(KIPiA - instrumentation and automation)
General characteristics of the profession
A person who first got on the control panel of a large enterprise is struck by the abundance of a wide variety of control and measuring instruments, sensors, analyzers, regulators and other automatic equipment. This whole complex of instrumentation and automation provides the operator with information about the mode of the technological process.
Without a well-established operation of instrumentation and automation, normal operation is unthinkable, high quality products, safety and accident-free work.
A locksmith for instrumentation and automation is a universal specialist who performs maintenance, repair and operation of various instrumentation and automatic control systems. The instrumentation and automation fitter deals with rapidly becoming more complex and improving equipment, which requires him to constantly grow professionally. Representatives of this profession often become active innovators and inventors.
The main content of professional activity:
The instrumentation engineer must know:
— about fundamentals of physics, mechanics, electrical engineering, electronics, applied and physical optics, metrology and radio engineering, methods of regulation and calibration of instruments;
- device, purpose and principle of operation of repaired devices and apparatuses;
- technical conditions and design of the Committee for Standards of Measures and Weights for testing and delivery of individual instruments, mechanisms and apparatus;
- the main properties of metals, alloys and other materials used in the repair;
— electrical properties of conductive and insulating materials;
- methods of heat treatment of parts with subsequent fine-tuning;
— influence of temperature on measurement accuracy;
- symbols for shut-off, control, safety valves in thermal circuits;
- rules for installing service devices;
- types of laying impulse pipelines;
— installation of leveling and separating vessels;
- tolerances and fits, qualifications (accuracy classes) and roughness parameters (machining cleanliness classes)
- designations of thermal and electrical circuits and drawings of the properties of optical glass, metals and auxiliary materials, conductors, semiconductors used in instrumentation;
— basics of calculation of gears of various gearing profiles and optical systems.
The instrumentation engineer must be able to:
– perform metalwork processing of parts according to 11-12 qualifications (4-5 accuracy classes) with fitting and fine-tuning of parts;
- wind springs from wire in a cold and hot state;
- to carry out locksmith and assembly work;
- perform electrical work;
- perform soldering with various solders;
- ensure compliance with sanitary and hygienic requirements, norms and rules for labor protection;
— analyze the economic information necessary for orientation in their professional activities;
– repair, assemble, adjust, adjust heat-measuring, electromagnetic, electrodynamic, counting, optical-mechanical, pyrometric, automatic, self-recording and other devices of medium complexity;
- draw up connection diagrams of medium complexity and carry out their installation;
- perform a protective smear of parts and coloring of devices;
- determine the hardness of the metal with calibrated files;
– perform heat treatment of low-responsibility parts with their subsequent fine-tuning;
- to determine the causes and eliminate malfunctions of devices of medium complexity;
— test repaired instrumentation and automation;
Compile tests and correction of technological programs and stands using computer technology;
- to carry out adjustment, adjustment and commissioning of complex systems of instruments and equipment control systems based on microprocessor technology with the performance of restoration repair work on elements of these systems;
— carry out delivery after repair and testing of instrumentation and automation.
Requirements for the individual characteristics of a specialist
Professionally important qualities:
attentiveness;
operational thinking;
sensory memory;
good vision;
clear coordination of movements;
accuracy;
good visual memory
accuracy
Medical contraindications:
poor eyesight, poor hearing, diseases of the musculoskeletal system
Related professions
Adjuster of equipment and machinery, mechanic-repairman, electrician, electrician.
Mechanic for instrumentation and automation.
WORKING INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE FITCH
CONTROL AND MEASURING INSTRUMENTS AND AUTOMATION
(4th TIER)
WORKING INSTRUCTIONS
___________________№______
P. Zeleny Bor
TO THE LOCKER
ON CONTROL AND MEASURING
INSTRUMENTS AND AUTOMATION
(4th TIER)
GENERAL PROVISIONS
1.1. A locksmith for instrumentation and automation belongs to the category of workers.
1.2 . A fitter for instrumentation and automation is appointed to the position and dismissed from it by order of the director of Snekpro LLC on the proposal of the chief power engineer.
1.3. The locksmith for instrumentation and automation reports to the chief power engineer.
1.4. In his activities, a mechanic for instrumentation and automation is guided by:
— labor legislation of the Republic of Belarus;
- current sanitary rules and regulations, instructions for labor protection and fire safety;
— orders, instructions and other administrative and local regulations in force in the Company;
— current QMS and FSMS documents;
— the Company's policy in the field of quality and safety;
- internal labor regulations;
- these operating instructions.
— 1.5. A locksmith for instrumentation and automation of the 4th category must know:
— safety and labor protection rules;
- rules, norms and instructions for labor protection, safety, fire safety, electrical safety, safe working methods and techniques;
- instructions for sanitation, requirements for personal hygiene;
- rules, methods, techniques and means of preventing and extinguishing fires, preventing and eliminating the consequences of accidents, other incidents at their workplace (section, workshop);
- rules and methods of providing first aid to victims;
- the basics of labor legislation, contractual regulation of labor relations, including in the field of remuneration and labor rationing, the procedure for negotiating its conclusion;
- internal labor regulations.
- device, principle of operation and methods of adjustment of repaired and adjusted complex devices, mechanisms, devices;
- purpose and methods of adjustment of control and measuring and control and adjustment instruments;
- methods of adjustment and calibration of instruments and apparatus and the rules for taking characteristics during their testing;
- rules for calculating resistances;
- diagrams of complex connections;
- rules for calculating absolute and relative errors in the verification and testing of instruments;
- designations of thermal and electrical circuits and drawings;
— system of tolerances and landings;
— grades and parameters of roughness;
- Fundamentals of mechanics and electronics.
Rules for setting and regulating the control and measuring tool;
- safety regulations in the scope of the qualification group for electrical safety IV;
- setting the parameters of frequency converters;
Rules for working on equipment;
Ways and methods of saving fuel and energy resources.
DESCRIPTION OF THE WORK AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE EMPLOYEE
Characteristics of the work performed
2.1.1. The locksmith for instrumentation and automation of the 4th category is instructed to:
— repair, adjustment, testing, alignment, installation and commissioning of complex electromagnetic, electrodynamic, heat-measuring, optical-mechanical, counting, automatic, pyrotechnic and other devices with fitting and fine-tuning of parts and assemblies.
— setup and adjustment of the device of relay protection, electroautomatics, telemechanics.
— determination of defects of repaired devices and their elimination.
— metalworking of parts according to 7-10 qualifications and assembly of gear and worm gears.
— drawing up and installation of complex schemes of connections.
— calculation of the absolute and relative error in the verification and testing of devices.
— drawing up defective statements and filling out passports and certificates for devices and machines.
2.1.2. Examples of work performed:
- film projection equipment - replacement of individual components and parts.
3. Adding machines and typewriters of all systems - overhaul and restoration.
— Analytical accurate scales — repair, adjustment.
– hopper scales for elevators – current, medium and major repairs, adjustment and verification.
— commodity and automobile scales with yoke indicating instruments — overhaul.
- Scales for commodity and automobile scales with a dial indicating device - overhaul, medium and current repairs.
– mortise commercial mobile and stationary scales – current, medium and major repairs, installation, adjustment, verification.
— sights — repair, adjustment.
- water meters of all systems and all diameters in wells - installation with switching to other diameters, performing medium repairs.
— rectifiers — revision and repair.
— self-recording galvanometers and logometers — disassembly and repair.
— film and photographic equipment — repair of synchronizers; diaphragms of deceleration mechanisms, rangefinder adjustment.
- gear wheels - fine-tuning of the keyway with a nozzle on the axle
- magnetic contactors, starters of marine design - medium repair.
— clock mechanisms of all kinds of instruments (pressure gauges, traction gauges, etc.) — overhaul with the manufacture of parts and adjustment.
- microscopes - repair with fine-tuning of parts and adjustment.
- pressure gauges and indicators - disassembly, repair, assembly and adjustment.
— electric bridges — repair.
– horizontal and vertical optimeters – disassembly, repair, assembly and adjustment of quill turbines with the manufacture of caps, springs and tables.
- axles with tubes - final processing with fine-tuning.
Periscopes - repair and alignment.
— optical and radiation pyrometers — overhaul.
– devices of the electromagnetic system – repair with disassembly of the kinematics mechanism and the movable system.
— electronic regulating devices — repair.
- polarized relay - revision, repair and adjustment.
— systems of mobile devices — balancing.
— voltage stabilizers — revision and repair.
— assembly tables — current repair.
— thickness gauges ultrasonic electromagnetic — average repair.
— electric drives of all types — installation and adjustment.
General duties of a mechanic for instrumentation and automation.
locksmith for instrumentation and automation.
must:
Comply with the rules of internal labor regulations;
Comply with the requirements of instructions (on fire safety, on sanitation and personal hygiene, on labor protection, etc.) in force in the Company;
Treat the property of the Company with care, use equipment, devices and auxiliary inventory in strict accordance with the purpose;
Observe personal hygiene requirements, including:
- when leaving the workshop, he must take off his overalls;
When returning to the workshop - put on overalls, disinfect hands;
During work with direct contact with the product, hands must be in appropriate gloves;
During work, overalls must have a neat and clean appearance;
- do not try the products.
Realize labor activity in compliance with ethical and moral standards that support the image, reputation and interests of the Company in all situations, events and circumstances;
Treat equipment, accessories with care, use only for work.
Take measures to prevent damage to equipment and fixtures;
Notify the chief power engineer in advance in case of occurrence of diseases that limit or prevent the worker's activity in order to be able to replace the employee in advance.
Follow the instructions of the company's leaders.
In case of non-compliance of the manufactured products with the requirements of regulatory documentation, violations of the technical process, equipment malfunctions, immediately inform the chief power engineer. Take measures to prevent the release of defective products.
2.2. General responsibilities:
2.2.1. Comply with the rules of internal labor regulations;
2.2.2. Comply with the requirements of the instructions (on fire safety, on sanitation and personal hygiene, on labor protection, etc.) in force in the Company regarding the activities of a locksmith for instrumentation and automation;
2.2.3. Take care of the property of the Company, use equipment, devices and auxiliary equipment, tools, protective equipment, in strict accordance with the purpose;
2.2.4. If symptoms of diseases, ailments, signs of gastrointestinal diseases, suppuration, fever and symptoms of other diseases occur, the instrumentation and automation fitter is obliged to notify the head - the chief power engineer;
2.2.5. Follow the instructions of the leaders of the Company;
2.2.6. Provide first (pre-medical) aid to victims of injury, poisoning, in emergency situations.
2.3. Responsibilities before starting work:
2.3.1. Report on arrival at work;
2.3.2. Change into clean overalls, shoes, carefully tuck your hair under a headdress, and at the entrance to the production area, wash and disinfect hands cleanly;
2.3.3. Arrive in the room of electricians;
2.3.4. Get a task from the chief power engineer;
2.3.5. Check the availability and serviceability of the tool;
2.3.6. Put on personal protective equipment (if it is provided for by the Safety Rules and PUE) and get to work.
2.4. Responsibilities while working:
The locksmith for instrumentation and automation of the 4th category is obliged:
2.4.1. Comply with fire safety rules, electrical safety rules, safety regulations, industrial sanitation requirements and internal labor regulations;
2.4.2. Timely repair equipment;
2.4.3. Carry out scheduled preventive maintenance (PPR) of equipment according to the schedule;
2.4.4. Identify the causes of premature wear of equipment, take measures to prevent and eliminate them;
2.4.5 Keep a record of the available tools (measuring instruments, fixtures, etc.) and timely submit information to the chief power engineer about ordering spare parts;
2.4.6. Perform work using protective equipment, special devices and tools;
2.4.7. Perform operations related to the preliminary adjustment of equipment;
2.4.8. Collect electrical panels as directed by the chief power engineer;
2.4.9. Report to the chief power engineer about shortcomings in the quality of equipment;
2.4.10. Maintain equipment in working condition and cleanliness, do not leave operating equipment unattended;
2.4.11. To carry the tool necessary for work in a special box.
2.4.12. Maintain cleanliness and order in the workplace and assigned area.
During a regulated (technical) break, the instrumentation fitter:
2.5.1. After visiting the toilets, the mechanic for instrumentation and automation must wash his hands twice: in the vestibule after visiting the toilet before putting on sanitary clothing and at the entrance to the workshop (before entering the workplace) immediately before starting work;
2.5.2. After each break, a mechanic for instrumentation and automation is required to sanitize hands with an antiseptic;
2.5.3. Clean up the workplace;
2.5.4. Summing up the intermediate result of the work done, outline a plan for further actions;
2.5.5. Make preparations for the start of the next phase of activity.
2.6. It is forbidden for a mechanic for instrumentation and automation:
2.6.1. Enter production facilities without sanitary clothing;
2.6.2. Wear personal outerwear over sanitary clothing;
2.6.3. Bring in and store small glass and metal objects in the production premises;
2.6.4. Fasten sanitary clothing with pins, needles, and store personal items (mirrors, combs, rings, badges, matches, cigarettes, and more) in the pockets of sanitary clothing;
2.6.5. Smoking in industrial, auxiliary, household premises except in places specially designated for that purpose.
2.6.6. Use untested protective equipment and faulty tools
APPROVE
Production Director
JSC "Company"
____________ V.V. Umnikov
"___" ___________ 2013.
Working instruction
instrumentation fitter
The instrumentation and automation fitter performs maintenance, repair, adjustment, testing, preparation of measuring instruments for delivery for periodic verification of all measuring instruments and indicators located in the production shops of OJSC "Company".
The instrumentation engineer must know:
Design features repairable complex and precise instruments and methods of their adjustment and alignment;
Causes of defects in the operation of devices and machines, measures to prevent and eliminate them;
Kinematic scheme of self-recording instruments of all types;
Rules for the repair, verification and adjustment of complex instruments and automata and the rules for choosing basic surfaces that guarantee the required accuracy;
Job Description:
Repair, adjustment, testing, adjustment, installation, adjustment of complex heat-measuring, opto-mechanical, electrodynamic, counting, automatic and other devices with automatic control installation, measuring unit of balancing machines, pressure devices;
Identification and elimination of defects in the operation of devices, drawing scales, grids and drawing up complex sketches;
Recalculation of electrical appliances to other measurement limits;
Adjustment and verification by accuracy classes of all types of thermal and electrical instrumentation.
1.Getting started
1.1 Check the serviceability of the working tool, control and measuring instruments. If faults are found, replace or repair the fault.
1.2 Check the serviceability of the grounding on the measuring instruments (hereinafter referred to as SI).
1.3 Get an assignment from the head of the electrical laboratory.
1.4 Get started.
2.Workplace
2.1 The locksmith's workplace is all workplaces in the production divisions of the enterprise where the measuring instruments are located.
2.2 The desktop of the instrumentation and automation fitter is located directly in the electrical measuring laboratory of the CLIT.
2.3 On the desktop of the instrumentation and automation fitter are:
Electric soldering iron (voltage ~ 220V0;
- tool with insulating handles in accordance with the rules of the PTB;
Regulatory and technical documentation of repaired measuring instruments;
SI required for repair;
Control and measuring devices;
3. During work
3.1 At the beginning of the shift and periodically during the working shift, the instrumentation and automation engineer inspects and maintains all measuring instruments located in the subdivisions, which includes:
Replacement of chart discs on self-recording devices;
Checking the serviceability and reliability of SI readings;
SI setting;
Replacement of SI if necessary;
Repair of measuring instruments, parts and assemblies;
Preparation of measuring instruments for periodic verification (calibration) according to verification (calibration) schedules;
3.2 If a malfunction is detected, the instrumentation mechanic repairs the MI on the spot or replaces it with a similar one.
3.3 The locksmith carries out subsequent repairs at the workplace in the electrical laboratory. All information about the repair of measuring instruments is recorded in the journal in accordance with STP QMS.
3.4 The order of MI repair is established by the head of the electrical measuring laboratory.
3.5 The repair of measuring instruments is carried out by the instrumentation and automation fitter, guided by the regulatory and technical documentation for the SI, technical description and verification methods.
4 Completion of work
4.1 At the end of the shift, the instrumentation mechanic inspects the measuring equipment in the production departments of the enterprise.
4.2 Reports to the head of the electrical measuring laboratory on the state of MI in the divisions of the enterprise and on repaired MI.
4.3 Cleans the workplace.
5 Rights and responsibilities of the instrumentation fitter
5.1 The instrumentation fitter is responsible for:
Timely repair of measuring instruments in accordance with the requirements of the NTD;
Violation of technological discipline;
Violation of safety regulations;
Violation of the internal labor regulations;
5.2 Mechanic of instrumentation and automation has the right to:
For free provision of overalls, footwear, personal protective equipment;
- to a workplace protected from harmful and dangerous factors;
- to demand from the administration the fulfillment of the terms of the collective agreement and the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.
Head of CLIT I.I. Ivanov
AGREED:
Head of the CTC P.P. Petrov
Head of Personnel Department I.I. Mirolyubov
Head of the Legal Department S.S. Sidorov
Lead QMS engineer V.V. Vasiliev
The task of the adjuster and instrumentation engineer is to make sure that all instrumentation and automatic systems of the enterprise work like a Swiss watch and are reliable like a Swiss bank.
Average salary: 43,000 rubles per month
Demand
Payability
Competition
entry barrier
prospects
Kipovets is colloquially called a specialist who installs and maintains instrumentation and automatic systems.
Description of the profession
Let's figure out who a Kipovet is and what he does. In fact, this is the collective name of the profession, which combines three separate specialties related to instrumentation and automation at once: engineer, mechanic and adjuster of instrumentation and automation. Its representatives are in demand at all enterprises where modern technologies are used, serviced automated systems. They ensure the smooth operation of equipment and mechanisms of any complexity. The knowledge they receive in educational institutions is of a universal nature, which allows them to find employment in various industries.
Kipovtsy can be involved in the launch of a new facility or maintenance of an existing production facility. They establish automatic lines, dispatch communications, signaling, regulation and control systems, test and put equipment into operation.
Based on the characteristics and needs of production, can be created different types I&C subdivisions:
- Centralized is suitable for enterprises in which the number of measuring technology and few sensors. In this case, the repair and maintenance services are brought together under a single management, and, if necessary, highly specialized teams are created (electronics engineers, installers, etc.).
- A decentralized structure is characteristic of large factories with branched production. With such a system, the repair of all equipment is provided by a single methodological service (separate), and the technological workshop is responsible for the operation.
The gradation of the professionalism of the masters is determined by the Unified Tariff and Qualification Guide (ETKS). According to issue 2 instrumentation adjuster has a plug from 4 to 8 digits, and a locksmith - from 2 to 8 digits, which indicates a higher level of the first.
What specialties are best to study
A Kipovets engineer is a specialist who has received higher education in one of the following areas of study:
- automation technological processes and productions;
- information-measuring equipment and technologies;
- electric drive and automation;
- computer technologies in automatic control systems production processes and etc.
The fitter and adjuster of instrumentation and automation are skilled workers. It is enough for them to have a diploma of a secondary specialized educational institution in one of the profiles:
- adjuster (or locksmith) of instrumentation and automation;
- automatic control systems;
- master of instrumentation.
To enter a university for a specialty related to the maintenance of automatic systems, an applicant must pass the following subjects for the USE: Russian, profile mathematics, computer science, physics. Enrollment in colleges is made on the basis of a competition of certificates.
Universities for education
A future mechanic or adjuster of instrumentation and automation can be trained, for example, in such colleges:
- Interregional Competence Center - Cheboksary Electromechanical College. They take a master-Kipovian here after the 9th grade. The term of study is 3 years and 10 months.
- College modern technologies them. M. F. Panova (Moscow) trains instrumentation and automation fitters who can service a variety of equipment: from power plant and boiler equipment to ATMs.
- Moscow College of Space Instrumentation MSTU. N. E. Bauman. You can enter the specialty "automatic control systems" after the 9th and 11th grades of the school.
- The Khimki College of Space Power Machine Building of the Rocket and Space Technology branch of the MAI trains personnel for large enterprises, such as NPO Energomash, NPO im. Lavochkin, MKB "Fakel".
- Kazan Petrochemical College. V. P. Lushnikov. This is one of the main educational institutions Republic of Tatarstan for the training of locksmiths for the maintenance of various automated systems.
After the secondary school, graduates immediately receive the qualification of "technician" and 2-3 category in ETKS. After that, they can go to work or apply to the university in order to become an engineer. Many technical schools are located in the structure or in the orbit of influence of universities, which allows their best students to enter universities on preferential terms.
Responsibilities at work
The functions performed by a Kipovite depend on the specific place of work. His duties are clearly regulated by the job description, drawn up taking into account the requirements of the ETKS regarding the qualifications of the employee.
The main tasks of an engineer are:
- organization of work to ensure the functioning of equipment;
- management of teams of specialists and acceptance of work performed;
- introduction of automated systems;
- metrological activity;
- preparation of technical documentation;
- drafting prescriptions;
- planning and control.
Adjusters and locksmiths have their own functions:
In general, a Kipovitian needs to have good knowledge in technology, as well as:
- be able to read diagrams and drawings;
- know the structure of serviced devices and the features of their work;
- have the skills to use repair tools;
- understand the methods of setting up measuring systems of varying complexity;
- have knowledge in materials science, electrical and mechanics;
- know the rules for preparing the necessary documentation;
- to know programming languages (if necessary).
An engineer, mechanic or adjuster of instrumentation and automation is in demand in the energy, food, processing, metallurgical industries, housing and communal services, the oil and gas sector, and construction.
Who suits
For the quality performance of his work, a Kipovets needs to have the following personal properties:
- technical mindset and spatial imagination;
- accurate eye, color discrimination and excellent vision;
- the ability to distribute attention and concentrate;
- clear coordination of movements;
- high level responsibility;
- accuracy and consistency;
- Willingness to follow instructions exactly.
The advantages of the profession include a good salary and the opportunity to additionally study, replenishing your knowledge base. Cons - a high level of responsibility, constant increased attention and the risk of injury in violation of safety regulations.
How much do they get
The income level of a Kipovitian depends on the position, rank, enterprise and region. On average in the country, an engineer receives 40-50 thousand rubles, an adjuster - 40-42 thousand, and a mechanic 35-40 thousand. In Moscow, these figures can be increased by 10-15 percent, and in the remote northern regions, where they work on a rotational basis, companies are ready to pay highly qualified specialists more than 100,000 rubles. The work of an instrumentation adjuster in Transbaikalia and Khakassia can bring a candidate over 200 thousand rubles. True, in the North you will have to tinker with the instruments, since at low temperatures they often fail or distort readings.
How to build a career
Instrumentation and control engineer, showing his best qualities, can count on the position of the head of a department or even the metrological service of an enterprise. Adjusters and mechanics, earning experience and passing certification, increase their rank up to the eighth, which has a positive effect on wages. In order to qualify for leadership positions, they will need to receive higher education in their specialty.
Prospects for the profession
Specialists who can maintain control and measuring equipment will be in demand in the labor market in the coming years. The only condition is to keep up with the times, constantly improving our skills, taking into account the innovations introduced in the industry.
46.1
For friends!
Reference
Adjuster of instrumentation and automation - a specialist in the installation of instruments and electrical circuits of various automation systems. The launch of any facility requires a lot of effort from the operational personnel of the instrumentation and automation. It is necessary to study the technological scheme of the new facility, the equipment with which you will have to work, the signaling and blocking schemes, and safety precautions. Most of these functions (checking, installation, adjustment and testing of devices, circuits, systems used in equipment for monitoring, regulating and managing automated processes) are performed by instrumentation and automation adjusters. Their high qualification is evidenced by the fact that in the system of continuous vocational education the profession of an instrumentation adjuster begins with the 4th category, and not with the 2nd, as with an instrumentation fitter or instrument operator.
Description of activity
Mostly, the instrumentation adjuster works in factories and in production, where he sets up automatic lines, devices that regulate production processes, dispatch communications and other automation. Testing and putting the equipment into operation is also the responsibility of the adjuster.
Wage
average in Moscow:average for St. Petersburg:
Job responsibilities
The professional duties of an adjuster of instrumentation and automation depend on his qualification category (from 4 to 8). The instrumentation adjuster performs the installation of instruments and electrical circuits of various automation systems; carries out adjustment of electrical circuits and testing of electronic devices with the removal of characteristics; studies the principles and mode of operation of electronic equipment devices; masters the technology of assembling equipment blocks of any complexity, calculation methods various elements, regulating devices; studies and puts into practice technical, technological and operational documentation.
Repair, assembly, inspection, adjustment, testing, alignment, installation and delivery of heat-measuring, electromagnetic, electrodynamic, counting, optical-mechanical, pyrometric, automatic, self-recording and other devices of medium complexity with the removal of circuits. Locksmith processing of parts according to 11-12 qualifications with fitting and fine-tuning of parts. Drawing up and installation of schemes of connections of average complexity. Instrument coloring. Soldering with various solders (copper, silver, etc.). Heat treatment of parts with their subsequent fine-tuning. Determination of the hardness of metals with calibrated files. Repair, adjustment and alignment of particularly complex devices under the guidance of a highly qualified locksmith.
Must know: device, purpose and principle of operation of repaired and adjusted instruments and apparatuses; state standards for testing and commissioning of individual instruments, mechanisms and devices; basic properties of metals, alloys and other materials used in repairs; electrical properties of conductive and insulating materials; methods of heat treatment of parts with their subsequent fine-tuning; influence of temperatures on measurement accuracy; symbols for shut-off, control, safety valves in thermal schemes; rules for installing narrowing devices; types of laying impulse pipelines; installation of leveling and separation vessels; system of tolerances and landings, qualifications and roughness parameters.
Characteristics of the work of a fitter of instrumentation and automation 4 categories
Repair, adjustment, testing, adjustment, installation and commissioning of complex electromagnetic, electrodynamic, heat-measuring, optical-mechanical, counting, automatic, pyrotechnic and other devices with fitting and fine-tuning of parts and assemblies. Adjustment and adjustment of the device of relay protection, electroautomatics, telemechanics. Determination of defects of repaired devices and elimination of them. Locksmith processing of parts according to 7-10 qualifications and assembly of gear and worm gears. Drawing up and installation of complex schemes of connections. Calculation of the absolute and relative error in the verification and testing of devices. Drawing up defective statements and filling out passports and certificates for devices and machines.
Should know: The device, principle of operation and methods of setting up repaired and adjusted complex instruments, mechanisms, apparatus, purpose and methods of setting up control and measuring and control and adjustment instruments, methods of adjustment and calibration of instruments and apparatus and the rules for taking characteristics during their testing, calculation rules resistances, schemes of complex connections, rules for calculating absolute and relative errors when checking and testing devices, designations of thermal and electrical circuits and drawings, a system of tolerances and fits, qualifications and roughness parameters, fundamentals of mechanics and electronics in the amount of work performed.
Characteristics of the work of a fitter of instrumentation and automation of the 5th category
Repair, adjustment, testing, adjustment, installation, adjustment and delivery of complex heat-measuring, optomechanical, electrodynamic, counting, automatic and other devices with an automatic control unit with a summing mechanism and remote transmission of readings. Identification and elimination of defects in the operation of instruments, manufacture of laboratory instruments. Drawing scales, grids and drawing up complex sketches. Conversion of electrical appliances to other measurement limits. Adjustment and verification of qualifications of all types of thermal and electrical control and measuring devices, automatic regulators and automatic power supplies.
Must know: Design features of complex and precise instruments being repaired and methods of their adjustment and adjustment, the arrangement of precision measuring instruments, the causes of defects in the operation of instruments and automatic machines, measures to prevent and eliminate them, the kinematic diagram of all types of recording instruments, the rules for repair, verification and adjustment complex devices and automata and the rules for choosing basic surfaces that guarantee the required accuracy.
Characteristics of the work of a fitter of instrumentation and automation of the 6th category
Characteristics of works. Repair, adjustment, installation, testing, adjustment, alignment and calibration of experimental, experimental and unique heat-measuring, automatic and electronic equipment of projection and optical systems, radioactive devices, radio station units, direction finders, radar installations. Identification and elimination of defects in the operation of equipment. Determination of the degree of wear of parts and assemblies. Adjustment and comprehensive testing after wiring diagrams for thermal control and automation of boilers, turbines and technological equipment. Assembling circuits for testing thermal automation devices.
Must know. Device, interaction of complex devices, technological process of their assembly and adjustment methods, electrical thermal circuits of thermal automation devices, device and methods for aligning complex control and adjustment devices, properties of optical glass, metals and auxiliary materials, conductors, semiconductors used in instrumentation, calculation basics gears of various gearing profiles and optical systems, basics of physics, mechanics, telemechanics, heat engineering, electrical engineering, metrology, radio engineering and electronics in the scope of the work performed.
Safety precautions for an instrumentation fitter
When undergoing training or performing their immediate duties in terms of compliance with safety and labor protection rules, an instrumentation and control engineer is guided by the instructions for the workplace and the GENERAL REGULATION on the industrial safety and labor protection management system, the main provisions of which are given below.
1.1. This Regulation has been developed on the basis of existing laws and regulations Russian Federation, Rules for organizing and implementing production control for compliance with industrial safety requirements at a hazardous production facility (approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation N 263 of March 10, 1999) and methodological recommendations on the organization of production control over compliance with industrial safety requirements at hazardous production facilities (approved by Order of the Federal Mining and Industrial Supervision of Russia N 49 dated April 26, 2000).
1.2. The regulation was developed in order to create stable organizational and legal conditions for ensuring labor protection and industrial safety at "and regulates:
- functions and tasks, the specific content of work to ensure compliance with industrial safety and labor protection requirements at various levels of production management;
— the procedure for collecting, analyzing information, accounting and reporting in matters of ensuring industrial safety and labor protection;
- the procedure for exchanging information, the required degree of detail in accordance with the level of management;
- forms of accounting and state statistical reporting in this field of activity.
2. Rights, duties and responsibilities in the field of labor protection
2.1. Functions and tasks in the system of ensuring labor protection.
2.1.1. The main functions of the labor safety system are:
organization and coordination of work on production control;
— organization and coordination of work on labor protection;
— ensuring industrial safety (ensuring the safety of production equipment, technological processes, buildings and structures);
— training of workers in labor safety;
— control over the state of working conditions and labor protection;
— information support of labor protection;
— creation of economic mechanisms for ensuring labor safety.
2.1.2. The content of work in each of these functions, the procedure for their implementation, the duties of officials to ensure the safety of production facilities are regulated by Federal Laws (“On the Basics of Occupational Safety in the Russian Federation”, “On Industrial Safety of Hazardous Production Facilities”, the Code of Labor Laws), state standards of the SSBT system, regulatory legal acts of the Ministry of Labor of Russia, state supervision bodies, documents and this Regulation.
2.1.3. Organization and coordination of work in the field of industrial safety and labor protection provides for:
— the presence of a department of labor protection and industrial safety in accordance with applicable standards;
— definition of duties and procedures for interaction between persons and services involved in ensuring labor safety;
— acceptance and implementation management decisions(orders, orders, instructions, etc.).
2.1.4. Ensuring labor safety should be achieved by bringing technological processes, operated equipment, buildings and structures in accordance with the requirements of:
— Federal Law “On Industrial Safety of Hazardous Production Facilities”;
— state labor safety standards by types of technological processes, equipment works;
— building codes and rules for ensuring the safety of buildings and structures.
2.1.5. Training of workers in labor safety should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of:
— GOST 12.0.004-90. SSBT. “Organization of labor safety training. General Provisions”;
- Standard Regulations on the procedure for training and testing knowledge on labor protection of managers and specialists of enterprises, institutions and organizations (Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of 10.12.94 N 65);
— Regulations on the procedure for training and certification of employees of organizations operating hazardous production facilities controlled by the State Technical Supervision Authority of Russia (Decree No. 2 of 11.01.99);
— Regulatory documents “establishing the procedure for training workers in labor safety.
2.1.6. Information support of labor protection provides for:
- organization of information flows between different levels of production management;
- determination of the composition of information (list of indicators), frequency and form of its presentation;
- accounting (registration) of information as it arises (accident, accident, inspection, issued order);
- transmission of messages (notifications) about events provided for by the list of indicators;
- processing, storage of information, the status of statistical reports, sending them to the established authorities;
— Appointment of persons responsible for the organization and functioning of the information support system.
2.1.7. The creation of economic security mechanisms provides for:
— ensuring the economic interest of the joint-stock company, its structural units, production units and all employees in creating healthy and safe working conditions.
— compulsory insurance employees against accidents at work and occupational diseases and the conclusion of insurance contracts for the risk of liability for causing harm during the operation of hazardous production facilities in accordance with applicable law.
3. Functions of managers, specialists and workers of workshops, sections within the framework of the industrial safety and labor protection management system at the enterprise
3.1.1. Responsibility for the organization of work on industrial safety and labor protection is assigned to the General Director
3.1.2. The management of the organization for industrial safety and labor protection is assigned to the chief engineer
3.1.3. Operational, methodological guidance, coordination of work on industrial safety and labor protection is assigned to the head of the production control and ecology service.
3.1.4. The duties of officials set forth in this section are typical for the list of positions.
The specific duties of employees in the field of industrial safety and labor protection should be reflected in their job descriptions, taking into account the structure
3.1.38. Worker (operator, locksmith, etc.):
- is obliged to comply with the rules of labor protection and industrial safety, fire safety, industrial sanitation when carrying out all types of work and technological operations at the workplace in accordance with job descriptions, labor protection instructions and other documents when performing certain types of work;
- before starting work, checks at his workplace the serviceability and operability of equipment, instruments, protective equipment, blocking and signaling devices, serviceability of fences, tools, fire extinguishing equipment, safety devices and devices, integrity protective earth, the absence of violations in the conduct of the technological process. Report any violations found during the inspection to the immediate supervisor;
- is obliged to prevent cases of gas contamination of premises and territory, discharge of non-regulatory Wastewater;
- is constantly at the workplace in the prescribed and serviceable overalls, special shoes, has the necessary protective equipment (according to the instructions for the workplace);
— is obliged to keep equipment and tools in good order and cleanliness, prevent the presence of foreign objects in the workplace, immediately clean the workplace from foreign objects and remaining materials, parts, etc. after the completion of repair and other work;
- controls the operation of supply and exhaust ventilation;
- maintains equipment and communications from stationary sites or other special devices. Maintenance of equipment and communications from random objects (barrels, chairs, window sills, etc.) is prohibited;
- about each violation in the maintenance and operation of equipment, communications, the conduct of the technological process, the accident that occurred, immediately reports to the immediate supervisor of the work;
- performs only the work that is included in the scope of his duties according to the instructions for the workplace.
4. Implementation of control functions over the state of industrial safety and labor protection
4.1. Control procedure
4.1.1. Continuous preventive monitoring of the state of industrial safety and labor protection at workplaces is one of the means of preventing accidents and industrial injuries and is carried out by promptly identifying deviations from industrial safety requirements and taking the necessary measures to eliminate them.
4.1.2. The basic principle of monitoring the state of conditions and labor protection is regular checks carried out by managers of different levels of production management according to a certain scheme.
4.1.3. Control over the state of industrial safety and labor protection is carried out:
- managers of the I level of control by direct supervisors of work (foremen, mechanics, power engineers, shift supervisors, foremen of work, foremen of production sites, etc.);
- managers of the II level of control by the heads of workshops, sections and other production units;
- managers of the III level of control - senior employees of the enterprise, chief specialists, heads of departments, employees of the production department, the department of labor protection and industrial safety, and other departments of the enterprise;
4.1.4. The first stage of control.
Managers of the I level of control (foremen, shift supervisors, mechanics, power engineers and other direct supervisors of work) daily, at the beginning of work, independently or with the participation of authorized persons for labor protection, must check:
- the condition and correctness of the organization of workplaces (safe condition of the working area and workplaces, the state of transitions and passages), the correctness of warehousing and storage of parts, tools, materials;
- sealing of equipment, shut-off and control valves and communications;
- serviceability and uninterrupted operation of ventilation installations and local exhaust systems;
- observance by workers of safe methods and methods of work, technological regimes, instructions, orders, production and labor discipline;
- sanitary condition of workplaces, maintenance of sanitary facilities, devices;
- the assimilation by workers undergoing training of safe techniques and methods of work.
The violations and deficiencies identified during the audit must be eliminated. Violations that cannot be eliminated by the forces of the brigade, shift, service, requiring a certain period of time to eliminate them, or their elimination is not within the competence of the immediate supervisor of the work, are recorded in the Journal of preventive work of the shop (section) for subsequent adoption of appropriate measures.
The journal should reflect: the date of the inspection, last name, initials, position and signature of the inspectors, identified shortcomings and proposals for their elimination, deadlines and responsible persons for execution. Level I managers should promptly inform the management of the workshop (section) about these violations and shortcomings, which should take the necessary measures to ensure the safety of workers.
Responsibility for the implementation of the first stage of control, along with the foremen, work managers, is also borne by their immediate supervisor, who determines the responsible executors or personally organizes the elimination of identified violations and shortcomings.
4.1.5. Second stage of control.
The head of the II level of control (the head of the shop (section) or his deputies), at least once a month, must, together with the engineer for labor protection and industrial safety, with the participation of authorized (trusted) persons for labor protection, the mechanic of the shop, the deputy head shop, power engineer, instrumentation foreman to check the work of level I managers on the first stage of control, the state of working conditions and labor protection at each production facility and take prompt measures to eliminate identified violations and shortcomings. When conducting Special attention refer to:
— the work of foremen to carry out the first stage of control and analysis of the state of working conditions (regularity and quality of inspections, their effectiveness);
— availability and correctness of documentation on production safety issues (registration of briefings, equipment passports, etc.);
- timeliness and completeness of the implementation of measures to improve working conditions, proposals of authorized (trusted persons) for labor protection;
- the timeliness and quality of the briefings by the foremen, other first-level managers, the correctness and quality of the briefings, the availability of certificates for the workers to test knowledge according to special rules;
- the correct and safe organization of workplaces (safe condition of the working area and workplaces, the state of transitions and driveways);
- technical condition and serviceability of equipment, mechanisms, instrumentation, fixtures and tools, their compliance with the requirements of safety rules and conditions for safe operation;
- availability and serviceability of grounding devices for protection against static electricity;
- sealing of equipment, shut-off and control valves and communications, the operation of devices for ventilation and air purification, their condition;
— condition of tanks, cylinders, receivers and other devices and vessels operating under pressure;
- availability and serviceability of protective, safety and sealing devices, automatic control devices, signaling, remote control and other means of protection;
- serviceability of lighting systems and the state of illumination of workplaces;
- the presence and correct use of working clothes, personal protective equipment (helmets, gas masks, goggles, safety belts, etc.);
— the correct and safe organization of work, the conduct of technological processes in accordance with the requirements of technological regulations, the observance by workers of safe working methods and techniques, technological regimes, instructions, production and labor discipline;
- the sanitary condition of workplaces, the maintenance of sanitary facilities, the provision of workplaces with washbasins, detergents, accessories for washing in showers, the availability and completeness of first-aid kits;
— availability and condition of instructions, posters, warning notices, safety signs, signs and markings starting devices, control characters;
— preparation and carrying out repair hazardous, hot and gas hazardous work; availability and correctness of documentation for these works (orders, permits, projects, plans, etc.);
— fulfillment by work managers (foremen, mechanics, etc.) of their duties to ensure safe working conditions provided for job descriptions.
Violations and deficiencies identified during the inspection process must be immediately eliminated. Violations that cannot be eliminated during the inspection are recorded in the Journal of preventive work of the workshop (section) for the subsequent adoption of appropriate measures, indicating the performers and deadlines. If necessary, based on the results of the inspection, the head of the shop issues an order for the shop, which brings it to all engineering and technical workers and workers.
If the identified violations cannot be eliminated by the forces of their unit or their elimination is not within the competence of the shop manager, then he must inform the management of the enterprise and take appropriate measures to ensure safety.
Responsibility for the implementation of the second stage of control and for the timely elimination of identified violations and shortcomings rests with the managers of the II level of control of the heads of workshops (sections) or heads of departments equivalent to the workshop.
4.1.6. The third stage of control.
Managers, chief specialists, heads of departments (OTN and D, OOT and PB, OKSR and EZS, OPK, OOP), the commander of the VGSO as part of the permanent commission on labor safety of the enterprise according to the approved schedule, must carry out a random check of the work of the heads of structural divisions according to the implementation of the first two stages of control, the state of conditions and labor protection in subdivisions, at sites and workplaces. Employees of the production department, the department of labor protection and industrial safety, the department of the chief mechanic, the chief metrologist, the chief power engineer, the department of personnel training, the department of capital construction, repair and operation of buildings and structures, the department of technical supervision and diagnostics, the department of environmental protection, VGSO personally or as part of of the permanent commission on labor safety of the enterprise at least twice a month according to the approved schedule, must carry out a random check of the work of the heads of structural divisions in the implementation of the first two stages of control, the state of working conditions and labor protection, industrial safety in divisions, at sites and workplaces.
In doing so, they check:
– fulfillment of orders and orders of the enterprise management, instructions of regulatory authorities, as well as the implementation of proposals and the elimination of comments made in the logs and acts of inspections of the state of working conditions and industrial safety;
— availability of work plans for industrial safety and labor protection and the state of their implementation;
- the work of the heads of workshops, their deputies and other specialists in ensuring safe working conditions in accordance with their job descriptions;
- the effectiveness of the first two stages of control carried out by managers of level I, heads of departments (regularity, completeness, taking the necessary measures, etc.);
- timeliness and completeness of the implementation of the planned measures to improve working conditions, as well as the measures provided for by the acts of investigation of accidents and accidents at work;
- the timeliness and quality of the briefings of workers, the correctness and quality of registration of journals, protocols, certificates, the procedure for conducting extraordinary briefings;
- the procedure for familiarizing employees with orders, instructions, information letters;
- the procedure for training and internships of workers before their admission to the maintenance of complex equipment and mechanisms, the availability of documents for them to work;
- organization and composition of workshop commissions for attestation of workers, the procedure for the work of commissions, the availability of programs, their content, registration of the results of attestation and testing of workers' knowledge;
- the presence and condition of instructions, posters, warning signs, safety signs;
- the availability and correctness of maintaining documentation on security issues (journals, passports, protocols, etc.);
- technical condition and serviceability and correct operation of equipment, mechanisms, instrumentation, fixtures and tools, devices for ventilation and air purification, heating and lighting systems, grounding equipment and structures, as well as automation and mechanization equipment, vehicles, their compliance requirements of safety rules and conditions of safe work;
— organization and carrying out inspection of equipment and technical examination of pressure vessels, hoisting mechanisms and other equipment;
- availability and serviceability of protective, safety and sealing devices, automatic control devices, signaling, remote control and other means of protection;
- the correct organization of work and the conduct of technological processes, the observance by workers of safe methods and methods of work, technological modes, instructions;
- preparation and conduct of work of increased danger, the availability and correctness of documentation for these works (orders, permits, projects, plans, etc.), the procedure for conducting briefings before allowing workers to perform such work;
- the provision of workers and the equipment of workplaces with protective equipment, the correct use of them, the condition of these means;
- provision of shops and facilities with sanitary facilities and devices, and their condition.
Violations and deficiencies identified during the inspection process must be immediately eliminated. Violations that cannot be eliminated during the inspection are recorded in the Journal of preventive work of the workshop (section) for the subsequent adoption of appropriate measures, indicating the performers and deadlines.
If the identified violations and shortcomings can lead to an accident or injury to workers, then work should be immediately stopped until these violations are eliminated.
The results of inspections for the third stage of control are discussed at an extended meeting of the commission and drawn up in an act that assesses the state of industrial safety and the work of shop managers with conclusions and proposals for eliminating the identified violations and shortcomings, if necessary, the management of the enterprise issues an order.
Responsibility for the timely elimination of identified violations rests with the heads of workshops (sections).
Managers and specialists (engineering and technical workers) of the enterprise, when visiting workshops, sections, production facilities for their main functions, are obliged to check the state of safety and working conditions at the facilities, take the necessary measures to eliminate the identified shortcomings and provide practical assistance to the heads of departments in their work.
At the mere mention of the word "locksmith", a person appears in the mind who performs mainly mechanical work. In his hands you can see a screwdriver, a file, a wrench and even a sledgehammer. All these tools are brought to use by the instrumentation and automation fitter, since the equipment that has to be repaired, adjusted and maintained is very diverse.
Here you can meet the thinnest, almost clockwork mechanisms, heating furnaces, water valves, injection mechanisms of large injection molding machines or frequency-controlled electric drives. Therefore, the most diverse tools are required: from microscopic watch screwdrivers to pipe wrenches of the latest number.
When conducting various communication lines, for example, to connect sensors, a sledgehammer, and even scrap, is often used. Without this tool, it is absolutely impossible to make a hole in a brick, especially a concrete wall. True, in recent times these prehistoric tools were replaced by modern electrified hammers, "grinders" and other tools. But, nevertheless, sometimes you have to use both a crowbar and a sledgehammer.
It often happens that some part made of sheet metal simply breaks in the mechanism. To restore this part, you need to replace it, but if there is no spare, then, if possible, make a new one. It is enough for this to pick up a hammer, a chisel, a file, maybe even a drill with a drill and whip up at least a temporary replacement, for which, at least by hand with a pencil, sketch out a sketch of the future part. If an instrumentation mechanic has such skills, then he simply has no price!
The ability to work with hammers and screwdrivers is not all that one should be able to real instrumentation mechanic. First of all, he must know the basic laws of electrical engineering and have an electrical safety group of at least III, know how a transistor works, logical or. Knowledge of microcontroller technology will also come in handy, and if you have programming skills for microcontrollers, then this is very good, even excellent.
