding;
- concrete is poured into the manufactured reinforced belt.
Important: in the manufacture of concrete mortar, it is necessary to use a gravel or crushed stone filler of a medium-sized fraction.
The reinforced concrete ring allows you to strengthen the loose base and take on part of the load of the house. A device of this design around the entire perimeter allows you to distribute such a load more evenly.
In most cases, the restoration of the old foundation ends here and further destruction stops.
Key Point: Girdling the Base reinforced concrete ring justified with a uniform subsidence of the house. In the event that only a separate wall is destroyed, the restoration procedures for concreting the reinforced structure are carried out locally, only in the problem area.
If the destruction of the old columnar foundation occurs, it can be strengthened in the same way: reinforced concrete lintels will significantly increase the strength of the entire foundation. In this case, you can connect all the pillars-supports or perform these operations only in places of strong shrinkage.
A step-by-step method for repairing a brick foundation
If the foundation is not subject to restoration
Often the foundation of an old house collapses completely or sinks into the soil so deeply that it is easier and cheaper to build a new foundation than to strengthen the existing one. A house built of wood allows for the possibility of dismantling the entire structure in order to transfer it to a new foundation.
To replace the old base, you need to lighten the load directed at it as much as possible. To do this, the following steps are performed:
- furniture is taken out of the house, window and door blocks are removed;
- holes are made on the lower crowns in 2 m increments;
- in the resulting recesses, 2-tee steel beams or channels are installed around the entire perimeter of the building;
- then a hydraulic jack is used to lift the beams onto temporary supports.
Important: wood chocks or special metal structures welded from durable material can be used as temporary supports.
Work on lifting the house should be carried out smoothly, avoiding distortions. The crowns should rise evenly around the entire perimeter.
When a new foundation is built on the site of the old one, the house can be put back on. At this stage, you can change the lower crowns to increase the strength of the entire structure. Without fail, when transferring a house to a new foundation, it is necessary to waterproof it with roofing felt or other waterproof material.
Screw piles for foundation repair
If it is impossible to strengthen the foundation of a wooden house due to severe destruction, a pile support can be built instead of the old columnar or strip foundation made of concrete. Last years given type foundation construction is becoming more and more popular. There are several reasons for this phenomenon:
- huge service life of the foundation (up to 100 years);
- availability of purchase (a lot of offers on the market);
- lack of labor-intensive earthworks.
With a couple of helpers pile foundation can be arranged in a few days. Products are able to withstand heavy loads, which expands the scope of reconstruction of the house itself (the possibility of building a second floor, attic, complex roofing, etc.).
You can raise a wooden house using the technology described above. Installation of pile products occurs as follows:
1) the type and number of piles is determined based on the mass of the house, the characteristics of the soil and the depth to which it freezes in winter;
2) lifting the structure onto the beams;
3) dismantling of a base that has been destroyed or heavily sunk into the soil;
Important: when parsing the old foundation, notes are made at the intersections of the bearing walls.
4) piles are screwed into the ground at the corners of the house and in the marked places of the highest load. For work, a special lever is used, rotated by two men, the third at this time must control the vertical position of the products immersed in the soil with a water level;
5) the depth of immersion of pile products - below the freezing point of the soil;
6) screwed piles of the same height are connected to each other by a metal channel.
The cross section of the channel must take into account the total load on the base;
7) when the construction is ready, the house is transferred to a new foundation.
It is advisable to arrange a pile foundation under a wooden house on moving, unstable soils, as well as in areas of frequent groundwater flooding.
A little about waterproofing
To protect the base of a wooden house as much as possible, it must be isolated from moisture. Foundation waterproofing is an important procedure that strengthens and extends its service life. To perform it, you need to perform the following operations:
- a trench is dug along the perimeter of the foundation structure;
- the walls of the base of the house are thoroughly cleaned of soil;
- the surface of the foundation is treated with bitumen, which is preheated;
- sheet polystyrene foam is glued to the bitumen.
In this case, bitumen will reliably protect the building support from water, and polystyrene foam will allow you to save heat and reduce heat loss.
If symptoms of dampness (fungus, mold, condensate) appear in the basement or underground of the house, it is necessary to carry out internal waterproofing of the base of the wooden house. To implement this idea, the soil under the building deepens a little, after which it is lined with 3 layers of roofing material. Laying of sheets is carried out with an overlap, each layer is connected to the previous one on heated bitumen. The roofing material should go over 30 cm of the wall. 50 cm is made on the waterproofing layer cement strainer, sand is added to the solution.
Already on top of the laid layers of hydro and thermal insulation, it is possible to perform a finishing coating, most often represented by linoleum or ceramic tiles. Basement not used as utility room, you can not fill it with a solution of sand and cement.
By putting into practice the above tips, the owner of a private wooden house can restore the destroyed foundation or completely replace it with a new, strong and durable foundation.
Repair of the old foundation of a wooden house updated: October 2, 2017 by: zoomfund
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