A variety of materials are used to finish doorways, sometimes you don’t even think that it’s possible, but people, in an effort to have something individual, different from others, come up with and embody the most different ideas. Qualitatively designed slopes complete the overall composition and allow it to look as beautiful and organic as possible.
This event can be performed by a specialist, or you can do this business yourself, with the right approach, there is nothing complicated about it, only desire and accuracy are required. Some door manufacturers offer to make slopes from the same material as the door. Perhaps this is the most preferred option, because this way the door and slopes will look like one. However, this approach is quite expensive, which means that it makes sense to consider alternative options. So, most often slopes are made out by their plastering for painting or wallpapering.
If the slopes look just awful, you can level them with drywall. This option is especially good if you have never dealt with plaster before.
Also often used to design door slopes plastic panels . To do this, you need to build a simple frame, for example, a bar with a section of 2x4 cm is suitable, panels (PVC panels) are attached to it.
Door sills can be trimmed natural wood, because wood never goes out of fashion, and wood products with proper care last for many years.
Finishing slopes from MDF allows you to achieve maximum compliance with the slope of the door. Such a slope will look very high quality (with correct installation and the use of high-quality materials), in addition, it will not be scary to press on it, to lean on it, because in the case of plastic, the slope will “walk” a little. An alternative can be a laminated clapboard finish based on fiberboard.
Slopes can also be finished with tiles, this will be most relevant in areas such as a bathroom or pool.
Often the slopes are trimmed
Consider finishing the door slopes with laminate. In some cases, it looks really good. In this case, you can use the same laminate that lies on the floor. In fact, there can be many options, because the laminate is sometimes alternated, inserting various elements, you can do the same with a slope. Doors can also combine a couple of colors and this can be used. In general, we connect fantasy.
Finishing door slopes with artificial or natural stone. This option is especially suitable for finishing slopes on the basement floor, in the basement, as well as for finishing slopes. front door from the side of the street.
In addition to the above options, people often come up with and successfully implement their ideas, and slopes are made practically from improvised materials or, conversely, from extremely rare and original ones. The main condition when choosing a material for finishing a door slope is the strength characteristics of this material.
Interior doors in wide openings: design, materials, design
In the design of luxury apartments and houses, wide doorways are a frequent occurrence. They are immediately included in the project at the development stage or are performed in the process of redevelopment of the finished interior. Let's talk about the main options for interior doors for non-standard passages.
Wide opening dimensions
The maximum dimensions of a typical single-leaf block are 220 × 110 cm. If the passage cannot be closed with such a canvas, they are installed here interior doors with a wide opening. In private interiors, this is a way to emphasize the ceremonial atmosphere of the living room, dining room, office.
Advantages of wide doors
Due to the design features, such models are attractive for home design:
- in the open state, they visually expand the living area, the neighboring rooms are combined into one large one;
- facilitate movement around the apartment or house;
- help daylight penetrate windowless halls and corridors;
- installed on large openings (up to 4 meters wide), act as a partition;
- mirror finish adds visual volume to the room.
In order for the wide interior doors to the room to show the declared advantages, and the interior space to be conveniently transformed, it is important to choose the right mechanism for opening the sash.
Classification of wide doors by opening method
Interior design uses the following types of structures:
- swing;
- sliding;
- folding;
- swinging.
Swing
The traditional option for arranging an interior passage. Models are comfortable in operation, guarantee good sound insulation. A single-leaf structure is installed in a doorway with standard dimensions, doors in wide openings are double-leaf. Products look beautiful in spacious rooms, they are usually chosen for houses and apartments with a classic interior: high ceilings, two-height living rooms, natural wood trim.
The hinged door leaf is hinged to the vertical rack of the box, the mechanism of operation is simple and reliable. An elastic seal placed along the contour will ensure maximum tightness. In terms of design, double wide interior doors do not differ from single ones: the load produced by the leaf is distributed evenly on the frame.
The main difference of the swing type is that free space is required when plowing. When there is not enough space in the room, this view will not work. When buying accessories, it is important to know the orientation of the door: "right" is called a model that opens from itself to the right; "left" - to the left.
Folding: "book" option
Wide doors can have a design of two canvases fastened with hinges. One leaf is attached to the vertical of the door frame, the second - moves with the help of a roller along a rail laid in a horizontal crossbar. When opened, the doors fold like the pages of a book.
Both canvases can have equal width or be asymmetrical, due to which the sash protruding into the room takes less space. Compared to swing models, a folding "book" needs 3 times less free space to function. Another plus of this option: you can put cabinets or a chest of drawers close to the wide doorway.
The disadvantage is low sound insulation and tightness. The problem will be solved by special seals (brush and rubber) placed on the side and upper edges of the wings.
Folding: variant "accordion"
The doors of this model are reminiscent of vertical blinds. consist of several narrow canvases 16-20 cm wide, connected by hinges. The outermost of the plates is attached to the wall, the opposite one is equipped with rollers and moves along the guide in the upper or lower part of the door frame. When folded, the panels are arranged parallel to each other and occupy a minimum of space. The movement of the canvases is soft, silent. To fix the sash at a certain point, stoppers are used.
Such interior doors to a wide opening do not require free space along the wall (as is the case with sliding products), because the "accordion" is compactly assembled inside the passage. The folding model consists of one or two wings that move in different directions.
For ease of movement along the guides, the models are made of lightweight materials, for example, bamboo. To completely close the wide doorway of the interior door, the dimensions of the "accordion" can be increased by attaching additional panels to the sash. Such manipulations may not be necessary, because. on the market you can find products with a width of one canvas of 3 meters.
Disadvantages of the option:
- Folding structures, having low tightness, let smells and sounds through. They perform a more decorative function, so it is convenient to use them as temporary partitions, when arranging niches or dressing rooms.
- Of all types of opening, this one is equipped with the most numerous fasteners. Over time, components become loose, reducing the life of the blade.
Sliding
Such models are installed when you need to save usable space and swing-type mounting is not possible. Wide sliding interior doors have the following design:
- guide with stoppers;
- roller carriages attached to the upper edge of the sash;
- guide flag at the bottom, wound into a special groove of the canvas.
You can install the roller hanger on any serial door. The lower flag prevents the sash from swinging from side to side, securely fixing it in a vertical position.
Sliding models consist of one or two canvases that move parallel to the plane of the wall. At double wide interior doors, the leaves move in one direction or in the opposite direction.
Three ways to move door panels:
- in the opening;
- into the wall;
- along the wall.
In the first case, one of the wings moves to the side, but remains within the wide doorway. The "along the wall" installation uses external guides on which the door slides outside the wall. With the “into the wall” option, you need to decide whether the canvases will move in one direction or in the opposite direction - the first method is more economical, because. you will have to intervene in the wall structure only from one edge of the opening.
Of all types of models, these are the safest: even with a sharp opening, the trajectory of the web movement eliminates injury. It is useful to equip wide double-leaf sliding doors with a synchronizer. A simple device, when opening the first sash, automatically moves the second, facilitating efforts.
Thanks to the roller mechanism, doors in wide openings are rationally used usable area, for small spaces this is a profitable option. Wooden, glass, composite canvases look organically in modern and classic apartments, in spacious rooms they play the role of partitions for zoning.
Disadvantages of the models:
- sliding doors are noisier than swing doors, let in odors, retain heat worse;
- the arrangement of a plasterboard partition, inside which the canvas will move according to the "into the wall" method, will require additional costs and effort;
- with the cheapest option "along the wall", a mandatory indent of 6-8 cm will be required, so it will not work to place the furniture here closely;
- in the case of installation "in the opening" one half of the passage will be permanently closed;
- for safe operation when installed "into the wall" and "along the wall", a part of the wide interior door protrudes into the passage by 8-10 cm, otherwise there is a risk of pinching fingers when opening.
rocking
They swing open in both directions due to the special structure of the box and the installation of a return mechanism with special loops. Appropriate on the border of frequently visited rooms. For a wide opening choose doors with two wings.
Due to the lack of a vestibule, they have low sound insulation and airtightness, so they are not placed in the kitchen. They also require a lot of space to open freely in both directions. Rarely used in home interiors.
Stationary structures
We are talking about transoms and lateral fixed leaves, they can be combined with any type of door. Rectangular and arched transoms, mounted on top of interior doors with a wide opening, visually increase the height of the block. The fixed side parts - usually smaller than the main sash - narrow the opening to a comfortable size, but still let sunlight into the adjacent rooms. This technique is often used in classical design.
Materials for the production of wide interior doors
The type of material, technology and processing method affect the performance, durability and cost of the product.
- Wood
Natural wood models are the most expensive. They use pine, cherry, birch (this is a budget option), oak, walnut, teak, alder, beech (valuable species). Interior doors for wide openings in the premium class they are made of ebony, mahogany, rosewood. The array is glued together at high pressure, the fabrics are durable and environmentally friendly. The surface is treated with an antiseptic and varnishes to protect against damage.
Wooden doors - blind or glazed - look beautiful in any interior design. In rooms with high humidity and frequent temperature changes (kitchen and bathroom), it is better not to use natural wood. Before installation, it is desirable that the canvas stand in the room for a week, this will eliminate the risk of possible deformation.
An alternative to expensive wood is boards made from pressed small chips. A wooden frame is sheathed with such material, and the interior space is filled with corrugated cardboard, wooden blocks, chipboard. Expensive wide doors for rooms are made entirely of thick MDF board. Outside, they are painted, finished with laminate, veneer, PVC film.
- Plastic
Polyvinyl chloride panels are mounted on a pine board frame, their texture can imitate wood. Elastic seals make the structure very airtight, resistant to moisture, the door retains heat and does not let in noise. Therefore, such models are installed in bathrooms, toilets, winter gardens, pools.
From moisture the cloth is not deformed. Sliding structures and "accordions" are made of PVC with veneer and laminate trim. The sashes are light, this is a good option for budget interior projects.
- Glass
Glass products are preferred in modern design rooms, they delimit rooms and at the same time expand the space due to transparency. The material can be decorated with a sandblasted pattern, tinted, made matte, stained glass.
In the manufacture of glass interior doors for wide openings, raw materials no thinner than 8 mm are used. There are three main types:
- tempered glass is an order of magnitude stronger than ordinary glass; upon impact, it shatters into many fragments without sharp edges;
- triplex - consists of more than two layers glued together with a polymer film. It cracks under impact, but stays in the frame;
- matolux - an opaque, but light-transmitting canvas; ideal for decorating a bathroom or toilet.
Wide sliding double and single doors, as well as complex radial structures, are made from glass. In addition to translucency, the advantages of the material include hygiene and water resistance. This model can also be installed in the kitchen.
Finishing options for interior doors
- Veneer pasting
The base of the canvas is made of pine or chipboard, veneer is glued to the solid board on both sides (thin wood sheets 0.1-10 mm thick), the surface is sanded and varnished. Due to the natural texture of solid wood and veneered products, they do not differ at all in appearance.
The material does not like moisture, swells and flakes off, so it is better not to install such doors in wet areas (in the kitchen, bathroom, toilet).
- lamination
On canvas from particle boards apply a PVC film in two ways: on fiberglass or on a paper basis. In the first case, an artificial veneer is obtained, which protects the canvas from ultraviolet radiation and scratches. The second method is cheaper, but the quality of the coating is lower. The PVC film protects the product from moisture penetration, the surface is easy to clean with detergents. swing wide door with lamination will feel great in the bathroom.
- Coloring
Processing materials with a tinting antiseptic protects against bacteria, fungi, and direct sunlight. The work uses coloring aqueous solutions, stain, alkyd and oil compositions. Paint wood, plastic.
- Mirrors
They can be installed in all types of canvases - from classic wood to modern plastic. There are tinted and decorated with a pattern. A mirror insert (rectangular or curly) can occupy part of an interior door, or it can be placed on the entire sash. In any case, the mirror visually enlarges the room.
The choice of interior doors for wide openings depends on the type of opening, the purpose of the room, the style of the interior, and the material.
Swing - the most airtight, perfect for the living room, dining room or bedroom, but will require a free area in front of the passage. Sliding models save space, but in the case of embedding in a wall, laborious installation work. "Accordions" - the lightest, but wear out quickly.
The most expensive products are made of valuable wood or thick veneered MDF board. Budget options: compressed chipboard frame and PVC finish.
Wide wooden interior doors with mirror or glass inserts will fit well into the classic interior of the apartment: double hinged, "books", sliding. AT modern interiors veneered, transparent structures on roller systems are more suitable.
Like most of the dimensional characteristics and parameters used in residential construction, the dimensions of doorways for interior doors are determined by one of the state standards. In this case, it is GOST 6629-88 for wooden doors. It cannot be said that the document is capable of resolving most problems, but it is a standard that has the status and force of law, which means that its requirements are mandatory for all subjects on the territory of the Russian Federation.
How is the size of the doorway determined?
The above standard defines several sizes of interior doors and openings between rooms in residential premises:
- For living rooms, the height of the door leaf can be 200 and 230 cm with a width of 70 and 80 cm, respectively, the opening is 210 and 240 cm high, with a width of 71 and 81 cm;
- For the kitchen, the recommended length and width of the sash is 70x200 cm with an opening of 210x71 cm;
- For bathrooms and bathrooms, unlike the kitchen, the width of the door and the opening between the rooms can be reduced to 60 and 61 cm, respectively.
As for bathrooms and bathrooms, GOST allows that, in agreement with the designer of the premises, the height of the passages between the rooms can be reduced to 185 cm.
Note! All interior doors currently produced on the territory of the Russian Federation must comply with the requirements of GOST in terms of parameters.
Otherwise, the manufactured products will not pass certification, which means that they cannot be allowed for sale. And it must be admitted that in most cases the requirements of the law are met by domestic producers.
How to choose an interior door, taking into account the doorway
Another thing is imported goods, these products often have a very large variation in size. Most often imported from Europe are interior door structures with a width of 70-90 cm and a height of 220-240 cm. Most importers are simple dealers, and they do not delve into the differences between the layouts inside apartments in a modern new building and houses built according to Soviet GOSTs.
Problems measuring an interior doorway
The standard doorway between the adjacent rooms of the Soviet high-rise building will be larger than the dimensions for a new door in a modern house. Why?
Firstly, GOST No. 6629-88 prescribes that the size of the door block of the door between rooms, for example, 70x200 cm, will be 75x205 cm, and the opening should be 82x210 cm. This means that when buying a new interior door, the canvas of which has a width of 70 cm and a height of 200 cm, inserting it into the opening from the old Soviet door 70x200 will be quite problematic for two reasons:
- The new door structure, even with the wedges, will be small for a huge opening, and it will be impossible to fix the new door frame inside the old opening with standard size studs or self-tapping screws, they simply will not reach the walls;
- Even if the new block between the rooms was fixed with oversized fasteners, the space around the box is clogged with wooden trimmings and mounting foam, anyway, after installing the platbands, they will not close the gaps in the opening.
Note! This situation very often happens when installing a new one made of MDF board instead of an old wooden interior door.
The thickness of the MDF door frame is 20-30 mm thinner than the Soviet wooden door block. After replacing the door between the rooms, the plane of the wall adjacent to the contour of the opening has to be sealed with plaster mesh and gypsum putty, which adds additional costs to the repair estimate.
The reason for this discrepancy lies in the different technology of installation of door structures of a modern type and installed twenty years ago. At the end of the last century, a plaster or concrete mortar was used for installation, which threw the space around the installed intra-apartment structure. According to the old technology, the size of the passage inside the room should be at least 5 cm larger than the block, otherwise seal the cement-sand mixture it would be impossible.
Modern methods of installing door structures use polyurethane mounting foam, so the opening is larger than the door block by a few millimeters.
In such a situation, neither additional elements nor oversized platbands can help. The former are used to increase the depth of the door frame, but not the door block. Even if you collect the loot according to the size of the opening, this will lead to the appearance of huge gaps between the canvas and the block.
The use of oversized platbands can help close the gaps from the old opening, but in practice this method is used very rarely due to the unattractive appearance of the resulting structure.
A real way to change the situation is to lay a part of the passage between adjacent rooms or pick up a door with an increased leaf size.
The least critical situation is with the depth of the door block. Traditionally, the door between rooms inside the room is installed so that the thickness of the leaf corresponds to the section of the partition between the rooms. But even if, for objective reasons, the depth of the partition is greater than the thickness of the sash, the situation can be corrected by installing additional blocks when assembling the loot.
We measure the doorway of the interior passage
In the process of designing modern high-rise buildings, the customer lays down the size of the opening inside the apartment exactly according to the characteristics of the ordered door blocks with interior doors. A paradoxical situation has arisen when the door, as a finished product, goes on sale in strict accordance with the requirements of GOST, and during construction the door structure is installed at the request of the designer.
If the house is supposed to be repaired with the replacement of doors inside the room, before placing an order for the purchase and delivery of new door structures, it would be very correct to measure the actual dimensions of the leaf and frame of the old door according to the above diagram.
Initially, you will need to measure the door leaf, you can make a measurement with a construction tape measure in the center or center line. The next step is to measure the inside of the door frame. Since the wooden box is assembled by hand, its size, unlike the canvas, can vary significantly in different places. Therefore, the measurement is performed at a minimum of three points. The width of the opening is measured last. To do this, remove the platbands and measure the narrowest place.
Conclusion
Before passing a final verdict or deciding which wooden door will be installed, see alternative metal-plastic or MDF options. Appearance and consumer qualities of such structures are no worse than wooden ones, and in some cases installation and assembly is carried out at the expense of the store, which will significantly reduce your repair efforts.
