Do-it-yourself profile for sliding gates. Do-it-yourself sliding gates drawings and design

Ordering sliding gates is very expensive, especially if you do it in a small town. There are not so many specialists here and, in the absence of competition, they often significantly inflate the prices for their services. A big city also has its own difficulties - you turn to a company with low prices, there will be doubts about their qualifications and the quality of the final result. And the higher cost of the structure itself and its installation now, unfortunately, is not a guarantee good quality.

Schemes and drawings of sliding gates without automation

Properly designed and manufactured gates should open almost effortlessly. Good system rollers, together with a well-calculated weight distribution over the structure, result in a smooth and easy door movement along the guide beam. Consider, for example, a diagram that describes all the necessary elements and accessories for sliding gates.

1. Steel poles from a profiled pipe with dimensions 100x100 and a height of 4 meters in a concrete base
2. Metal poles are installed in concrete poles made using TISE technology (with an expanding sole from below)
3. Concrete foundation strip poured over the posts and containing approximately one and a half cubic meters concrete.
4. Right wheel group
5. Left wheel group
6. Upper wheel group for fixing the web and additional protection against falling
7. Metal carcass from a profiled pipe (60x40 or 40x25) with a wall thickness of 2 to 4 mm
8. Frame for the gate, made of a square tube 100x100 mm and a wall thickness of 3 mm. Fastened to the pole with long bolts at the level of the upper and lower faces
9. Wicket frame made of profiled pipe. The cross section of the pipes is the same as that of the gate frame
10. Ground level (asphalt, pavers)
11. Long channel welded to the lower beam of the door frame
12. Electric drive (optional)
13. Toothed rack for engagement with the flywheel of the electric drive
14. The location of the counterweight. Its mass is calculated based on the dimensions of the gate base.
15. Platforms for roller groups, fixed in the concrete foundation with the help of mortgages
16. Fence from profile pipe 60x40 or 40x25
17. Large and strong hinges
18. Hinges for gates. Must also be very durable.

This diagram shows a complete set of necessary parts to create a sliding gate. They can operate both on an automatic drive and open manually, without an electric motor.

One of the most technologically complex elements is the roller base. Most often, if there is an opportunity and resources to make sliding gates with your own hands, then the rollers are not made independently. The durability of the structure and ease of use will largely depend on their strength and reliability. And good rollers can be made only with sufficiently high skills in working with a lathe.

Therefore, the wheel base of sliding gates is usually purchased separately. Its cost is around 10,000 rubles. This amount includes a set of a guide beam (from 5 to 7 m), supports with 8 rollers on a metal base, an end roller, lower and upper gate catchers, a square bracket and a nylon roller. The complete device is capable of supporting gates weighing up to 500 kg. The photo below shows the Roltek Eco 6 kit as an example.

If you have the skill of precise processing metal parts on the machine, then you can make the rollers yourself. An example of a finished wheelbase with roller drawings made by a professional turner can be seen in the photo below.

When designing a specific gate, it is important to correctly calculate the dimensions of all frame parts so that it does not deform under its own weight during operation. Special attention should be given to the dimensions of the counterweight side, which will balance the main part of the frame visible from the outside. The aspect ratios are illustrated in the following diagram.

An example of a well-designed sliding gate with the exact dimensions of the opening and gate in the diagram below.

If you look at the structure from above, then the arrangement of the elements will look like this.

The set of fittings that will be required to connect the gate base into a single system includes such details.

Depending on the device specific model gate, the list of elements can be larger or smaller. There are also options for creating hanging sliding gates. In such designs, the frame moves on rollers fixed on top. They move in the upper horizontal guide. The inconvenience of this option is that the top bar limits the height of vehicles that can pass under it. Next, we will consider the method of manufacturing and installing simple sliding gates based on a factory roller base.

Step-by-step instructions for making sliding gates

There are many ways to make a sliding gate with your own hands. The technology proposed below is one of the options for carrying out work, which even a not very experienced master can do. To work with metal, you will definitely need a grinder and a welding machine. The rest of the tool is a list from the category necessary for pouring the foundation, drilling and painting the frame.

First of all, you need to make mortgages. They will be laid in the foundation and will become supports for attaching the roller base. A channel 16 cm wide is cut into segments 40-45 cm long. Then, with inside reinforcement bars with a diameter of 10 mm are welded to it.

Next, a hole is dug under the foundation about 60 cm wide, 2 meters long to a depth of 1.8 m. Formwork 30 cm high is made from several rows of boards. To protect the concrete, the entire pit is covered with glassine, which is fixed from above to the formwork using a construction stapler.

Mortgages are installed in the pit immediately, while the upper plane of the channel as a result should be on the same level with the finished concrete foundation. To achieve this, embeds can be tied to a horizontal bar that rests on the formwork. The final concrete level should be just below the top of the formwork. The pillars are also important to adjust in level and set at the same height. Each is 3 meters long.

While the base dries, you can start welding the door frame. The weight of the structure is quite large, and it will carry high loads, so a profile pipe with a section of 60x40 mm is required here. First, the perimeter was assembled in such a way that if you put it on the ground, the pipes will stand on the edge, that is, on the edge with a smaller cross section (40 mm).

Then sheets of corrugated board are laid out on the frame in order to establish where to place the vertical racks. The verticals and all internal jumpers are already welded flat, that is, in such a position of the frame, as in the photo, the pipes will lie with a larger edge on the ground. In this way, the internal elements are attached flush to one side of the frame, and there will be a small space on the other (note the areas highlighted in red).

A pipe with a section of 40x20 mm is welded into these empty places around the entire perimeter. It will serve as an additional base for fixing the corrugated board.

As for the sequence, after the manufacture of the verticals, the installation of the central horizontal crossbar is performed. Lastly, all the jibs are welded, previously cut at the right angle with the help of a grinder.

A guide beam with a groove in the lower part is welded to the lower edge of the frame (comes with rollers ROLTEK Eco 6). This is the guide of the future gate, in which the wheelbase will move.

When the whole structure is completely welded, you need to clean it from rust, if any. Carrying out work may take a certain time, and even if the pipe was originally purchased not rusty, then during the time spent in the open air, rust may form on it. The voids are sealed with acrylic sealant to prevent moisture from entering the frame. Then you can start painting it.

The movement of the frame will be carried out on rollers, which must be securely fixed on the foundation. To do this, channel No. 20 is welded to the surface of metal mortgages embedded in the foundation through 63 mm corners.

At the tops of the pillars, you also need to make frame travel stops. They are welded to the posts from above, and on the front side of the gate are additionally attached with a corner.

Poles, base channel and limiters are also painted with acrylic paint. Now you can install the frame in its place.

The wicket frame is made of a profile pipe 50x25 mm with an additional inner perimeter of the same pipe for fastening the profiled sheet. A separate rectangle is provided for installing the lock. For convenience, the dimensions of the door are taken equal to the size of the sheet of corrugated board, approximately 1.8x1.15 m.

The gate needs its own external frame, which is welded from a 60x40 mm pipe. First, the racks are attached to the gate with the help of clamps, after which all the marking, cutting and welding of the structure is performed. At the same stage, hinges are welded onto the frame and the gate.

A separate foundation must be dug to install the gate. Under the pillars are digging additional, more deep holes with the help of a drill.

Channel No. 16 is welded to the left post of the wicket frame. It will include a gate frame.

Gate catchers are welded to the channel from below and from above, which come complete with rollers.

To install the lock in the gate, you will need to make two restrictive plates - internal and external. The outer one is welded to the frame, and the inner one is fixed with bolts.

Now it remains only to remove the outer fence and sheathe the gate and gate with corrugated board.

Sliding gates have long been used only in industrial buildings, as it was believed that their design is complex. With the advent of new technical solutions and a wide selection of components, they began to gain popularity among developers. Now the installation of sliding gates is so simplified that their installation is available for do-it-yourself.

Sliding gate device

The design of sliding gates consists of a plane, or panel, which has the ability to move in a horizontal plane on rollers. Such gates are also called retractable or sliding.

Such a structure allows rational use of space: there are no overall doors, as in swing gates. The structure moves along the fence, so a minimum area is required for its operation. The device does not require laying rails, which eliminates contact with the ground surface. This is important in winter when it snows.

The standard design of sliding gates provides for mechanical opening and is available for independent execution. Modern designs are equipped with an automated drive, which makes their use more comfortable, but significantly increases the cost.

Ease of operation of such gates, as well as their reliability and durability, determine the wide popularity among developers. The design can be assembled from materials of different cost and texture, which makes it possible to create original gates without loss of quality and functionality.

If a decision is made to build gates equipped with automation, then you can easily purchase ready-made units at specialized outlets. Management of such systems occurs in manual or remote modes. Install circuit breakers for general protection, mount an alarm that works synchronously with the drive.

Choice of gate details

The right choice of accessories for sliding gates during self-assembly determines the reliability and durability of the structure. The gate consists of the following main elements:

• roller carriages;
• guide;
• holders and traps.

Before choosing sliding gate fittings, determine the space required for the sliding door. The choice of material is influenced by the load, it depends on the dimensions and weight of the product.

Sliding gates are classified depending on the size of the opening and weight:

• small (width up to 4 m and weight up to 0.4 t);
• medium (up to 6 m and 0.6 t);
• large (from 6 m and over 0.6 t).

If the gate belongs to the category with a weight of up to 400 kg, then the use of light materials is allowed: corrugated board or siding. Additional requirements no accessories. With a massive door structure, reinforced auxiliary elements must be used.

A mandatory requirement for the frame is its rigidity. This is due to the fact that in addition to the usual loads there is an increased windage. In order to reduce the mass, a profile pipe is widely used, and when choosing a web material, they are guided by its ability to withstand its own weight without deformation.

Foundation pouring

The installation of sliding gates requires the construction of a foundation. Its construction begins with markup. To determine the length of the base, measure half the size of the opening from the extreme point. The width of the foundation is taken about half a meter.

If the design of the fence is thorough, then its pillars can be used as supports. Otherwise, mounting of a reciprocal support is necessary. Moreover, a pit for it is made adjacent to the inside of the fence, but without reducing the width of the opening.

If you plan to install automation, then it is necessary to provide for the laying of a power cable. According to the rules of safe electrical work, it is placed in a pipe.

When excavating soil for the foundation, the freezing depth is taken into account: the foundation pit is carried out below this level.

It is recommended to build a base, which is based on an embedded part. Channel No. 16 is used as it, to which pieces of reinforcement with a diameter of 12 mm are welded at a right angle. Then a lattice of reinforcement of the same size is welded to the structure.

After assembling the embedded element, it is immersed in the pit so that the free ends of the reinforcement are directed downwards. In this case, the end of the channel should be in close contact with the fence post. The work is carried out with constant control of the horizontal position of the channel.

Installation of the embedded part takes place taking into account its position in relation to the horizon pavement. If they are on the same level, then the distance from the bottom of the canvas to the road surface will be about 100 mm. If necessary, it can be slightly increased using special linings for adjustment.

Reducing the gap will lead to an unacceptable violation of the fastening technology.

With an opening width exceeding 4.5 m, the installation of two supporting pillars is required. This will provide the necessary rigidity of the structure and will make it possible to work in conditions of high windage of the canvas.

The posts have a height equal to the distance from the foundation to the top of the gate plus 50 mm. To increase rigidity, the lower part of the supports and the mortgage are connected by welding.

During the pouring of concrete, the embedded part must not be completely covered. After that, it takes about three weeks for the concrete to harden and gain operational properties.

Step-by-step installation instructions for sliding gates

First, they indicate the path along which the gate will move. A stretched cord acts as a beacon. It is positioned so that the distance from the roadway is 200 mm, and 30 mm recede from the location of the response post. In this case, the cord plays the role of a guide for the correct location of the carrier profile.

The carriages with rollers prepared for installation are inserted into the bearing profile and shifted towards the central part of the door. Then the sash with carriages is installed in the embedded channel. After that, the supports are installed and adjusted so that they touch the cord. In this case, the parallelism of the relativity of both surfaces must be observed.

Fastening roller trolleys to the channel

When installing sliding gates, a crucial step is the correct fixation of the roller carriages. During this process, the following procedure must be observed.

The platform for adjusting the second carriage is connected by welding to the channel.

After that, having rolled out the gate into the opening, the actions are repeated and the platform of the first roller bearing is mounted.

The roller carriages are dismantled from their supports, which are then also removed from the platforms intended for adjustment.

After that, the mortgage is welded along the perimeter with the adjusting platforms and the roller supports are mounted to them. After that, the supports are connected and attached to the canvas.

To adjust the structure horizontally, the gate is completely closed.

The process consists in screwing or loosening the fastening of the platform with a wrench, which leads to a change and acceptance of the required position by the structure.

Free play adjustment

The roller supports are adjusted by loosening the nuts connecting the part to the adjustment platform. After loosening the fastening, it is necessary to move the gate several times in the closing and opening directions. In this way, the supports find a position that corresponds to their unhindered and easy movement. At the end of the adjustment, the previously loosened fasteners are securely tightened.

Mounting the end roller and plugs

The location of the end roller is the front side of the profile. For its fastening, a bolted connection is used.

The set of sliding gates has a plug, which is located on the rear of the profile. Fixing it is carried out by welding. The function of this element is to prevent the penetration of foreign objects and precipitation into the cavity of the bearing part, which makes it possible to achieve trouble-free operation of the mechanism.

To install the upper guide, you must first loosen the fastening of the rollers. After that, the bracket is mounted with the rollers and the top of the blade touching so that the mounting holes are facing the support post. The parts are pressed against each other and secured with a threaded connection.

Sheathing the door leaf with a profiled sheet

Having completed all the activities described above, you can begin to install the corrugated board on the frame, which is a frame. Before this, the marking and cutting of sheets is carried out, depending on the dimensions of the sliding gate.

The front edge of the gate is chosen as the starting point for attaching the profiled sheets. Self-tapping screws or rivets are used as fasteners. Moreover, the latter are preferable, since they are less susceptible to corrosion. The sequence of laying corrugated board implies the imposition of subsequent waves into the previous sheet.

Installation of traps

The final step in assembling sliding gates with your own hands is the installation of traps. The lower one is mounted after the gate is fully assembled, that is, when exposed to maximum effort. It takes on some of the loads, which facilitates the work of roller bearings. The place of its installation is determined with the gate completely closed, while the catcher and the end roller must be aligned.

The task of the top catcher is to prevent the web from swaying due to wind. The position of the protective corners serves as a reference for the place of its installation. In this case, the latter are installed so that the brackets of the catcher touch them.

Self-installation of automation

Do-it-yourself installation of automatic sliding gates requires general knowledge in the field of electrical engineering. If the existing knowledge is not sufficient, the accompanying documentation supplied with the drive will assist in this task.

Even during the design period, gate structures are determined with their type. In the case of installation of automatic gates, when pouring the base of the structure, cables are laid. For this purpose, special holes are made in the channel.

On the supports, the trajectory of wiring and placement of automation elements is marked. Further, the wires are mounted in accordance with the designated route.

An important parameter that determines the quality of the assembly of the structure is the gap between the gear and the teeth of the rack: it must correspond to the value specified by the manufacturer in the instructions.

When mounting the toothed rack, please note that it is delivered in a length of one meter. Therefore, when joining its sections, it is necessary that a whole tooth is obtained at the joints, which will prevent jamming when moving the web.

The crucial step is to connect the gate to the automation. It is recommended to immediately monitor the performance of the system during the connection of structural elements. If this is not done, then subsequently there will be difficulties in determining the area where the mistake was made.

Sliding gates are very popular at the present time, although in the recent past, few could afford to install such a structure on the site, due to the high cost of fittings and mechanisms. Now their cost is much lower and availability is higher, and a person with welding skills can make them with their own hands. The absence of upper and lower guides in sliding gates gives an advantage to the passage of vehicles of almost any size.

Sliding gates - principle of operation and design

The principle of operation of the gate: the leaf moves on two roller carts mounted on a concreted channel. Top rollers are used to protect against falling and tilting. In the closed state, to relieve the load from the roller bearings, an end roller is installed on the guide, which drives into the lower catcher when the gate is closed. The upper catcher is installed for more reliable fixation of the gate in the closed state. The full size of the gate is 150% of the width of the opening, that is, if we have an opening of 4 m, then the total width of the gate leaf will be 6 m and, accordingly, the place for rollback should be at least 6 m. Perhaps this is the main drawback of this type of gate and if there is not enough places it is worth considering other options.

Design drawing and diagram

Before manufacturing the gate, it is necessary to determine the dimensions of the future gate, make a drawing indicating these dimensions. The gate consists of a power frame and a crate (internal frame). The frame is usually made of a rectangular profile pipe 60*30 mm and 2 mm thick, and pipes 60*40 mm or 50*50 mm can also be used if the required size is not available. For the inner frame, a profile pipe 40 * 20 or 30 * 20 is suitable, depending on which one is available.

An example of a connection diagram for gate parts:

Selection and calculation of materials with fittings

Let's take the drawing above as an example. For the frame we will use profiled pipes of rectangular section 60 * 30 with a thickness of 2 mm. We calculate the total length of the pipe for the frame based on the dimensions in the drawing 4200 * 2 + 1800 + 1865 \u003d 12065 mm, we calculate the length of the hypotenuse of the triangular part using the formula c \u003d √b 2 + a 2 √1800 2 +1865 2 \u003d 2591 mm, 12065 + 2591 =14656 mm. The total turned out to be 14.66 meters in meters, this is with regard to the frame.

For the inner frame, we take a pipe 40 * 20 and now we calculate the total length 4200 * 3 + 1865 * 4 = 2060 mm or 20.6 m. All dimensions are taken with a small cape.

Fittings are complex and unprofitable in self-manufacturing and is usually bought in stores of the corresponding profile. When choosing accessories, you need to know the approximate weight future design for competent selection of rollers that can easily withstand this weight.

Almost any material can be used for the internal lining of the gate, but most often a profile sheet is used for these purposes, popularly called "corrugated board". Decking can be ordered in any size and color, it is quite light and has an anti-corrosion coating. For the gate in our example, you need a sheet with dimensions of 7.833 m 2. To fasten the corrugated board, you will need self-tapping screws with a drill or rivets. For a mortgage, you need to purchase a section of a channel with a width of 16–20 cm and a length equal to half the opening of the gate, in our case at least 2 meters. The reinforcement for the foundation frame should be taken with a diameter of 12–16 mm and a length of 15. To mix concrete for the foundation, you will need cement, sand and crushed stone in a ratio of 1: 2.1: 3.9. For the foundation of the gate from the example, 0.5 m 3 of concrete is needed.

Required Tool

• Welding machine, preferably semi-automatic.
• Bulgarian with cutting and grinding discs.
• Screwdriver or riveter.
• Hammer, tape measure, white marker.
• Concrete mixer, bayonet and shovel.
• Protection for eyes and hands.

Do-it-yourself instructions for the manufacture and installation of sliding gates

First you need to cut the pipes according to the dimensions given in the drawing, using a grinder. Be sure to use protective equipment.

When finished cutting, lay the pipes on a horizontal surface or stands, as in the figure above, to form a frame according to the drawing. After making sure that the layout is correct, we weld all the corners of the frame at several points, then completely weld the joints. Now you need to grind the places of the welds. The inner surface of the frame, where the frame will be attached, must first be primed with an anti-corrosion primer, since later, when the frame rises, access will be impossible.

Using the same method, we weld the frame and also clean and prime it only from the outside.

Connecting the frame to the frame

First, let's decide how the gate leaf will be sewn up - only from the front or from both sides. If only from the front, the frame should be welded flush with the front side of the frame, when from two, then in the middle. Let's take both sides. We measure the distance and make marks inside the frame where the frame should be. Inside the frame lying horizontally, we lay the finished frame in the middle of the frame, adjusting it according to the marks with substrates from pieces of a wooden bar. Adjusted, checked, now you need to connect the frame to the frame with welding points around the perimeter in increments of about 45–60 cm so that the frame and frame do not lead. We weld in sections of 1 cm crosswise until the step between them is 15-16 cm, and only then we weld the joints completely. Now we will weld the guide rails from the hardware kit to the bottom of the frame. We will weld in the same way as the frame to the frame.

Painting

The next step is to prepare the frame for painting. First, we clean all the welds with a grinder to an acceptable look. Degrease the entire frame and prime with an anti-corrosion primer. After the primer layer has dried, you can start painting. For painting, it is better to use alkyd enamels, but they are also quite suitable. acrylic paints. You can paint with a spray gun, brush or small roller. Coloring is carried out in 2 layers, applying the next layer after the previous one has dried.

sheathing

You can start sewing the door leaf. We fix the profile sheet, cut to size, with self-tapping screws with a drill or rivets. First, we fix the sheet in the corners, and then fasten it around the perimeter and along the inner frame in increments of 15–20 cm.

Foundation

You can start pouring the foundation. We dig a hole with a length of at least half of the gate opening, in our case at least 2 m, a width of 0.5 m and a depth of 0.7–1 m. We start preparing the mortgage - there is nothing complicated here. Here's what the finished mortgage looks like:

We place the mortgage in the pit and check with a level that the channel is in a horizontal plane and on the same level with the yard area, so we will provide an even base for the carriages. We mix concrete with a concrete mixer in the proportion: 1 part of cement, 2.1 sand, 3.9 crushed stone. The resulting brand of concrete M250. We fill the hole completely, not forgetting to often pierce the concrete with a piece of reinforcement or a wooden lath for better penetration and filling voids. The foundation must stand for at least 10 days, and the total period of drying and curing of concrete is 28 days. The next day and the next 3-4 days, it is necessary to water the foundation with water to avoid cracking the concrete.

Mounting

The foundation is ready - you can proceed with the installation. On the mortgage we place 2 carriages at the maximum distance from each other. We expose the gate on the carriages, inserting them into the guide rail. Now you need to adjust the carriages. The one closest to the opening is placed so that the gate, when fully opened, does not reach its edge 15-20 cm to the carriage. Another carriage is placed so that when the gate is fully closed, their edge does not reach the carriage by 5 cm. We check the installation with a level and tack it with welding. When we checked that the whole structure is right, we weld the joint of the carriage and the mortgage completely.

The next steps are to fasten the remaining parts. The upper protective rollers are attached to the mortgage in the post, if it is provided, when there is no mortgage, you must first fix the metal plate on the anchor bolts, it will act as a mortgage. The top rollers are usually welded to the mortgage.

It is possible to weld a pipe section 30*20 on top of a 60 * 30 pipe and weld the upper rollers to it. In this way, we will get a more reliable mount.

On the opposite post, we attach to the mortgages a section of a profile pipe 30 * 20 with a length equal to the height of the gate leaf, and directly to the pipe the upper and lower catchers. We fix the lower catcher 5 mm higher than the end roller is located, so that when hitting the catcher, the gate rises, thus partially removing the load from the carriages.

The upper catcher is attached to the pipe 5-7 cm below the top of the gate to protect it from fluctuations in the wind.

The guide is closed on one side and the other with rubber plugs that come with the fittings.

Automatic gate opening

For ease of use, you can make an automatic drive for opening the gate, nowadays the market offers a large selection of such drives, and choosing something for yourself with a good price-quality balance is not difficult. It is best to entrust the installation of the drive to a specialist in this matter, although you can figure it out yourself, since the drive goes detailed instructions for connecting the engine itself, sensors and mounting the gear rack.

The power of the purchased drive, depending on the weight of the sliding gate, can be found in the table:

Table: dependence of motor power on gate weight

But still it is better to buy a drive with a power reserve.

Automatic sliding gates:

Video: do-it-yourself sliding gates

It is no secret that sliding gates designed and assembled independently will cost much less than those ordered from a company for the production and installation of such gates. We control the quality of execution ourselves, so that everything can be adjusted to millimeters, thereby producing a quality product for our own use.

There is a lot of incomplete information on the Internet on the installation of sliding gates with your own hands, after reading it, the progress of work or the installation of sliding gates is not particularly clear.

In this manual, we will try to visually demonstrate the installation of cantilever sliding gates from and to, and help you calculate the height and width of the gate for you.

To proceed with the installation, you need drawings, there is no one drawing for all gates, it all depends on the width and height of the opening in the fence.

Sliding gate fittings

The first thing you can start assembling the gate with is the fittings, but only after calculating the weight and dimensions of the gate, the fittings can be purchased separately or made with your own hands from bearings, the fittings kit includes:

1. guide rail is usually 6 m long;
2. 2 roller bearings
3. 1 top roller bracket to avoid the swing of the gate;
4. 1 end roller;
5. 1 end roller catcher, so that the gate docks correctly during the wind and does not break the automation.

Additional accessories for fittings:

• Mounting and adjusting support for roller bearings.
• Mechanical lock.
• Rack toothed.
• Fastening element for toothed rack.

Now about the load. Kits are different, for different weights of the gate, see the table, it shows the dependence of the weight and width of the gate.

These data will be useful to you when choosing accessories, but most craftsmen try to make all the details with their own hands, since the kit is not cheap.

To make the hardware yourself, you need to know where and why it is attached, read about it below.

How to choose quality fittings

Main part, guide rail, the best choice there will be a rail of a European manufacturer. A good quality item has a mirror-smooth surface and clear geometric shapes. The part must be galvanized, free of scale and rust on its surface. A quality guide has a metal thickness of 3.5 mm to 5 mm.

When choosing roller bearings, pay attention that they are made entirely of metal, plastic or rubberized ones will not last long. All geometric shapes of the metal must be correct, the slightest deviation indicates a poor-quality assembly.

As for the rest of the metal parts, they must be coated with zinc, the shade of the zinc must be uniform, minimum thickness metal 3-4 mm.

Sliding gate dimensions

The cost of fittings will depend on the size and weight of the sliding gate. The width is calculated in this way, another 50% of the width is added to the width of the opening in the fence. For example, you have an opening width of 4 meters, divide by 2, we get 2 meters + 4 meters opening width, the total length of the guide rail will be 6 meters.

To make it easier to understand and remember, I propose a formula and a diagram:

• B - opening width;
• A - counterweight length;
• L is the length of the guide rail.

After you have decided on the size of the frame, you can begin to manufacture it, the frame is made of a profiled metal pipe 40x40x2 mm and 40x20x2 mm for the inner crate. For aluminum frames, a profile from 60 mm is used.

It is better to make the height of the gate frame equal to the length of the corrugated board. Decking is better to choose tougher. Before fixing the corrugated board to the frame, drill holes in the frame half the diameter of the roofing screw, since the self-tapping screw may not drill the profiled pipe of the frame, blind rivets can be used instead of self-tapping screws.

The width of the lower profiled tube must match the width of the guide rail.

If you have a gate width of more than 4 meters, then it is better to use rectangular pipes to assemble the base of the frame!

The photo below shows how to properly make a frame for different widths of the opening.

Gate foundation

It is quite easy to determine the size of the foundation, since it has a length equal to 1/2 of the width of the opening, according to the formula:

• B - opening width;
• L is the length of the foundation;

If everything is simple with the length of the foundation, then with the installation we have many options.

The foundation can be made of the following materials:

• Monolithic U-shaped.
• Monolithic solid.
• From screw piles.

In montage monolithic foundation there are also small features, you can use reinforcement welded to the channel, anchor bolts or long threaded studs.

Consider the option with a channel (power frame), it can be with one or two supporting pillars or without them, in both cases the power frame is attached flush to the existing fence posts. The height of the supporting posts corresponds to the height of the gate itself + the height of the roller bearings. The use of two supporting pillars near the power frame is advisable for wide gates that are strongly swayed by the wind. If support pillars are not provided, then metal mortgages are made into the stone fence instead.

In the photo, laying the foundation.

Scheme without metal racks.

Location of carrier rollers

In order to evenly set the power frame on the opposite side, where the support post with the end roller catcher is located, retreat 10 cm (post thickness) from the fence and pull the cord to the last corner of the channel, along its entire length, the edge of the channel should repeat the line of the cord.

Gate installation and adjustment

After the load frame is ready for use, level the roller bearings, install the upper roller bracket, the installation depends on the design of the bracket.

To determine in advance where to mount the lower trap, a guide rail without a gate is put on the roller bearings. The lower trap is designed not only to hold the gate horizontally, but also to remove the load from the roller bearings; for this, the end roller must roll into the trap so that the gate rises 3-5 mm.

If, after installing the frame, the end roller sags a lot, adjust the roller bearings.

If everything is done correctly, but you have not achieved the correct operation of the sliding gate, then most likely you do not have a high-quality set of fittings, it is designed for a different weight, or the frame is assembled incorrectly, because of this, the gate sags heavily and cannot fall into the lower trap.

After all the above mechanisms are adjusted, you can proceed with the installation of automation. The video below shows how you can make an electric drive with your own hands.

Let's start with the gear rack, they are metal and nylon, metal is naturally better and more reliable. Their thickness varies from 8 to 30 mm. Standard size slats 1 meter. For fastening, use the number of rails equal to the width of the opening + 1 rail for automatic limit switches. The gap between the teeth of the drive gear and the rack should be 1-2 mm. The rack is attached to the bottom tube of the door frame using a fastener for the toothed rack. Holes in the rail allow it to be adjusted in height.

There are two options for fastening the toothed rack in the picture, we do not recommend attaching the rack to the guide rail, during welding, the guide may bend, if bolts are screwed into the guide, this can also cause difficulties during installation and during operation of the gate.

Fasteners are often welded, although there is a special C-profile for the rack for their fastening. Pictured below are both options.

If you buy an electric drive, then 4 meters of gear rack are included in the kit.

For those who do not want to spend money on a gear rack, it can be replaced with a bicycle chain or, as shown in one of the videos, a Zhiguli chain.

Gate automation

Both retractable and swing can open automatically. Their operation is controlled by a remote control and switches installed in the house, and possibly at the gate. One remote control can start not only the gate, but also the garage door, and even lighting. Automatic drives consist of an electric motor, a moving rack and a control device. They can be purchased as a separate device, although it is better to order them immediately with the gate. Then you will be sure that the drive was correctly selected and there will be no surprises during assembly.

Sliding gates require one motor to move the toothed rack attached to the bottom edge of the leaf. And for sliding gates, two cylinders are required, one is attached to each of the wings. The drive has a mechanism that allows you to open the gate in the event of a power failure. Modern drives can be powered by a battery charged from the mains or solar battery. The gates open automatically and require the installation of devices that ensure the safety of their use. Photocells are needed, thanks to which the leaves do not move when an obstacle appears in their path. A signal lamp installed in a conspicuous place will inform you that the gate is opening or closing.

Drive selection

When choosing a drive, it is important that the gears of the gearbox are made of steel or brass, but not plastic or silumin. The second important element is the limit switch, it controls the points to which the gate can be opened and closed, the limit switch can be mechanical and reed switch (magnetic), as practice has shown, the mechanical one can freeze in winter. As a rule, the quality of drive parts depends on its power, the higher the power of the drive, the better its assembly. As for the carrying capacity, it is indicated in the documentation.

Basic equipment of the drive:

• 4 meters of gear rack;
• photocells;
• signal lamp;
• remote control and receiver;
• mounting plate.

For those who do not know what photocells are for, they are 2 sensors that are mounted along the edges of the gate. When an obstacle appears between the photocells, the gate opens or closes, depending on how you program the automation.

Installation of automation

The first step is to weld or screw on the mounting plate for mounting the drive, it is supplied with the drive, it can be used to adjust the height and angle of the drive.

After mounting the drive, magnetic sensors, photocells and a signal lamp are mounted. As a rule, drives are connected to the network 220 and after software configuration they are immediately ready for operation.

Sliding (sliding, sliding) gates are a more technologically advanced alternative to swing gates. It is more difficult to make gates with a sliding mechanism than swing gates, but ease of use and appearance will point to a modern private house.

Before you figure out how to make sliding gates from corrugated board, you need to consider what types of devices are and trace the evolution of their formation.

Types and types of sliding gates

device and design features mechanisms and methods of installation.

Opening method:

• sliding gate- consist of two wings that move off in opposite directions. Visually similar to swing gates and combine the advantages of swing and sliding gates;

• sliding gates(self-supporting) - consist of one canvas (rarely two) that move off in one direction.

The main advantage of sliding gates is that they do not require a lot of free space for operation. Among the advantages - the ability to connect automation, a more modern look, ease of sliding even in the presence of snow.

According to the degree of mechanization:

• manual rollback(mechanical gate opening). It is absolutely easy to move the sliding gate leaf. If you are going to make a sliding gate with your own hands, many prefer manual gate rollback;

• automatic rollback. When designing and installing gates, the need for electricity supply and installation of additional mechanisms is taken into account. Automation for sliding gates consists of: remote control, electric drive, electric cable, photocells, signal lamp.

Guide type:

• hanging type. In this case, the guide is installed from above, which limits the height of the gate;

• console type. Sliding gates of this type are characterized by the installation of a guide frame at the bottom of the structure.

The simplest are gates mounted on a rail (fig. on the left). The option is simple, but not very convenient, because. the bottom rail needs constant care. Otherwise, debris caught in the sled will cause the rollers to come off and eventually damage the mechanism. More modern version devices - sliding gates with a floating rail (fig. on the right).

It is about how to make sliding gates from corrugated board on floating rails that will be discussed in the article.

Do-it-yourself sliding gates from corrugated board

Step-by-step instruction for the manufacture of sliding gates for summer cottages and private houses.

Stage 1 - project of sliding gates from corrugated board

The design of sliding gates is complex, which means that visualization is necessary, i.e. you need to make a sketch or drawing.

Sketch of sliding gates from corrugated board

A sketch is a picture showing the appearance of the gate, with the designation of the main elements, but without drawing dimensions. Design begins with a sketch drawing.

The scheme of sliding gates from corrugated board

A schematic drawing is a cross between a sketch and a drawing, i.e. a picture that gives an idea of ​​the gate and allows you to apply dimensions. The disadvantage of the scheme is that the proportions are not maintained. However, for those who do not have drawing skills, the sliding gate scheme will be a reliable help.

Drawing of sliding gates from corrugated board

The drawing is mandatory provided by construction teams when ordering a service - turnkey installation. A drawing is a document that contains key parameters future gates: the width of the opening, the width of the gate and the counterweight, the dimensions and location of the gate, the number of wings, the specifics of opening, additional elements, as well as all dimensions.

Important. A gate made of corrugated board, mounted in the gate leaf, is thought out at the stage of project development.

Stage 2 - calculation of sliding gates from corrugated board

For the normal functioning of sliding gates, it is necessary to correctly calculate the parameters of their main elements:

Gate weight

The mass of sliding gates has a direct effect on all load-bearing elements. The total mass consists of the weight of the frame, the counterweight (shank), the weight of the skin, the weight of the decorative elements. If it is planned to manufacture a gate from corrugated board with an internal wicket, the weight of the frame and the material of the wicket is taken into account. The weight of locks and automation, although not so significant, should not be neglected in the calculations either.

It is possible to reduce the weight of the gate leaf by arranging two wings. Those. instead of retractable, make sliding gates.

For example, the weight of a 4-meter gate, welded from a pipe with a section of 60x20, sheathed with corrugated board on one side, is about 200 kg.

Pillars for sliding gates

For support poles, a large-section metal pipe is suitable.

Console length (guide rail or beam)

The length is determined by the width of the opening plus ½ of the length of the counterweight (shank). It is not recommended to decrease this parameter, because the recoil mechanism wears out quickly. With a door width of 4,000 mm. the length of the console will be 6,000 mm. Thus, the side of the fence on which the door leaf will enter must be longer than 6,000 mm.

If the fence is shorter, two gate leaves should be made with two counterweights and automation kits. This increases the cost of the sliding gate, but will allow it to "fit" in the given dimensions (the length of the fence next to the gate). Otherwise, you need to install .

A counterweight of ¼ of the door width is only possible when using the console roller guides.

Advice. If the entrance to the courtyard is located on a narrow street, it is advisable to make the opening and the gate wider to provide free room for maneuver.

Influence of the weight of sliding gates on the parameters of the guide rail (console)

accessories

The heavier the gate - the stronger you need to purchase accessories. This will avoid its deformation and distortion of the gate during operation.

Automation

The more massive the leaf leaf, the more powerful you need to take the automation. In turn, automation for sliding gates is selected taking into account the power reserve. Therefore, when buying, you need to add 100 kg to the weight of the gate.

Influence of the weight of sliding gates on the parameters of the electric drive (power)

Stage 3 - materials and tools

We give data on the number building material, for the manufacture of sliding gates from a profiled sheet measuring 4,000 x 2,000 mm.

Estimate for the consumption of materials and funds for the installation of sliding gates

* Decking. The height is equal to the height of the sash, the width depends on the type. For wall corrugated board, the working width is from 1000 to 1190 mm. For a gate 4 m wide, you will need 4 sheets 2 m high. It is preferable to take a painted profiled sheet. Its service life is much longer and the appearance is more beautiful.

Separately, we will dwell on what elements the sliding gate mechanism includes. In general terms, these are accessories and automation.

Sliding gate fittings are a set (set) of elements that ensure the functioning of the gate leaf.

Sliding gate beam (console or guide rail)

Sold in size 6, 7, 8 m.p. The guide beam is welded to the frame tube from below. Guide rollers are placed inside the console, which are responsible for the movement of the gate leaf.

Advice. When buying a console, ask about the warranty and pay attention to the quality of the metal, its thickness, geometry. Otherwise, the rail will bend and the gate leaf will jam. Masters warn if in the section of the cantilever beam for sliding gates a square is a fake. The factory console has a complex geometric shape.

Rollers for sliding gates (roller carriages)

Mounted on the top and bottom of the frame. The upper roller keeps the sash in a horizontal position and prevents the leaf from swinging. Lower support - mounted at the end of the console (beam). The support rollers are responsible for holding the sash in the closed position. And also, for preventing its sagging and spontaneous opening. The rollers are rigidly fixed on the foundation.

Advice. Good quality plastic shell rollers are more durable. In addition, they muffle the rumble when the gate moves, and protect the base of the roller from damage.

High-quality material for rollers is indelible plastic or chrome vanadium steel. But to a greater extent, the quality is influenced by the manufacturer.

Sliding gate catcher (top and bottom catcher)

Catchers accept the gate frame when closing. Also designed to keep the sash from sagging.

End caps for guide rail

Plastic plugs are installed at opposite ends of the console.

Sliding gate automation

Selected based on specifications specified by the manufacturer. Includes a drive, which can be of several types:

• belt drive- relatively cheap, but the belt wears out quickly, it can burst from temperature changes;

• chain drive- a little more expensive, but the chain is prone to sagging and requires care;

• gear drive- the most reliable. The toothed rack guarantees that the gate will not be opened from the outside, but at the same time, it will not open if the power goes out. Automation with gear drive can be installed on gates with wicket doors made of corrugated board.

Advice. Masters recommend buying a mechanism for sliding gates in the kit. So it is easier to choose a complete set and take into account its bearing capacity. Good feedback about such manufacturers: CAME (Italy), Rolling-Center (Italy), DOORHAN (Russia), ROLTEK (Russia).

Stage 4 - installation of sliding gates from corrugated board

Do-it-yourself installation of sliding (sliding) type gates without automation

Foundation for the gate

The foundation is poured under the liner.

A 200 mm channel is laid close to the post, and a 160 mm channel is laid with an indent of 50 mm from the support post.

Installation of mortgages in poles is carried out "flush" with brickwork(facing of supporting pillars).

How to make a foundation for a sliding gate

To properly fill the base, you need to perform a number of actions:

• prepare the soil (remove the top layer of soil);

• dig a trench. Depth and width 500 mm, the length of the recess is ½ the width of the gate opening. For a sash with a width of 4 r.m. need a trench 2 meters long;

• drill two holes that are designed to install support pillars. Drilling depth - 1/3 of the length of the pipe, usually 1300-500 mm. The width of the hole depends on the reinforcement. It is recommended that the hole diameter be 2.5 times the pipe diameter/section. The result of earthworks will be a U-shaped recess;

• make a sand-gravel pillow in the recesses (at the bottom of the pits for pillars). Backfill height 50-100 mm;

• pour concrete mortar;

• along the bottom of the trench (between the supporting pillars), equip a sand and gravel cushion;
• tie and lay reinforcement;

• concrete.

There is a second option for building a foundation for sliding gates - using a channel. This is the so-called foundation mortgage.

The method also involves digging trenches and vertical holes. But in this case, in addition to the supporting pillars, reinforcement is laid in the holes, welded to the channel, which will serve as the foundation, and the entire structure is concreted from above.

Advice.
The level of pouring concrete must match the level of the channel. Otherwise, water will accumulate in this place. The material was prepared for the site www.site

While the concrete will harden, you can begin to manufacture the frame.

Installation of sliding gates - frame (leaf frame)

By configuration, the frame is a one-sided trapezoid.

How to weld a frame (frame) for sliding gates

• cut metal blanks for welding the sliding gate frame. Please note that workpieces forming a right angle are welded at an angle of 45 °. Perpendicular - at an angle of 90 °. So, they need to be cut accordingly.

  Advice. Beginners who do not have great experience in welding work, craftsmen advise cutting at an angle only those workpieces that will be located on top of the frame. This will prevent water from entering the frame frame. The lower ones can be welded at a right angle.

• clean iron blanks from rust, dirt, etc.;

• weld together all the elements according to the drawing. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that welding is carried out with “pokes”, and a continuous weld is not used (the structure can lead from it). In addition, with the spot welding method, it is easier to dismantle the frame for repair or reconstruction (“points” are cut off by a grinder).

  Only after there is no doubt about the accuracy of the dimensions and geometry of the structure can the final welding be carried out with a continuous seam;

• workpieces and welding spots are ground;

• anti-corrosion primer treatment.

If necessary, the frame is additionally (at the welding stage) reinforced with longitudinal / perpendicular crossbars or a scarf - steel sheet welded at the corners of the structure.

Advice. The reinforcement of the triangle that is formed on one side of the frame (shank) occurs by installing a stiffener in such a way that the right angle is divided in half.

Installation of a beam for sliding gates

The cantilever (guide) beam is welded to the bottom of the frame. Rubber plugs are installed on its edges. Without plugs, debris will enter the console, which will make it difficult for the sash to move along the guide rollers.

Installation of fittings for sliding gates

• a flashing is attached to the support post - a corner of 150x150 mm or a channel;
• traps (upper and lower) are attached to the flashing;
• on the foundation mortgage (installed channel), rollers (holding carriages) are mounted. The rollers are installed as far apart as possible;
• a console is put on the carriage;
• traps are finally adjusted;
• installation of accessories and / or automation (drive) is carried out.

Installation of corrugated board

Sheathing of the gate with a profiled sheet is carried out in accordance with the installation technology.