Vitamins in early pregnancy. Vitamins for pregnant women: which ones are better

The body of a woman during pregnancy, working in an enhanced mode, should receive an increased complex of vitamins.

Giving the child all the most useful substances from her own body, a woman must compensate them in a timely manner. What vitamins to drink during pregnancy? Currently, there are many vitamin complexes that include everything you need for mothers and children.

During this period it is very important to receive proper nutrition, both the well-being of the pregnant woman and the successful development of the child depend on it. But even with the daily intake of such foods, a pregnant woman needs vitamin preparations. The thing is that the expectant mother should receive these substances in a double dose, since not only she, but also her child needs them.

It is necessary to take vitamins for pregnant women, which doctor will decide better. After a thorough examination of the pregnant woman, the specialist will prescribe those vitamins that are necessary from the very first weeks of pregnancy.

The preparations of the first weeks differ from the funds prescribed later, since certain changes in the development of the baby occur at different times. Shaping it nervous system requires certain substances that differ from the elements necessary for the development of bone and muscle systems without pathologies. These processes take place in different trimesters of pregnancy, so the doctor should pay attention to the need to take those drugs that are most needed in a particular period.

First trimester

During this period, the body of the future mother, trying to rebuild for the most favorable stay in the womb of the fetus, may weaken. Often in this trimester, pregnancy is difficult, the woman suffers from toxicosis, there is a threat of miscarriage, and it is at this stage that the internal organs begin to form in the child.

Therefore, vitamins during pregnancy in the early stages are prescribed to strengthen the body of a woman and save the child in the most favorable conditions.

The following vitamins are usually prescribed in the first trimester of pregnancy:

Vitamin B6

The need for this vitamin during this period is. It improves the well-being of a woman with toxicosis, in addition, relieves spasms and soothes.

To replenish this vitamin, a pregnant woman is often prescribed Magne B6. This drug contains vitamin B and magnesium, which has a positive effect on the cardiovascular system and normalizes the tone of the uterus.

Folic acid (B9)

Reception of this vitamin is necessary from the very first days of pregnancy, and even better before it. A lack of vitamin B9 in the body of a future mother is dangerous for hypovitaminosis for her, and for a baby it can cause spinal defects and other malformations.

Vitamin B9 contributes to the full development of the central nervous system of the fetus.

Vitamin A

Important for the development of the child. It normalizes the process of cell division, its intake is necessary for the growth and weight gain of the baby. This vitamin is taken as directed by a doctor, in the event that they have a deficiency of this component.

Overdose leads to intoxication. It can lead to undesirable consequences in the development of the baby, heart disease.

Vitamin A is found in large quantities in the liver, vegetables and fruits, as well as in fish oil. Its absorption by the body is higher if consumed with a diet rich in fats.

In the early stages of pregnancy, a woman needs to take care of a set of foods rich in these substances.

In addition to the translated vitamins, iron preparations are prescribed at the first stage of pregnancy. It is not part of a multivitamin for pregnant women, so it is taken separately from other means.

Iron is necessary to maintain normal hemoglobin levels for both mother and child. The lack of this element threatens anemia.

Second trimester

During this period, some others are added to the vitamins taken earlier.

Vitamin D

These vitamins during pregnancy prevent the development of rickets in a child. In the second trimester, the child begins to actively increase. Growth is accompanied by the development of bones, which so need vitamin D. It is often prescribed together with calcium, since their joint absorption is much higher.

Calcium is found in large quantities in cottage cheese, kefir, cheese. Often, women during pregnancy, lacking this element, gobble up chalk with great pleasure.

Vitamin D enters the human body with sunlight. In winter, it is necessary to take preparations of this vitamin, since the activity of the sun is lower.

Vitamin E

Vitamin E for pregnant women is just as important.

For a woman in position, this vitamin is necessary starting from the second trimester of pregnancy. With the growth of the child, the woman's stomach increases, which leads to the appearance of stretch marks. Vitamin E improves skin elasticity.

In addition, it is necessary for the normal state of the placenta. A lack of vitamin E can adversely affect its functioning and cause a threat of miscarriage.

This vitamin is an excellent antioxidant, protects against infectious diseases, improves blood circulation and helps the normal movement of oxygen from mother to child.

The body of a woman is able to independently produce vitamin E, so it should be taken only with a deficiency. It is worth remembering that an overdose of this vitamin can be dangerous.

The need to take vitamin E, the dosage should be prescribed by a doctor in cases where the body is not able to produce it in sufficient quantities. The daily dose during pregnancy ranges from 200 to 400 mg.

In addition to preparations containing this vitamin, it can be obtained in large quantities if you eat seafood, cereals, nuts, sorrel and prunes.

third trimester

In addition to taking vitamins during pregnancy are vitamin K, vitamin C.

Vitamin K

The need for this vitamin is due to the final formation of the unborn baby. This component is involved in the formation of the bone system, protein synthesis.

Lack of vitamin K during pregnancy can lead to diseases of the spine.

Foods rich in this vitamin are greens, nuts, legumes, cabbage, dried fruits.

Vitamin C

The benefits of this vitamin are known, it must be received in sufficient quantities by all people, and especially during pregnancy. It is able to strengthen the body, increase its resistance to viruses, which is especially necessary for a pregnant woman.

Vitamin C can be obtained by eating citrus fruits, herbs, rose hips.

The necessary set of vitamins during pregnancy

A woman needs to take vitamins during pregnancy, as her body must receive them in a larger volume due to the growth of the fetus. With the course of pregnancy, the development of the fetus entails the depletion of the body of the expectant mother. She gives all the substances necessary for the baby, thereby experiencing a lack. Lack of vitamins leads to anemia, toxicosis, general weakness.

The best prenatal vitamins are found in food. It is important during this period to properly make a diet. Food should be varied and healthy. The regime of the day is of great importance, where great importance is attached to walks and being in the fresh air.

However, it is not always possible to get everything from food, even with a carefully balanced diet. Therefore, a woman should take a complex of vitamins during pregnancy in the form of medications.

You need to know what vitamins to drink during pregnancy, because not all drugs found in pharmacies are suitable for pregnant women.

You should beware of the inscription "is not a drug." Biologically active additives(dietary supplements) rarely contain the required dose of vitamins. Therefore, it is better to use proven drugs.

Vitamins for pregnant women 1 trimester:

• folic acid;
• magne B6;
• vitamin A;
• iron.

Vitamins - 2nd trimester:

• calcium + vitamin D;
• vitamin E;

vitamins - 3rd trimester:

• vitamin C;
• vitamin K.

Currently, there are many drugs specially designed for pregnant women, they have a complex of essential vitamins and minerals for each period of pregnancy. Among these drugs

1. Elevit Pronatal.
2. Vitrum Prenatal Forte.

About these vitamins for pregnant women, the reviews speak of both the pros and some of the cons of the drugs.

Here is what the women who took them write.

1. I am a mother of three children, all three pregnancies proceeded with low hemoglobin, so iron supplements were constantly prescribed. In addition to them, in the third pregnancy I decided to take Complivit (mother). I was satisfied with these vitamins. Relatively inexpensive, contain all the necessary complex. (Ekaterina, 34 years old).
2. For the first time, Complivit (mother) was prescribed, but side effects were found: nausea, heart pounding. I had to give up and heavily eat vegetables and fruits. Now the second pregnancy, chose Elevit Pronatal, side effects was not, however, a little pricey. (Victoria, 25 years old).
3. I was satisfied with Alphabet (mother's health), these multivitamins contain everything you need, no side effects were observed, although I tolerate all medications well. Together with these vitamins I take preparations containing iodine and iron. (Anna, 20 years old).
4. I took Complivit (mother) very well helped with toxicosis. Now the second pregnancy, toxicosis is terrible, the effect is zero, I will have to change the drug. (Svetlana, 27 years old).
5. I took Vitrum Prenatal Forte, good vitamins, as part of the entire necessary complex, however, they can cause side effects. I tolerated the drug well, nothing side effects were observed, in addition, I took it during breastfeeding. Vitamins helped during lactation, there was a lot of milk, she fed for 2 years. (Natalia, 26 years old).

Pregnancy - milestone in a woman's life. She should take care not only about her health, but also about the health of the unborn baby. Therefore, it is important that all the necessary substances receive both in sufficient quantities. The best way for this, a balanced diet in combination with vitamins and hiking outdoors.

Properly composed diet for the period of pregnancy is the key to the health of the expectant mother and her baby. But even the highest quality and diverse food products are not able to provide the body with all the necessary substances necessary for the successful gestation and full development of the fetus. Vitamins for pregnant women, produced in the form of pharmacological preparations, will help to cover the increased need for mineral components and organic compounds.

According to research conducted by the World Health Organization, women who are well-nourished need only folic acid and iron supplements. Pregnant women, whose diet is far from recommended by doctors, must, in addition to the above substances, also take multivitamin complexes that will make up for the deficiency of components that are indispensable for the development of the child.

In general, the appointment of certain drugs is carried out in accordance with the individual characteristics of each woman, taking into account the anamnesis, age, climatic conditions and working conditions. Be sure to prescribe multivitamins for multiple pregnancies, vegetarian women, chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and the presence of bad habits.

If a second pregnancy occurs less than two years after the previous one, it is necessary to drink vitamins.

There are also opponents of taking synthetic drugs, who consider it inappropriate to include them in the diet. In their opinion, all useful substances can be obtained from food, as it was in the days of our ancestors. However, the statement does not stand up to scrutiny, since the quality of food today leaves much to be desired. Therefore, you should not risk your own health and the condition of the baby, guided by these statements.

Vital prenatal vitamins

Currently, scientists know 13 vitamins, each of which has a certain effect on human body. All of them are involved in the physiological and biochemical processes occurring in organs and tissues, act on metabolism and prevent various changes and disorders in cells. At the stage of pregnancy, the most important are 4 vitamins and 3 chemical elements.

1. Vitamin B9. Participates in the formation of the neural tube and the brain of the unborn baby. Folic acid contributes to the proper development of the placenta, serves as a prevention of miscarriages, missed pregnancy and fetal defects.
2. Vitamin A. Participates in the development of bone tissue, mucous membranes and retina, promotes the production of red blood cells and ensures optimal blood counts.
3. Vitamin C. Increases immunity and resistance to pathogenic bacteria, facilitates the absorption of iron.
4. Vitamin E. It plays an important role in the development of the placenta, regulates blood circulation and blood clotting, prepares the lungs of the baby, reduces the risk of anemia and the threat of self-abortion.
5. Calcium. It is part of the bone, connective tissues, dentin, contributes to the proper development of internal organs, skin, eyes.
6. Iodine. It helps the fetus to receive hormones from the mother's body, ensures the formation of a healthy brain, genital organs, heart muscle, and the musculoskeletal system.
7. Iron. It serves as an anemia prevention, participates in the delivery of oxygen to the growing fetus.

The best vitamins for pregnant women should contain at least all of the listed substances and additional components that can be prescribed by a doctor according to indications.

The norm of vitamins during gestation

The rate of consumption of certain organic and inorganic compounds differ in individuals of different categories. For women bearing a child, the following vitamin standards are established:

• B9 - 0.8-1 mg;
• B1 - 1.5-2.0 mg;
• B5 - 4-7 mg;
• A - up to 2500 IU;
• D - 400-600 IU;
• E - 10-15 IU;
• B2 - 1.5-2.0 mg;
• B6 - 2.5 mg;
• B12 - 3.0-4.0 mcg;
• B3 - 15-20 mg;
• C - 70-100 mg;
• K - 65-80 mcg;
• H - 30-100 mcg.

Of the trace elements, calcium (1000-1200 mg), phosphorus (1200 mg), magnesium (320-355 mg) and iron (30-60 mg) should be supplied to the mother's body most of all.

Vitamins by trimester

Every three months of pregnancy is a certain stage in the development of the organism of the developing fetus. As the child grows and develops in the mother's womb, the needs for certain substances coming from outside also change. Hypo-, hypervitaminosis, lack or excess of minerals can lead to serious consequences for the fetus and are fraught with negative influence on a woman's health.

1st trimester

The first 12 weeks of gestation is the period of laying the fetal nervous system, which ensures the formation of mental functions after birth. For the favorable completion of this process, folic acid is responsible, which must be supplied in sufficient quantities.

Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) will help prevent toxicosis, convulsive symptoms and increased nervousness. He is also involved in the formation of the nervous system of the fetus, but the drug is prescribed from the eighth week of pregnancy. In order for pyridoxine to be well absorbed, it is taken along with the macronutrient magnesium.

Vitamin A is included in the diet at the end of the 1st trimester and continues to be consumed at the beginning of the second. Retinol will help maintain the correct proportions of the embryo, since at this time it begins to grow rapidly and increase in size.

2nd trimester

In this period, a woman is in dire need of calciferol - vitamin D for pregnant women provides an active and fast growth baby. The lack of this vitamin leads to the formation of intrauterine rickets - the bones do not acquire the necessary hardness, and the musculoskeletal system is formed incorrectly.

Tocopherol (vitamin E) must be included in the complex of vitamins of the second trimester. It has a beneficial effect not only on the growth and development of the child, but also ensures good uterine compliance, normal functioning of the placenta and reduces the risk of preterm birth.

Starting from the 12th week, the need for minerals increases, in particular, calcium and iron, since they are actively spent on building the skeleton and forming the baby's blood cells.

last trimester

There is no need for folic acid at this time, so it can be canceled. Until the end of pregnancy, you will have to take vitamins B6 and E, as well as iron and calcium supplements. They will support the fetus at the stage of the final formation of internal organs and will serve as a prevention of developmental delay.

Popular vitamin and mineral complexes

Women who are planning the birth of a baby and are responsible for their own health should listen to medical recommendations regarding the use of a complex of vitamins for pregnant women.

Modern pharmacological companies offer a large selection of drugs to maintain the health of the mother and the full development of the body of the future newborn. It is difficult to say which one is better or worse - each tool has useful composition aimed at solving a particular problem.

Elevit

Multivitamin complex, which is available in the form of grayish-yellow tablets. The product contains 12 vitamins (A, E, D3, C, group B, PP) and 7 minerals (manganese, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, calcium, zinc, copper).

The dose of each substance is carefully selected in accordance with the needs of the mother's body and the growing fetus. Elevit is prescribed for the prevention of hypovitaminosis in women with malnutrition, as well as for individual indications. The recommended daily dose of the drug is 1 tablet.

Elevit pronatal tab. p.o. No. 100

Vitrum

The drug, developed by American pharmacists, is offered to customers in two forms: Prenatal and Forte. Both complexes are intended for pregnant women, but have a different composition and percentage of components. Vitrum Forte has a richer content of substances - this includes iodine, beta-carotene, calcium pantothenate, biotin, copper oxide, manganese, molybdenum, selenium and chromium.

Both versions are enriched with vitamins: A, E, C, B1, B2, B3, B6, B9, B12, D3, as well as macro- and microelements - iron, calcium, zinc.

Vitrum Prenatal is taken as a prophylactic during gestation, and Forte is intended to solve specific problems of the physiological state of a pregnant woman.

Vitrum prenatal tab. p.p.o. #100

Femibion

A complex that contains the optimal amount of folate (folic acid) and nutrients (minerals). An additional element of the product is the patented substance metafolin, a biologically active form of vitamin B9, which is absorbed much better than folic acid in its usual form. Therefore, the drug is intended for patients than the body is not able to fully convert and absorb B9.

In addition to the 9-component vitamin mix, Femibion ​​contains iodine, which is indispensable for the health and full functioning of the thyroid gland.

The form of the drug marked "1" is prescribed when planning conception and in the first 12 weeks of gestation, and with the marking "2" - starting from the second trimester of pregnancy.

Femibion ​​natalker i tab. p.o. No. 30

Alphabet

The full name of the remedy is “Mom's Health Alphabet”. The peculiarity of the drug is that in one blister there are tablets of three colors - pink, blue and milky. Each of them is intended for use strictly at certain hours - respectively, in the morning, afternoon and evening.

The developers of the tool claim that this approach allows a pregnant woman or a nursing mother to receive 30% more useful substances compared to other popular complexes.

Each of the tablets in the composition has a certain list of nutrients and vitamins that are best absorbed at a specific time of day.

Alphabet classic tab. #60

Pregnacare

Multivitamin for pregnant women, produced in the form of gelatin capsules of dark brown color. The composition of the drug includes a standard set of vitamins and minerals with only one difference - there is no calcium in Pregnacare, so if this macronutrient is deficient, the drug will not work.

Otherwise, the complex has a beneficial effect on the body - it regulates metabolic processes, increases defenses, immunity, vitality and physical activity pregnant, prevents malformations of fetal development.

One capsule per day will be enough to make up for the deficiency of vital components.

Pregnacare caps. #30

materna

Materna is a prenatal vitamin, the positive effect of which is due to a carefully selected combination and concentration in combination with important nutrients.

Coated tablets contain vitamins B9, B5, B12, B2, B1, B6, C, E, D. Of the nutrients here are iron, manganese, zinc, iodine, chromium, selenium. Especially valuable is the content of calcium in the composition, the lack of which is extremely acutely felt in the last months of bearing a child.

The dose and regimen of taking the drug is developed by the attending physician in accordance with the individual needs of the pregnant woman.

Prenatal vitamins

The composition of these pills fully corresponds to the physiological needs of the female body in the process of bearing the fetus and provides it with 75% of useful substances.

Complivit Mama will be useful for nursing mothers and those who are just planning to conceive.

Complivit components are able to be absorbed into breast milk, which provides the baby with useful vitamins and minerals.

Complivit Mama for pregnant and lactating women tab. p / o captivity. #60

Multi-tabs Perinatal

The pharmacological agent is a source of folic acid and iodine, which contributes to the harmonious formation of the fetus and the optimization of the level of female hormones. The drug serves as a prevention of stillbirth, malformations of intrauterine development, malnutrition and vascular disorders of the embryo. The rich vitamin and mineral composition provides the mother's body with everything necessary for good health, good mood and easy pregnancy.

Tablets are taken orally without chewing once a day. It is necessary to drink the product with plenty of purified water for better absorption.

Multi-tabs perinatal tab. p / o captivity. #60

Other complexes

The list of multivitamin complexes for expectant mothers can be continued. Their composition is largely similar, but every woman gets the opportunity to choose the best drug for herself, which will not cause allergic reactions and will be feasible for the family budget.

What else do pharmacies offer:

• emfetal;
• Amway;
• Pregnavit;
• Magnelis;
• Orthomol;
• Fertilovit;
• Pregnazon.

The advantage of vitamins in tablets is the ability to accurately control and regulate the dosage of nutrients, which, when used familiar products food is difficult to do.

The importance of choosing drugs with a doctor

Any multivitamin complexes are not harmless drugs that a future woman in labor can prescribe herself. Excess substances, as well as their lack, can lead to serious consequences for the fetus and mother.

For example, the abuse of tocopherol leads to a violation of the functionality of platelets, a supersaturation of calciferol causes calcification of the placenta and fetal skeleton, an overdose of ascorbic acid is fraught with kidney disease.

Therefore, doctors strongly advise not to self-prescribe drugs and strictly follow the dosage prescribed by the gynecologist. Pharmaceuticals often cause allergic reactions, so you have to review their intake and select products that will be well tolerated by the female body.

Individual characteristics, anamnesis, living conditions, blood counts - all this should be assessed by the doctor before prescribing this or that vitamin complex.

Simultaneous intake of several drugs containing a complex of vitamins and nutrients is not recommended during pregnancy.

Conclusion

Pregnancy is a wonderful and at the same time difficult period in a woman's life. Properly organized nutrition will saturate the body with the necessary substances for the successful bearing and feeding of the child.

But vitamin preparations cannot be ignored - they will allow you to clearly control the intake of the most important components in the diet and serve as a prevention of serious pathologies of the embryo.

The main mission of a woman in society is the continuation of the family. When planning a replenishment in the family, you first need to think about your health. You can start drinking special multivitamins for pregnant women even before the conception of a child. This will allow the fetus to fully develop in the early stages of pregnancy.

Before choosing pharmacy vitamin products, you need to talk with your doctor to find out which ones are better. Only a specialist can prescribe a suitable complex, taking into account the general well-being of the woman, the month of pregnancy and the results of the examination.

Why do pregnant women need to take vitamins?

The body of a girl preparing to become a mother functions in an increased rhythm. He needs to nourish with useful substances and oxygen not only a woman, but also a developing fetus.

Not every woman can provide herself with proper nutrition, rich in multivitamins and minerals. In addition, current products are not natural and healthy enough, since most vegetables and fruits are grown using pesticides and nitrates.

Modern multivitamin preparations, such as Pregnacare or Femibion, include essential components that provide the mother and child with the missing trace elements. It is important that the unborn baby is born healthy. Regular intake of synthetic vitamin complexes during gestation will ensure the full development of the baby at every stage of pregnancy.

Is it safe to take vitamin complexes for pregnant women?

According to scientists, it is believed that if a girl eats natural products, she no longer needs to drink vitamins for pregnant women. The consequence of this may be their excess in the body, which will also negatively affect the mother and child.

In addition, the need for vitamins during gestation is individual for each woman. It depends not only on her general health, but also on her diet, as well as on the time of year. Vitamin and mineral pharmaceutical preparations are compiled without taking into account the seasonal factor, so there may be an imbalance in the amount of a particular vitamin in the body.

If the doctor has studied the history of the expectant mother and recommends taking multivitamins (Pregnacare or Elevit Pronatal), you need to listen to him. You may need a course of one specific vitamin or mineral component (calcium, iron, magnesium, iodine, retinol).

How to choose the right vitamins?

Manufacturers are trying to include in vitamin complexes the entire list of necessary components that are so important for the body of a woman in position and her unborn child. The drugs differ among themselves in the dosage of useful substances, cost and the presence or absence of auxiliary components.

It is necessary to select good multivitamin complexes with your doctor, since their slight deficiency can be corrected by nutrition, especially in summer. By adding to the diet sea ​​kale, fish, apples and dairy products, you can replenish iodine, and meat, eggs, cereals and dried fruits will help to enrich with iron.

In addition, you need to be guided by the duration of pregnancy and the general health of the woman herself.

Indications for the use of vitamins during pregnancy

Not every woman changes her lifestyle during gestation, and when it comes to a healthy balanced diet, it is not always possible to stick to it. In this situation, taking multivitamin complexes for pregnant women, such as Complivit or Elevit pronatal, will help replenish the body with the necessary components and vitamin groups.

The attending physician gives Special attention physiological and individual characteristics of the pregnant woman. Indications for the use of vitamin complexes are:

• age (pregnant women under 18 and over 30);
• malnutrition;
• previous miscarriage or birth of a disabled child;
• poor test results (anemia);
• 2 or more embryos.

First trimester

The first trimester is the most significant stage for the entire period of pregnancy. In the first weeks, all the vital organs of the fetus are laid. Important for the normal development of the child are:

• Vitamin A (retinol). Affects the formation of the baby's skeleton, nerve cells and organs of vision. The correct dosage of retinol is important, because due to its excess, the fetus often develops heart muscle defects.
• Vitamin E. It is very important for maintaining pregnancy in the early stages and the formation of the placenta.
• Folic acid (more in the article:). Gynecologists recommend taking the substance at the stage of planning a child. Participates in the reliable reproduction of genetic material, cell division, protects against miscarriage, the development of anemia.

Top of the best pharmaceutical preparations, effective during the first 12 weeks, include Femibion ​​(without iron) and Elevit pronatal. They contain irreplaceable multivitamins and mineral components necessary for the development of the fetus at the beginning of pregnancy.

Second trimester

In the second trimester, for the full development of the fetus, other important trace elements will be needed: iodine, iron and calcium. They are involved in the processes:

• the formation of the baby's skeleton;
• mental development;
• organ development endocrine system;
• full supply of oxygen to the placenta.

If these elements enter the body in excess, they may accumulate in the urine and placenta. This is not the norm, so it is important to follow the dosage recommended by the gynecologist.

third trimester

By this time, all the vital organs of the baby have already formed and, if there were no deviations in the process of gestation, vitamins are not prescribed. Only a gynecologist can prescribe vitamins in the third trimester, given the history of the pregnant woman. It could be Femibion ​​or Complivit Mom.

At this stage, the fetus is improving the nervous system, developing sensory organs. The body of the expectant mother should receive vitamins A, C, K and D, iron and calcium. Vitamin deficiency during this period affects the health of a woman. She may have:

• problems with teeth, nails and hair;
• disorders of the pancreas;
• low hemoglobin level.

Rating of vitamins for women in position

The pharmaceutical market offers a wide selection of vitamin and mineral complexes and supplements for women in position. According to doctors and women themselves, the top ten most popular ratings include:

• Vitrum (made in the USA, UniPharm company);
• Elevit (from Roche, France);
• Femibion ​​(Austrian company Merck KGaA & Co. WerkSpitta;
• Alphabet "Mom's health" (Russia);
• Complivit (Russia);
• Pregnavit (German company Merkle ratiopharm);
• Multi-tabs (Denmark, Russia);
• Pregnacare (Great Britain);
• Solgar prenatal (USA);
• Lonopan (Russia).

Comparison table of vitamin complexes

Taking multivitamin preparations is important both in early pregnancy and in the second and third trimesters. In modern complexes, manufacturers have tried to reunite the most necessary minerals and vitamins in one or another period of pregnancy. List of the most requested and their distinctive features presented in the table.

Side effects and contraindications

A contraindication to taking such drugs is individual intolerance to one or more components. With prolonged use of multivitamin complexes, side effects occur in the form of:

• constipation;
• nausea;
• allergic reaction;
• vomiting;
• drowsiness;
• habituation to individual components.

The most dangerous side effect is hypervitaminosis (an excess of vitamins). Depending on which vitamin is in excess, there are the following complications:

• damage to the mother's kidneys, heart defects, nervous system, arms and legs of the fetus - an overdose of vitamin A;
• oxygen starvation of the fetus, too dense structure of the skeleton and skull - an excess of vitamin D;
• late toxicosis - a lot of vitamin C;
• the risk of bleeding during childbirth - excessive intake of vitamin E.

Is it possible to do without vitamins?

When a girl is in a position, in order to maintain her body and for the full development of her unborn baby, daily intake of vitamins and microelements is mandatory. If some mineral or vitamin is supplied in a meager amount or absent altogether, this is fraught with the occurrence of abnormalities in the development of the fetus.

Hypovitaminosis is dangerous:

• the occurrence of a miscarriage;
• fetal hypotrophy;
• the development of intrauterine hypoxia;
• insufficient development of the immune system;
• anemia
• the occurrence of rickets in a child;
• development of heart defects.

For mom, a lack of vitamins is also dangerous. A woman may experience the following symptoms of hypovitaminosis:

• dizziness;
• nausea;
• migraine;
• respiratory infections;
• fragility of nails;
• decrease in working capacity;
• hair loss;
• stomach ache;
• diarrhea;
• tremor.

Some pregnant women refuse to take synthetic vitamins, because they believe that it is possible to get the missing elements by introducing the necessary foods into the diet. During the period of bearing a child, nutrition should be correct and balanced.

You can get the necessary supply of nutrients from food:

• vitamin A (found in the liver, fish, milk, eggs, spinach, parsley, carrots, cottage cheese);
• vitamin C (found in red fruits and vegetables, citrus fruits, cauliflower, beans);
• vitamin E (they are rich in milk, vegetable oils, wheat germ, lettuce);
• B vitamins (found in cereals, milk, meat, liver, eggs, wheat germ, fish, beans, peas);
• vitamin D (found in fish, egg yolk, vegetable oil, beef liver and meat);
• vitamin K (present in cauliflower, onions, spinach, lentils, green tea);
• vitamin H (found in egg yolk, nuts, oatmeal, milk, chocolate);
• vitamin F (found in dried fruits, fish oil, olive oil) (see also: ).

To prescribe synthetic vitamins or not - the doctor must decide. If the expectant mother has any health problems or she is at risk (she is over 30 years old, has multiple pregnancies, had a miscarriage or premature birth), the specialist will definitely prescribe her a course of pharmacy vitamins.

While waiting for a baby, the female body changes a lot: at the level of metabolism, the work of the hormonal system, blood composition and, accordingly, the need for various nutrients. A certain amount of micronutrients is required for both the developing baby and the growing placenta. So expectant mothers really have a need for an additional portion of vitamins and microelements.

“The situation is aggravated by the fact that most women enter pregnancy already with a vitamin deficiency,” says Valery Sergeev, MD, Head of the Laboratory of Nutrition of the Russian scientific center medical rehabilitation and balneology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, nutritionist-gastroenterologist. - About 70% of Russians suffer from their shortage. Moreover, regardless of age, income level and social status.

Due to these circumstances, the expectant mother should not expect to gain her norm of nutrients only with food. But you should not completely rely on vitamin-mineral complexes. It is very important to take into account your condition, as well as the trimester of pregnancy.

In a complex or separately?

If, for one reason or another, a woman cannot eat a varied diet, taking vitamins during pregnancy is extremely important. And even with an ideal diet, there are those vitamins and minerals that you can’t get with food alone.

“These nutrients are required by the body in very small amounts, thousandths and even millionths of a gram,” says Natalya Timofeeva, obstetrician-gynecologist of the perinatal medical center of the Mother and Child group of companies. “But food often fails to provide even that. During pregnancy, deficiency of vitamin D, folic acid, lack of iron, calcium, iodine and zinc are especially dangerous.

Nevertheless, doctors today do not prescribe vitamin-mineral complexes to all expectant mothers in a row. “Many doctors refuse vitamin therapy due to the fact that it provokes excessive growth of the fetus,” explains Ekaterina Krivtsova, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Professor of Moscow State Medical University, Vice-President of the Interdisciplinary Scientific Society for the Prevention and Treatment of Obesity. “Bigger babies are born who are at higher risk of developing a number of diseases: metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabetes.”

Doctors are increasingly saying that vitamins and minerals should be taken, focusing on the trimesters of pregnancy, and separately. “Different micronutrients need to be drunk in different time days,” explains Natalya Timofeeva. - Vitamins are taken in the first half of the day, trace elements - in the second. Moreover, the latter are better absorbed between meals.

How to take vitamins in trimesters

At different stages of pregnancy, both mother and baby require a different set of vitamins and minerals.

First trimester

* Folic acid

Ideally, you need to start taking three months before the intended conception, and finish at the third month of pregnancy. It is most needed at 2-4 weeks of pregnancy, when the neural tube is laid (the brain will subsequently develop from it).

How much do you need? The doctor selects the dosage individually, depending on your condition, it can be from 0.4-0.8 mg per day.

Why accept? Folic acid is needed by all women planning a pregnancy. After all, it helps the birth of a new life:

Supports cell division;

Ensures the correct transfer of genetic information, participating in the synthesis of DNA bases and RNA molecules;

Promotes the full formation of the placenta, reducing the risk of miscarriages and miscarriages.

* Vitamin A

It is prescribed 2-3 months before the planned pregnancy and at its very beginning, at 1.5-2 months. Then you should take a break and drink another course 2-3 months before the birth.

How much do you need? During pregnancy, about 2500 IU of vitamin A is needed.

Why accept? Vitamin A is essential for cell division and their differentiation into different tissues. That is why it is prescribed before pregnancy and in the early stages. In the later stages, it supports the normal development of the skeleton, visual apparatus and nervous system.

* Vitamin E

Appointed a few months before the intended conception, in the first trimester, the reception continues.

How much do you need? The daily dose is about 15 mg.

Why accept? In a non-pregnant woman, vitamin E normalizes the production of female sex hormones and the menstrual cycle, promoting conception. Then it protects against early forms of toxicosis and miscarriages for a short time.

Take courses during the first two trimesters.

How much do you need? The daily dose is 1500 mg.

Why accept? At the beginning and middle of pregnancy, calcium is necessary for the normal formation of the skeleton, kidneys and endocrine system. But in the last trimester, an excess of this microelement is fraught with ossification of the skull of the crumbs and, accordingly, difficult childbirth.

Get right amount calcium with food is problematic for expectant mothers, so they are prescribed special preparations, which vary greatly in their effectiveness. “The drugs of the first generation - calcium salts, for example, gluconate or phosphate, are very poorly absorbed in the intestines and, accordingly, are poorly absorbed,” says Valery Sergeev. - Second-generation drugs - calcium salts plus vitamin D - are quite effective. Third-generation drugs are even more effective due to the set of trace elements. Therefore, they are often appointed precisely. These funds include calcium, vitamin D, zinc, copper, manganese, boron, magnesium and other trace elements.

* Vitamin C

Askorbinka should be taken in the first and third trimesters of pregnancy. And if a woman smokes, it is mandatory before conception. In this case, the doctor may prescribe 80-90 mg 2-3 months before the planned pregnancy.

How much do you need? The daily dose of vitamin C for a pregnant woman is 90-100 mg.

Why accept? Vitamin C is necessary for the normal formation of all membranes of the fetal egg and the proper development of the placenta.

II trimester

It is necessary to make up for the lack of iodine in the early stages of pregnancy in order to prevent congenital anomalies in the development of the fetus, endemic cretinism.

How much do you need?Future mother you need 250 mg of iodine per day.

Why accept? Iodine is necessary for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, which ensure the normal formation of the skeleton of the crumbs and intellectual development. It has been proven that in areas where the soil is poor in iodine, children are born whose IQ is 10-15% lower than the same indicator in babies from areas prosperous for this trace element.

“In the future mother, due to insufficient thyroid function, the metabolism slows down,” says Valery Sergeev . - Therefore, the woman begins to rapidly gain weight, and against the background of reduced appetite. She often complains of lethargy and lethargy, weakness and chilliness. The skin becomes dry, the nails thin, and the hair brittle. In this case, you need to see a doctor as soon as possible.

Iron preparations are prescribed to all pregnant women in the 2-3 trimesters.

How much do you need? On average - 30-60 mg per day. And sometimes more, for example, if the expectant mother is regularly engaged in fitness.

Much depends on what was the level of iron in the woman's body at the time of pregnancy. “A future mother should measure this level, because if there is not enough iron in the body, the dosage of drugs increases,” explains Valery Sergeev. - For these purposes, an analysis of the level of ferritin is best suited: it reveals a decrease in the supply of a microelement in the body before others. This condition is called latent iron deficiency. Some experts say that it is even more dangerous than anemia.”

Why accept? So that anemia does not develop, due to which the fetus will suffer from a lack of oxygen. In addition, iron is involved in the synthesis of a special protein necessary for muscle contraction. That is why its deficiency, even latent, is accompanied by muscle weakness, including the uterus, it will not be able to contract normally during childbirth.

III trimester

* Vitamin D

In the last trimester, it is prescribed to almost all expectant mothers for prenatal prevention of rickets.

How much do you need? The daily dose is 400 IU.

Why accept? Vitamin D maintains normal concentrations of calcium and phosphorus in the blood and thus participates in the formation of the skeleton of the unborn baby. In addition, this vitamin is necessary for the normal development of the fetal cardiovascular system.

When is it better to choose complex preparations

There are special situations when taking individual vitamins and minerals is not enough - you need to drink complex preparations. Here are some typical cases.

* Multiple pregnancy. In this case, vitamins and minerals for growth and development are required not for one, but for several babies at once. Yes, and mom puts on weight much faster, and her body needs more nutrients.

* Vegetarianism. In this case, the main sources of protein, calcium, vitamin B 12 - meat and dairy products are excluded from the diet. Their lack must be compensated.

* Toxicosis. In this case, it is simply not possible to eat your portion of vitamins and microelements!

* Active sports (more than four times a week). In principle, such women should take additional vitamins both before pregnancy and during it.

You live for yourself, you get on and suddenly at one fine moment you find out that you are pregnant. The news may be expected or a surprise, but one thing is clear that now nothing will be the same and life is running in a new direction. Changes begin with the body, now you need vitamin-enhanced nutrition so that both mother and baby get the full benefit. It often turns out that it is unrealistic to eat the necessary dose of vitamins from foods and then they ideally help out. pharmacy vitamins. The ranking of the best vitamins for pregnant women in 2020 will help you familiarize yourself with the products on the market and choose the most suitable one for each expectant mother.

How to choose

It is no secret that multivitamin preparations for pregnant women differ in composition from conventional vitamins. Special complexes already contain required amount useful substances and you do not need to calculate anything, as, for example, with fruits or vegetables. That's just the question arises: "Which company is better?". Pharmacy counters bloom with a colorful abundance of drugs, there is no shortage for a long time, on the contrary, it is difficult to decide on the variety. A rating of high-quality and popular drugs will be useful here, what advantages and disadvantages they have. Also, consider personal preferences. If you vomit from swallowing large capsules, then it makes sense to pay attention to the size or shape of the drug. Of course, the form of capsules and tablets is now more prevalent, but you can also find chewable and liquid vitamins.

Also, an important criterion when choosing can be the cost of funds, you can purchase an expensive complex, and if there are problems with finances, then there is always the opportunity to find more budgetary analogues.

Having decided for yourself which vitamins are better to buy, do not forget to consult with your gynecologist from the antenatal clinic.

Ranking of the best prenatal vitamins in 2020

Elevit-Pronatal

The combination of minerals and vitamins Elevit-Pronatal has long earned the first place among the drugs prescribed for expectant mothers. They contain everything you need to replenish the female body with various benefits. Especially a lot of vitamin A and folic acid, so necessary during pregnancy. The only thing missing is iodine, so it will have to be taken separately. The tool is suitable for the planning stage, during pregnancy and after. That is, you can not bother with torment for which trimester Elevit-Pronatal will be relevant. The drug is produced in the form of large gray-yellow oblong tablets, which are quite difficult to swallow. You need to take one tablet per day. According to buyers, thanks to the intake of Elevit-Pronatal, they had reduced emotional instability.

The cost depends on the number of tablets in the package, for 30 pieces you will have to pay from 750 rubles, and for 100 - from 2000 rubles. According to buyers, Elevit-Pronatal is the most reliable and balanced vitamin complex.

Elevit-Pronatal

Advantages:

• Ease of use;
• Contains folic acid;
• Do not cause heartburn;
• Gives strength;
• Possible for diabetics;
• Suitable for lactating women.

Flaws:

• Large size tablets;
• Lack of iodine;
• High price.

Vitrum Prenatal Forte

The American complex Vitrum Prenatal is very good, it can be taken by both pregnant and lactating women. This useful preparation contains an increased amount of beta-carotene, vitamin A and folic acid. The tablets are a decent size, and if you have trouble swallowing, it can be difficult. The product is sold in several formats: 30, 60, 100 and 120 tablets.

For the proper development of pregnancy, reducing the formation of congenital pathologies and increasing immunity, taking vitamins is necessary and Vitrum Prenatal Forte is ideal for this. Thanks to a balanced vitamin complex, it plays an important role in breastfeeding, saturating milk with useful components and preventing the mother's body from depleting. There are contraindications, including hypervitaminosis of vitamins A and D, so you should consult your doctor before taking it.

The cost varies from 655 rubles to 2400 rubles.

vitrum prenatal forte

Advantages:

• An excellent combination of components that is necessary for the normal functioning of the body;
• Maintains bones in a normal state;
• Contains folic acid;
• Ideal for hair and skin;
• Can also be used for diabetics.

Flaws:

• Large tablet size;
• The composition contains a dye;
• Possible side effects (itching, nausea, etc.).

Femibion

Femibion ​​multivitamins are divided into two types: for the first trimester and for the second trimester. The first is intended at the stages of pregnancy planning, as well as at the initial stages, up to and including the 12th week. The second Femibion ​​begins to drink from the 13th week. The product is produced in the form of tablets and capsules, while capsules are available only in Femibion ​​2. The complex contains precisely those vitamins that expectant mothers lack, including iodine. In addition to good balance, Femibion ​​has excellent digestibility. By the way, men can also take Femibion ​​1 at the stage of planning the appearance of a future family member. You can finish taking Femibion ​​2 either after childbirth or after breastfeeding.

The cost of the complex: Femibion ​​1 - from 550 rubles, Femibion ​​2 - from 1000 rubles.

Advantages:

• Optimal ratio of elements;
• Remarkable digestibility;
• Convenient reception scheme;
• For the proper development of pregnancy;
• Maintains bones in a normal state;
• Gives strength.

Flaws:

• High price;
• Some pregnant women noted the appearance of apathy.

One of the most popular Russian vitamin complexes for pregnant women is Alfavit. Love for him is due to the fact that with a smartly balanced composition, he has a budget price. The remedy is intended during pregnancy and is quite suitable for use during breastfeeding. The highlight of the drug is the division of tablets into colors. The manufacturer made such a move so that minerals with vitamins are even better absorbed, and there is an enhanced effect of the components. It is advisable to take the tablets with food, you get three doses per day. The break between tablets should be at least 4 hours. In size, the Alphabet is a small tablet, so there are usually no problems with swallowing.

You can buy them from 360 rubles. There are 60 pieces in a package.

Mom's health alphabet

Advantages:

• Well balanced composition;
• Convenient form;
• Save from fatigue and give strength;
• If you need to take certain vitamins, then they are easy to find by color;
• Affordable cost.

Flaws:

• Forgetful women will find it difficult to take three times a day.

Solgar Prenatal

Vitamins Solgar Prenatal are produced by the American company Solgar, and the brand is very popular both in the States and here. You can buy products in pharmacies or order through the American site iherb. The vitamin-mineral complex is perfectly balanced and contains many useful substances. In addition, the drug is endowed with the status of kosher, which means its mega health benefits.

In Solgar Prenatal you will not find any flavorings, artificial colors and gluten, so Russian expertise has confirmed their safety. The minerals that make up the drug are aimed at maintaining the full functioning of the heart, tissues and muscles of the fetus. Calcium comes in the form of carbonate and citrate, which prevents it from being deposited in the kidneys and allows it to be fully absorbed. The amino acid complex is remarkably selected and due to this, not only the vital activity of the fetus is ensured, but also the mother's well-being improves, emotional instability decreases.

You can buy Solgar Prenatal from 1100 rubles in pharmacies for 60 tablets. On iherb you can order from 1300 rubles (the price depends on the dollar exchange rate) for 240 tablets.

solgar prenatal nutrients

Advantages:

• Perfectly balanced composition;
• Contains iodine;
• Can be taken throughout pregnancy;
• Ideal for the normal functioning of the body;
• Maintains bones in a normal state;
• According to buyers one of the best.

Flaws:

• High price;
• Large capsules that are difficult to swallow.

Complivit Trimestrum

Of the inexpensive domestic drugs, Complivit Trimestrum has proven itself well. It is issued separately for each trimester, that is, in three forms. The complex intended for the first trimester is also suitable during the planning of the child. Each complex is filled with exactly those useful substances that a woman will need at this stage. So "Trimestrum 1" has in its composition a decent amount of folic acid, in the other two complexes it is already significantly less and the emphasis is on other vitamins. The drug does not contain iodine, so it can be taken by women who have increased function thyroid gland. The form of administration is small tablets that do not cause problems with swallowing.

Cost: from 270 rubles and above.

Complivit Trimestrum

Advantages:

• Budget;
• Easily swallowed;
• Contain folic acid in the required amount;
• Strengthen hair and nails.

Flaws:

• May cause allergies.

Multi-Tabs PERINATAL

One more good vitamins from a domestic manufacturer are called Multi-Tabs PERINATAL. They are produced according to Danish technology, and they include all the necessary substances. For full-fledged work thyroid composition is enriched with iodine. It also contains selenium and calcium. You need to take one tablet a day, and the result will not be long in coming. After the first days of taking, well-being improves significantly, hair becomes thicker and grows faster, nails become stronger. Vitamins should be started from the second trimester of pregnancy, and it is advisable to continue drinking during breastfeeding. Thanks to the saturation of the body with Multi-Tabs, you will avoid problems with your teeth in the future.

You can buy a drug that contains 60 tablets at a price of 570 rubles.

Multi-Tabs PERINATAL

Advantages:

• Affordable cost;
• Reduces emotional instability;
• Gives strength;
• Favorably affects the appearance of a woman;
• One tablet is enough to provide the body with useful substances.

Flaws:

• There may be allergic reactions.

Pregnawit

Budget drugs for pregnant women can also be found among foreign manufacturers, for example, Pregnavit capsules from a German brand. This combined multivitamin complex will be useful, both during childbearing and during feeding. The complex is enriched with vitamins of groups B, A, C, D, also contains iron and calcium. The product is available in the form of capsules. During the 1st trimester, a woman should drink one capsule, during the 2nd - two capsules, and during the 3rd - three. They are taken with meals and washed down with water. The minerals and vitamins contained in the preparation have an excellent effect on well-being, help to normalize the level of hemoglobin and the number of red blood cells.

Cost: from 700 rubles and above.

Pregnawit

Advantages:

• Balanced composition;
• Raise hemoglobin;
• Positively affect the condition of hair and nails;
• Prevent the possible development of rickets in a child;
• They have a great effect on the emotional state of a woman.

Flaws:

• Allergic reactions and problems with the gastrointestinal tract are possible;
• Not available in all pharmacies.

Rainbow Light Prenatal One

One of the highest quality American vitamins for pregnant and lactating women, according to buyers, is Rainbow Light Prenatal One. Since it contains a lot of vitamin A, it is advisable to take them in the third trimester and after the birth of the baby. In addition to a balanced composition of minerals and vitamins, the complex contains raspberry leaf, useful spirulina extract, ginger extract, lactobacilli for digestion. The product is available in the form of capsules, you need to take one piece per day. Since starting Rainbow Light Prenatal One, many women have noticed that their hair has stopped falling out and is growing better. It was also difficult not to note the appearance Have a good mood and the flow of energy.

You can buy them on the Eicherb website, the cost for a package with 30 capsules is 1070 rubles.

Rainbow Light Prenatal One

Advantages:

• Rich composition, contains even lactobacilli;
• Excellent effect on well-being;
• Improves appearance;
• Reduces emotional instability;
• Do not cause heartburn;
• Contains organic fruits and vegetables.

Flaws:

• Difficult to get;
• High price.

Conclusion

Just because you have diabetes or GDM doesn't mean you can't take vitamins. On the contrary, the body is experiencing an acute shortage of nutrients, and they can be replenished with a well-chosen multivitamin complex.

Owners poor eyesight, definitely, they are worried about how pregnancy will affect vision and whether it is possible to take drugs based on blueberry extract or with lutein. Regarding this, most manufacturers believe that they should refrain from taking funds to improve vision. There are, of course, reservations that it is possible to accept if the benefit to the mother is significantly higher than the harm to the fetus, but such deviations are very doubtful. It’s better to eat fresh blueberries or frozen ones, then there will be no harm to the baby.

When thinking about which complex to choose, rely on your personal preferences in the form of taking the drug, study the composition of the product and consult your gynecologist before buying. There are enough high-quality drugs on the Russian market, their minus, perhaps, is only in one thing - in the monotony of the format. Either a capsule or tablet is offered. When ordering American drugs, you can choose between chewable and liquid vitamins.

Don't stop taking vitamins just because you can't swallow huge capsules, there's always the possibility of finding a tasty and healthy alternative. Another thing is if the pregnancy fell on a warm time, and you heartily enjoy fresh fruits and vegetables, then the body will absorb the vitamins in their pure form. Remember that an overdose of vitamins is just as dangerous as their lack.

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