Summer and winter verandas. The main types of verandas attached to the house

Equip a cozy place of rest in the summer, rationally use adjoining territory, increase usable area, as well as to give the house a finished look that harmoniously fits into the landscape design, an open terrace adjacent to the main entrance will help.

In the article we will consider what kind of terraces are, what is better to use as a floor covering, how to comfortably equip a resting place so that neither rain nor sun interferes.

Translated from French, "terrasse" means an open area, mounted on supports and without a roof. Until recently, this was the case, but modernity dictates its own rules.

Terraces also began to be modernized, now you can find floorings near the house with temporary canopies or permanent roofs (see), because it is convenient - the canopy saves from rain and the scorching sun.

But all the same, no matter how the terrace is closed from above, it, as before, remains open, since it does not have main walls, instead of them there are low railings around the perimeter or columns that support the roof.

Important! An open terrace to the house can be located directly on the ground or stand on a small (15-40 cm) elevation, have one or more levels, adjoin one or three sides of the building or encircle the house around the perimeter.

An open terrace in the country house or near the house can be performed on the same level, this is acceptable if there is a lot of flat free space on the site.

When the landscape has a slope or large differences in height, it is not necessary to demolish the mountain or fill in the holes. A multi-level terrace will perfectly fit into the design, the main thing is to choose the appropriate design.

Terrace bases

In the classic version, the terrace design should be located on a separate foundation (see).

It can be of several types:

• Tape.
• Columnar.
• Pile.

Screw piles are installed at the corners of the building and under intermediate supports, the distance between the piles is decorated.

These may include the following materials:

• A natural stone.
• Brick.
• Vinyl siding.
• Decking (deck board).
• Wooden or metal grates.

The next type of base is columnar, here brick columns, wooden beams or concrete pillows can be used, on which the floor trim is placed. To avoid deflection or sagging of the timber, the distance between the posts is made no more than 2 meters.

Another type of foundation is tape, it runs along the entire perimeter of the building, can be arranged immediately during the construction of the main building or added later.

The unpresentable appearance of concrete is decorated with various finishing materials:

• Stone.
• Booth.
• Facade tiles.
• Decorative plaster.

You can do without a foundation at all, laying the flooring directly on the ground. You can make such a floor with your own hands, but before that you need to level the base, remove the fertile layer and add sand with a layer of 10–15 cm.

How to cover the floor on the terrace

It doesn’t matter if the terrace is roofed or not, it is almost equally exposed to negative weather conditions. In summer it is wet by rain, in winter it is covered with snow, plus everything is either frost or thaw. Seasonal temperature changes significantly worsen the condition of the flooring.

Therefore, the material for the floor on the open terrace must be chosen very responsibly so that it is not repaired annually. The modern industry offers a variety of floor coverings that are highly resistant to moisture, frost, decay and other troubles.

Types of flooring

The floor on the outdoor terrace can be made from the following materials:

1. Wood.

Boards are used most often, this is the most affordable option and their price is acceptable. Wood is environmentally friendly, durable, walking on such a floor is pleasant and even useful, but the service life of the coating depends on how well the initial treatment of the material with antiseptic and water-repellent agents was carried out.

In addition, the boards must be painted or varnished, otherwise the coating will swell and deform. But even with good impregnation and painting, it will be necessary to re-cover the floor with protective compounds once every one or two years, since wood has significant abrasion. And the main disadvantage of the tree is a fire hazard.

1. Porcelain tile, .

The advantages of tiles are the complete absence of moisture absorption, fire safety, resistance to fungus, microorganisms, ease of maintenance. The market offers a huge number of types, colors, sizes of porcelain stoneware, and its cost is affordable. This is one of the versatile materials that are easy to transport, stack, and operate.

The downside may be that the tile is still quite fragile and is afraid of aggressive mechanical stress, but it is not difficult to replace it. In addition, its cold surface, even on a hot day, is not very pleasant to walk barefoot, so this coating is not recommended for families with small children.

1. A natural stone.

The beauty of the texture of a wild stone makes you admire its surface for a long time, not a single element is similar in design to another, fantastic stains, unexpected ornaments evoke a feeling of unity with nature and bring you closer to the surrounding landscape.

The properties of the stone are similar to the characteristics ceramic tiles, but unlike porcelain stoneware, it is much stronger and is not afraid of heavy objects falling to the surface. But such material is expensive and not everyone can afford it.

1. Paving slabs.

Application various kinds, sizes, textures of paving slabs allows you to create original compositions on the terrace that are suitable for a particular interior. The floorings of open terraces with such a coating are not afraid of practically anything, they are not afraid of frost, rain and snow, they do not fade, do not crack, or rot.

The only inconvenience can be irregularities and gaps between the tiles, which quickly become clogged with dust and dirt, more time and effort is spent on maintenance and cleaning.

1. Decking (terrace or deck board).

Decking is one of the best floor coverings available today. The flooring for open terraces from a deck board is made of hard, moisture-resistant wood species, for example, larch (see), and is factory-coated with special compounds from rotting and moisture absorption. The board does not need to be painted, it does not give in to abrasion for a long time and retains a presentable appearance for years.

When laying the decking on a terrace without a roof, the instructions recommend leaving small gaps between the boards to drain rain and snow water. The boards are covered with special notches, it is impossible to slip on the floor even on a wet surface, a pleasant, warm coating always has an ambient temperature, and the notches have a massage effect.

1. Concrete or its variety - polished concrete.

Concrete is one of the most affordable flooring materials. It does not require any special skills and great experience work, such as tiles or boards.

Important! The device of a concrete floor requires a rigid base, it is recommended to lay it without a foundation, directly on the ground, on a prepared base. To eliminate the risk of cracking the monolith, the slab must be reinforced with a mesh, and expansion joints must be made on the surface, for example, as in the photo above.

1. Liquid wood (a mixture of crushed wood and polymer resins).

Composite material based on wood waste and polymer resins has collected all best qualities wood and plastic. Like wood, it is pleasant to the touch, warm, beautiful. Like plastic, it won't rot, crack or flake. It does not need to be painted or impregnated with any compounds; the service life of wood plastic is calculated in decades.

The simplest structure around country house or at the dacha of additional landscaped space - minimum work, and maximum pleasure. This is a veranda, patio, covered barbecue area or outdoor terrace. Here, in any weather, you can enjoy lunch and dinner outdoors with your family or with welcome guests. Or after dinner, chat online with friends, inhaling aromas blooming garden over a cup of mint tea with berry pie. But it is better to read a book in solitude during the midday heat or in rainy weather and indulge in pleasant memories and dreams under the measured rocking of a sofa swing. But you never know what you can do in the most pleasant part of the garden - at the junction of wildlife and urban amenities with garden furniture and sofa cushions?!

Terrace format selection

No matter how beautiful a new house in the countryside is, without garden paths, flower beds, a porch and a well-thought-out outdoor terrace, it looks unfinished. Yes, and in the summer, no matter how comfortable it is in the house, I want to take out an armchair and a table to eat outdoors with the whole family. And it is better when the rain does not drip behind the neck, and the sun does not blind. A veranda and a terrace, a covered barbecue area, a gazebo, a patio and a covered gallery, a shady arcade with grapes or climbing rose bushes… All these are close concepts, although each structure has its own characteristics. But we will not go into details and differences, although it is worth telling more about the open terraces, photo:

1. An open summer terrace is the simplest building in the form of a canopy on one side of the house, used in the warm season. At the base it has a landscaped area, and can be with or without a fence, on a foundation or paved with paving slabs, with piers between the bases for ceilings or decorative ornaments with carvings or forging.

2. A closed country terrace is used all year round, therefore it involves a wall and insulation. Usually this is a more solid building with waterproofing and a foundation, which should be built according to the project, preferably simultaneously with the construction of the house. It is more like a lightweight extension at the entrance to the house, that is, there is another opportunity to increase living space. A medium-sized room involves heating and lighting, air conditioning and ventilation, as well as stationary furniture that is not taken out into the garden. Often there is a winter garden or early seedlings are germinated, and if full heating is provided, then the family rests there in the winter. Such a structure is also an additional thermal buffer between the house and the external environment in cold climates.

3. Another variety is a universal open terrace to the house, for example, with frameless glazing, which is maximally open in summer and closed and insulated in the cold season. Sometimes it is advisable to install ready-made double-glazed windows and doors in ready-made window openings or niches for the winter, which are removed in the summer. The enclosed space is heated for the duration of the visit by the owners of the dacha with efficient electric heaters, and if not needed, heating is not used. This is convenient when a suburban household is visited periodically, and the general heating is designed only for the residential part of the house. Such a terrace is designed initially according to the needs of the owners, so that seasonal transformations are possible.

Attention: It makes no sense to plan the costly construction of an insulated covered terrace if the cottage is used only in the summer season. If this Vacation home or a cottage where it is not supposed to live all year round, a simple canopy or an open terrace is enough. And when visiting a private household every weekend, it is better to use the 3rd option.

Tip: It is not necessary that an open terrace in the country house be built right next to one of the walls. It can be a landscaped area between two auxiliary buildings, for example, a bathhouse and a garage, where grapes are used instead of a roof.

One wall of an intermediate platform with a full roof without climbing plants is best made of a translucent material to limit drafts. Or you can build an open terrace near the barbecue in a remote part of the garden, where it is convenient to relax with your family in the evenings.

If you have already understood what type of terrace you need, then it is important to decide on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bbuilding. Do not make it too big if there is not enough space in the yard or on the site. In addition, it will require a lot of building materials, even if it is the simplest foundation and planed boards. An example is an open terrace to the house, photo:

A terrace or a veranda is a patio decoration, so it makes no sense to save on construction, thanks to waste materials at hand and the use of low-quality “humped” wood. It is better to soundly make a small platform without a foundation, in the form of a simplified design, and then decorate it with carved half-walls or neat wooden sides.

Tip: Any construction is done once and for a long time, therefore, with a lack of high-quality building materials, it is better to carry out part of the work in stages, and when new funds arrive, complete the spectacular building. For example, an open terrace in the country, photo:

If an open extension is made near a large house on a grand scale, then it is important to take into account the style and overall landscape design of the site. Everything should be in harmony with the appearance of the estate. It makes no sense to “fun” a terrace more luxuriously than a small country house, although the modest porch of a luxurious house also looks somehow “scanty”. A single architectural ensemble creates a magnificent impression.

You can also make a patio with a pool, which is different from the terrace - it is more tied to the house and raised above ground level. Sometimes an open terrace is a modified or extended porch that includes steps and railings. And the ennobled area in the courtyard of the house is sometimes zoned with a hedge, laid out with paving slabs and a crate is made instead of a roof for climbing plants - also the simplest option for garden furniture.

Tip: Until your site has a full roof during the construction process, use an awning or beach umbrella using the unfinished terrace for its intended purpose.

Is it possible to make an open terrace on your own?

There is nothing easier than the construction of the simplest summer cottages, such as outdoor terraces with your own hands. Main stages of work:

• allocate space for a construction site for a terrace;
• draw a rough sketch or draft a structure with dimensions;
• remove all objects, debris and vegetation residues;
• make markup according to the project or drawing;
• we prepare a place for the foundation and make it;
• we lay beams and logs under the flooring;
• along the perimeter of the foundation we strengthen the bearing supports of the structure;
• we make the basis for the roof or visor;
• lay out piers between the supports;
• we complete the decoration or sheathing, leaving room for window openings, if this is an insulated option;
• we complete the construction of the roof in accordance with the general plan;
• engaged in interior decoration and arrangement.

Tip: Whichever version of the proposed illustrations you like, it is important to adjust it to suit your conditions. The construction of the terrace should be functional and practical, adapted to your site and home, and also take into account the lifestyle of the owners and the seasonality of the use of the building.

We will discuss the choice of a place for the construction of a terrace and its shape

The best place for an open terrace is to combine the functions of a porch or veranda, that is, at the entrance to the house. Sometimes a large country house is supposed to have 2-3 doorways, then it is most convenient to make an exit from the kitchen or hallway leading to the living room. It happens that there is nowhere to make a terrace below, since everything has already been paved up to the garage. As an option - an open terrace on the second floor, like a vast balcony with a canopy. This is convenient to do if the living room is located in the same place, next to the bedrooms.

Most often, the construction of an open terrace is done instead of a porch, and this is reasonable, especially at the main entrance. Even if there is no separate exit to a covered canopy that functions as a terrace, it can be made from the side of the kitchen so that food and drinks can be served through the window. Then it is desirable that the window has a wide window sill on both sides, like a tabletop.

Attention: In winter, snow will fall on the terrace and roll off the roof, so a light tarpaulin awning or a weak structure may not withstand the load!

When a landscaped area in a small courtyard is built arbitrarily, without reference to windows and doors, they always take into account:

• in what climate zone is the cottage;
• where and how the sunlight falls to shade;
• are there drafts and strong winds to close the wall;
• whether there are prolonged heavy rains in the summer;
• is there enough lighting or a lot of shade from garden vegetation;
• is it possible to organize artificial lighting in the evening, especially if the family sits up for a long time at dinner in the evenings.

Tip: In a cold climate, a terrace is built on the south side of the dacha, and in a hot climate, at the north wall. Create an extra shadow climbing plants. If there is little light, then the roof or visor is made transparent - glass, polycarbonate, plexiglass.

It is also important what kind of view will open from the terrace, because you want the garden ensemble to please the eye. If there is a need to hide the family from prying eyes, then it is better to relax in the patio. For those who want to impress the neighbors landscape design and the beauty of home ownership, you can make an open terrace at the entrance to the courtyard. When no one can see anything behind a high fence, except for periodically invited guests, the location of the equipped site is not important, it would be convenient for the owners.

The shape of the terrace does not have to be rectangular; a semicircular platform looks original or in the form of a polyhedron. However, such an arrangement of an open terrace will require much more building materials, the amount of lumber waste will increase, and there is a need for additional finishing. The same can be said about the configuration of the roof. And don't forget the roof drain!

Do you need a terrace project?

Before making an open terrace in the country, they usually make a project. This can be a simple drawing or a sketch showing all the dimensions for a simple wall canopy design. If this is an integral architectural ensemble of a country estate, then the design should be done by a specialist.

Everyone knows that any quality work begins with a well-thought-out plan and cost estimates, down to the smallest detail. Then a common foundation is made for the house and the terrace, the structure can be combined under a common roof.

If the terrace is built later, it is still preferable to complete it from common roofing materials. At the same time, it is important how it will be “sewn” to the main structure through reinforcement, and sometimes it is made as an autonomous covered structure. Careful study of all details during the design reduces construction time and minimizes unaccounted for factors that have to be eliminated along the way.

A light covered terrace is not a permanent structure, so it can be without a foundation and tied to a house. All these points are important to take into account in the project, which makes it easier to calculate construction costs. And the more competently it is compiled, the clearer the stages of the construction of a covered area and the consumption of materials.

If the project is made by an architect, he takes into account:

• soil features;
• climatic conditions;
• precipitation intensity;
• foundation load;
• dimensions and overall dimensions;
• type of supporting structure;
• roof configuration and slope angle;
• terrace glazing type;
• ladder structure;
• decorative trim.

Building materials for outdoor structures are selected resistant to moisture and fire. It is better to take wood with antiseptic impregnation and fungicides, with fire-fighting treatment. It is an ideal material for the construction of structural supports, its finishing and floor arrangement. Brick for piers is used light (hollow inside).

It is undesirable to make thick walls in order to minimize the shrinkage of the building. Lightweight foam concrete blocks are ideal for an insulated "winter" terrace. You can also use composite materials and homemade adobe bricks, if appropriate for the design of the country house. Required waterproofing between the foundation, concrete structure and flooring.

Any terrace project should be as economical and thoughtful as possible, taking into account the proposed furniture and free space. If there are only a sofa swing and a couple of chairs at a folding table or console, then 2-3 meters wide will be enough. In the event that a whole set of upholstered rattan garden furniture with soft pillows, a full table and chairs for 6 (or more) people are put on the terrace, the area of ​​​​the covered building can be increased to 5-6 meters from the wall of the house.

When choosing material for an open terrace, it is important to know that a full-fledged roof is not always justified. In the garden, climbing plants, grapes or flowers will successfully replace it, but it is important to decide:

• what type of green spaces is preferable;
• how often they will be planted;
• on which side of the terrace is it more comfortable for them to develop;
• how watering and fertilizing will be organized;
• whether harvesting is convenient if it is fruit plants.

Attention: Honey plants and strongly smelling plants should not be used. This will attract insects - bees, wasps and flies to the landscaped outdoor dining area. It is worth considering how to scare them away.

Advice: Right choice materials and competent design - a guarantee of quickly completed work. As a rule, it is proposed to take on the construction of such structures for those who have elementary building skills, tools and practice in working with wood. If certain steps are difficult, such as laying the foundation or roofing, it is better to entrust this to specialists.

Final stage:

• exterior and interior decoration of the terrace;
• landscaping and furnishing with garden furniture.

At a very modest dacha, you should not order an expensive project, which is usually entrusted to specialists. Here you can limit yourself to 2-4 pillars to support ceilings for an awning canopy or a polycarbonate visor. For such an accomplishment, it is enough to lay out the floors of the terrace with pebbles or tiles, decorate with plants in pots, adding hanging planters with flowers. Against the wall, you can make a sofa bench with handrails in the form of a small table - this is the simplest version of an open structure in the form of a veranda or terrace.

We build a terrace in the country (video) - we warm country house ik and attach a terrace to it.

A cozy and comfortable house with a front garden does not seem so convenient if there is not at least a simple building for outdoor recreation in the yard. The design can be a gazebo, a veranda, but best of all - an open terrace attached to the house. According to the mind, a terraced area made of wood or glued lumber material is laid in the project of the house before its construction. But even if the main box was built without a terrace, it can be made in the form of an extension.

Open terrace design

The terrace usually attached to the house embodies the owners' idea of ​​how a place in a private house should look like, where the main occupation is rest and idle pastime. Prior to the start of construction, it will be necessary to solve the main issues of the construction of a terraced site:

• Where will the extension be located, its height and dimensions;
• How to make a foundation and a roof for a future building;
• Choose the right material for the main elements of the outdoor terrace - flooring or flooring, stairs and railings, canopy.

Advice! In addition to choosing a design scheme attached to the house, you will need to take into account a lot of small but important details, for example, the location of furniture, how to ensure that water is diverted from the attached area, where to put the lighting.

We plan the basis for an open terrace area

The floor of the site is rarely raised to a significant height, most often this is the height of the threshold at the entrance to the house. Experts recommend raising the terrace floor above the level of the floors in the house, but in practice the height of the terrace is made completely arbitrarily, from a columnar foundation of 15-20 cm to 300 cm in height, transferring the extension to the roof of the veranda.

Usually, for an extension, the type of foundation that was used in the construction of the house is used: on screw or bored piles, strip concrete or columnar brick, slab or monolith. For an open terrace attached to wooden house, you can use piles from a bar.

Important! The use of a foundation for the attached terrace, similar in structure to the foundation system of the main building, makes it possible to ensure the same response to heaving or soil settlement.

The exception is screw piles, which can be used for open veranda any design.

On the prepared foundation, standard tying and laying of timber and lag boards are carried out, on which the floor of the attached terrace will be laid. Most of the structural elements of the attached site are made of wood treated with an antiseptic; for the floor, you can lay a terrace board or decide on a reinforced concrete casting.

How to arrange an attached terrace

The most difficult issue of manufacturing an open attached terrace area does not lie in the plane of the technical implementation of the project. It is much more difficult to correctly come up with and design how the extension of the terrace to the house should look like.

Most often, the design is drawn up in the form:

1. Porch area stretched along the facade of the building. The attached terrace is used as a platform in front of the entrance to the house, a place to relax and a place for temporary storage of inventory for the summer cottage;
2. Separate outdoor area placed in front of the facade of the building. Most often, the size of such attached terraces is calculated for the simultaneous stay and recreation of all family members, therefore, structurally, this is the most complex type of attached terraces;
3. In the form of a stone platform made of paving stones, laid in front of the entrance to the house. Such options are used for small yards, where the use of a full-sized attached terrace would block most of the passage. Instead of a stone floor, you can use wooden boards laid on top of a paved surface.

If tall trees planted around the house shade the extension space too much, the canopy can be made from honeycomb-type polycarbonate sheets. Racks are usually made of steel pipe or wooden beams.

An extension in the form of a porch in front of the entrance to the house

From the point of view of ease of use of the site, the terrace attached to the facade can be narrow and long, which simplifies the construction process, but in everyday use it may not always be convenient. Minimum Width the attached platform should be 150 -170 cm or more.

This size allows you to place furniture, a sofa or chairs, and there is still enough space for a passage. The advantage of such a building is the simple construction of the foundation. Screw piles hammered in close proximity to the blind area, wooden supports or poles will provide one hundred percent strength and stability of the attached terrace structure.

If the attached terrace structure is planned only for relaxation, this will be more than enough. But for receiving guests or dinner with the family, this option is not suitable.

To get rid of the wagon effect, the terrace area attached to the entrance to the house is calculated in advance and planned in the form of a rectangle with an aspect ratio of 1:3. Such a layout will make it possible to make a full-fledged place to relax with furniture. The entrance to the house allows you to use all the available amenities, from the kitchen to the bathroom.

Often, the narrow part of the terrace is combined with an extended platform in the form of an addition to the facade of the building. Such a scheme looks more than attractive, but in practice it is the most difficult type of attached structures in terms of implementation. frame houses- the most difficult for terrace additions.

The version of the attached terrace shown in the photo looks curious.

In addition to the canopy over the entrance to the house, a polycarbonate canopy is made. The area, finished terrace board, protrudes beyond the limits of the covered space by several meters, due to which total area terraces allows you to equip part of the territory for the needs of a summer kitchen.

The terrace can be installed directly on the ground, having made the layout of the site and a full-fledged drainage system along the contour of the extension.

The terrace structure can be extended along the entire facade of the building. In this case, for wide areas, the canopy will need to be made of wood with an awning.

Two-level and full-size terrace options

The construction of a complex and large terrace in the yard of the house can be used to close the unfortunate terrain of the yard, with puddles of groundwater. A flat stepped platform will get rid of the unsightly appearance of the yard.

The technology of erecting such terraces is no different from the usual pile foundation. The weight of the supporting frame is relatively small, but due to the stepped shape, the rigidity of the flooring is insufficient. In this case, traditional columnar foundations. Screw or bored piles made of asbestos-cement pipes are best suited.

A distinctive feature of the rendered open terraces is the use of wide steps of stairs. Previous schemes either did not have stairs, or the rise was built according to the standard porch scheme. Sites taken out of the roof due to the ground relief can have a height difference of up to 60-70 cm. To ensure a comfortable ascent, steps are used across the entire width of the site, without the use of railings and fencing.

Little things help make a country house cozier, for example, a small fountain in the garden, an old fireplace or a large terrace overlooking the surroundings. Building a terrace is not as difficult as it seems. The main thing is to make a plan in advance, moreover, with the maximum number details. First of all, it is about choosing a suitable place, calculating the area and buying building materials.

Note that a terrace can be built anywhere - near the house, on the roof, in the form of a balcony, etc. But the option is more common at the level of the house, so this design will be considered.

Terraces are divided into many types, depending on architecture, style, design, etc. We will consider the classification according to design features, according to which terraces are divided into:

• open;
• closed.

The open design is different in that it is used exclusively in summer. It is a small canopy installed on a specially equipped platform and fenced with decorative half-walls.

The closed terrace, unlike the open one, can be used all year round. This is a medium-sized room equipped with ventilation, in which, with high-quality heating, you can relax in the winter.

Note! Separately, it is worth mentioning the universal terraces, both summer and winter. In principle, this is an ordinary open structure, which is equipped with doors and ready-made double-glazed windows for the winter. Such a transformation must be thought out in advance.

What will be required in the work

It is impossible to build a terrace without necessary tools, so first you need to prepare the following equipment:

• jigsaw;
• building level;
• roulette;
• chisel;
• a hammer;
• screwdriver
• drill;
• marker;
• staples;
• shovel;
• brushes.

In addition, finishing materials will be needed - boards, cement, antiseptic, iron blank for construction, paint.

Stage 1. Design

If possible, the presence of a terrace should be provided for even when drawing up a house project. This will allow you to build it on the same foundation with the building, which will only strengthen the structure. But if the terrace is built later, then you will have to draw up a new project, for which you need to contact one of the specialized architectural companies.

This project specifies:

• climatic conditions;
• type and depth of soil freezing;
• average thickness of snow cover;
• the state of the wall to which the structure will adjoin;
• the area and dimensions of the future terrace;
• planned building materials.

Note! For the construction of an open-type terrace, no permits are needed. It does not even need a foundation, as it is officially considered a temporary extension.

For a closed structure, permission is required, because this is already a redevelopment of the house. Finished project provided to the chief district architect. If the project is approved, then all the necessary adjustments are made to the documentation for the house (without this, the property cannot be sold or inherited).

Stage 2. Choosing a place

If everything is in order with the documents, you can decide on the place. This is one of the most important stages of work, since the aesthetics and ease of use depend on it.

In most cases, an extension is made to the wall on which it is located. Entrance door. So the design will serve not only as a recreation area, but also as a vestibule and a porch. In addition, a terrace can be built around the entire perimeter of the house - with one exit or several at once.

The front door is not the only option. You can arrange a terrace, say, from the side of the living room and equip a door in the room.

Note! In the northern regions of the country, it is better to build an extension on the south side and equip it with a wide canopy. In warm regions, a recreation area is located on the east or south side, moreover, in absolute shade.

Also, when choosing a place for future construction, it is worth considering the wind rose, especially where strong winds are often observed. The extension should be placed so that the walls of the main building protect it.

Stage 3. Selection of materials

A great way to save money is to use building materials left after building a house. Bricks, stones - all this can be used when building a foundation. But if the materials are bought, then you need to choose only the highest quality ones, because the design must withstand both the winter cold and the scorching heat.

Stage 4. Form of extension

The choice of geometric shapes in this case is practically unlimited. The best option is a rectangular terrace, but for the sake of originality, you can resort to more complex shapes, such as, for example, a hexagon or any other polygon.

Regardless of the form, any terrace consists of three main elements:

• foundation;
• auxiliary elements;
• flooring.

Stage 5. Foundation

First, find out if a foundation is needed for the extension. If you believe the experts, then yes, it is needed, especially for long-term operation. And let for this you need to draw up a plan, get permission from architects and neighbors, but then you can be sure that the terrace will stand for more than a decade, and will not need annual reconstruction. Of course, only with proper care.

The sequence of actions when laying the foundation is as follows.

Step 1. Marking out a place future design, after which metal pins are driven in around the entire perimeter, and twine is pulled over them.

Step 2. Temporary supports are placed on the corners (for example, a pair paving slabs) and side lags are installed. It is necessary to focus on the fact that the terrace should be located about 0.5 m above the ground.

Step 3. Horizontal level is leveled with a building level, if necessary, construction waste is placed under the tile. It is worth remembering that the logs must be made at a slight slope (at least two degrees) from the house to drain precipitation.

Step 4. The twine is aligned on the top of the log and firmly fixed.

Step 5. The lags are removed and the actual construction of the foundation begins. First, stone columns are placed in the corners, their height should be equal to the height of the support.

Step 6. A trench breaks out between the two columns. It is poured with concrete and curbs for sidewalks are inserted so that they are ½ underground. The surface is leveled, the solution hardens.

Step 7. A similar structure is created on the opposite side of the foundation, and the voids formed next to the curbs are covered with sand.

Stage 6. Flooring

Step 1. Logs are installed on the columns and fastened with screws.

Step 2. Places of future fastening of wooden beams are marked.

Step 3. The bars are stacked and connected to the logs by means of metal corners.

Step 4. Boards are creeping. Larch is considered the best option, since it is perfectly adapted for outdoor use. The approximate dimensions of the boards are 3x15 cm.

Note! The boards are not laid end-to-end, but with a small gap for air circulation - this will prevent the terrace from rotting.

Step 5. The edges of the flooring are aligned with an electric jigsaw.

Step 6. The coating is painted and varnished.

It is worth remembering that if decking is used instead of boards, then laying should be started with a centimeter indent from the wall.

Stage 7. Auxiliary elements

Such elements include everything that will make the summer extension more comfortable - for example, fencing, roofing, flower pergolas, and so on. It is the auxiliary elements that give the design originality.

Usually terraces are fenced with wooden parapets or screens, but there are also expensive forged products covered with climbing plants. Although this is an optional structural element, without it the safety of the residents of the house may be at risk, even if the height is small - 50 cm.

To protect from rain, the terrace must be equipped with a roof. In our case, the extension is located close to the house, so it is preferable to apply the same coating as on the main building. In addition, there are several other options.

In conclusion - a thematic video.

Video - Do-it-yourself terrace to the house

Open summer verandas, photos of which are posted on the network with enviable regularity by their owners, cannot leave indifferent almost any summer resident. Whatever the dimensions of the country house, an open veranda, independently attached to the house, never hurts, because in addition to the ability to arrange a recreation area here, the veranda can become a convenient place to store many tools and other useful little things. At the same time, if the cottage is used exclusively in the summer, you can prefer the simplest option, for example, as an open veranda attached to the house in the photo below.

A device of this design does not require the construction of a foundation, walls or flooring. However, it is easy to take shelter from the summer rain or the scorching sun, set up a children's or family swing, hang a hammock or set up a barbecue stove. Such a simplified and maximally open version of the veranda can be erected in 1-2 days with your own hands.

How to close an open veranda for the winter

The charm and comfort of an open terrace are evaluated immediately after its construction. But with the onset of autumn, summer residents are increasingly starting to think about how to close the open veranda for the winter, and they are looking for photos of projects with a solution to this issue on the net. As a rule, you should think about how to protect an open building even at the stage of its construction. For temporary protection from wind, rain or excessive insolation, it is best to use roller blinds or hand-made curtains.

This option is distinguished by its simplicity and low cost, but it is completely inapplicable for providing protection for the winter. As a better option, you can consider transparent PVC curtains.

Such film curtains for open verandas completely solve the problem of how to close the veranda for the winter, they are distinguished by sufficient strength, the ability to self installation and low cost. On fine days, such a curtain simply rises up, opening up access to fresh air, and on cool, windy days, it quickly falls and is fixed.

For greater reliability, you can also install special curtains made of facade textiles, which have increased strength, insensitivity to strong temperature changes, humidity and winds.

This type of curtains for an open veranda in the country is guaranteed to "survive" not a single dozen winters, and in the summer, with their help, it is easy to protect the room from the scorching sun or rain with the wind.

As an excellent option for protecting an open terrace in the country, you can consider the method of frameless glazing. Of course, such protection will cost an order of magnitude more expensive, and if the holiday village is not guarded in winter, there is a high risk that the windows will simply be broken, but spending time on such an open terrace will become as comfortable as possible.

Stone and wood - the best materials for outdoor construction

As a rule, open verandas and terraces, photos of which are published in various publications, are made with the predominant use of wood, brick or natural stone. As a rule, when building an open veranda, they try to make it in the same style as the house itself. In this case, you can get a harmonious structure, which will be concisely inscribed in the existing landscape.

If this is not possible, for example, a country house is quite old, you can play on the contrast by making an open terrace of an original, modern design that will focus all attention on itself - in this case, the differences in the style of the two buildings will be quite appropriate.

The most common open veranda to the house with their own hands is built of wood. This is a versatile material that goes well with stone, glass and metal. In addition, the affordable cost also plays a role, since not everyone is ready to invest heavily in summer cottage construction. The open veranda in the country house, the photo of which is located below, is almost completely made of wood, is small in size, and does not require serious material costs.

Nevertheless, such an open veranda greatly increases the comfort of staying in the country house, making it easy to organize a comfortable place for relaxing and receiving guests in the country house. A wooden open veranda does not require a deep foundation, and in some cases you can do without it - for example, you can arrange it on a wooden platform, which is slightly raised above the ground. In this case, you can arrange open verandas with pergolas, the main advantage of which is a kind of roof that allows the rays of the sun to pass through in the morning and evening hours, which is arranged by placing the boards on edge, at a certain angle.

Special attention requires flooring on the open veranda. This is due, for the most part, to constantly high humidity or direct precipitation. As a rule, the floor on the open veranda is made of plank, and if it is made perfectly flat, puddles will inevitably form on it, especially after heavy and prolonged rains. Therefore, it is better to lay the floor in a lattice way and avoid excessively tight fit of the floorboards to each other. Paint for the floor on the open veranda is selected only weather-resistant, which is able to withstand severe temperature changes and high level humidity.

Quite often, summer residents simply do not know how to cover the wooden floor on the open veranda in order, along with providing good protection, not to hide the natural color and texture of the wood. Despite the fact that there are many compositions with excellent protective characteristics, many are still “reinventing the wheel”, and before painting the wooden floor on the open porch with a normal paintwork, they are ready to try anything, but not a factory product. Meanwhile, a coating such as Pinotex for the floor on an open veranda is guaranteed to prevent rotting, the formation of fungus and wood damage by insects.

Modern ideas for the design of an open veranda

A huge advantage can be considered the fact that the decoration of an open veranda in a private house can be carried out with materials that the owner would not dare to use in the house. For example, a small room of the veranda can be kept in white glossy colors.

Naturally, in a residential area such abundance white color not entirely appropriate, but for the terrace, where the time of stay is still limited, such a contrast will come in handy. At the same time, a kitchen can be moved into the attached room, which will allow more rational use of the internal space. country house, especially if it is not large.

It’s not bad to beat the interior decoration of the house with an open veranda, the photo of which is located below.

Glass, metal and minimum interior decoration. Despite the fact that such an "extension" can be considered closed, curtains for open terraces and gazebos can be successfully used here, which will not allow the sun's rays to overheat the room, and with open windows they will save from sudden gusts of wind, without preventing the flow of fresh air. It is desirable to plan such an open veranda to the house at the design stage. If the decision is made to use the existing brick wall"as is", treatment with a special protective compound will be required.

My own architect

In general, the design of an open veranda in the country can be carried out without any rules and regulations, since the main thing in this is the comfort and convenience of the summer resident, as well as harmony with the surrounding landscape. Traditionally, various designs of open-type veranda railings are popular, whose pattern of irregular geometry invariably decorates the site and attracts attention. For two-story country houses, whose owners seek to make the most of the available land for growing vegetables or flowers, an open veranda located on the second floor of the building would be a good option.

Such an open design, despite some difficulties in the construction process itself, can become a real highlight of the house, and the most popular and favorite vacation spots. Here it is absolutely not necessary to arrange a traditional roof - a small canopy that can be removed at any time, or pergolas is quite enough. On the veranda, located on the second floor, railings are mandatory. They must be of sufficient height, and securely fastened.

Of course, on such an open veranda wooden house, built with your own hands, it is problematic to install, for example, a barbecue oven - for this you will have to meet many conditions, but putting a small barbecue for cooking barbecue is quite acceptable. The entrance to such a veranda can be organized both directly from the house and from the street by installing an unusual staircase, for example, a twisted design.

Before you make an open veranda to the house, you should take care of the safety of the future building. So, it is desirable to treat all wooden elements with flame retardants applied with a brush, roller or spray gun in several layers. When arranging, for example, a barbecue area, the material for the floor on the open veranda should be non-combustible, or the stove should be installed on an independent concrete foundation. The roof of the open veranda should be pitched, which will avoid excessive snow load in winter on the base of the entire structure. About how simple and unpretentious the process of self-construction of a small terrace can be shown in the video